review - NYU Psychology
... not only alert the receiver about potential imminent danger, they also assign a threat value to the context or cue associated with the threat. For example, a conspecific’s fear expression may serve as an US, eliciting an immediate aversive response in the observer that becomes associated with the pa ...
... not only alert the receiver about potential imminent danger, they also assign a threat value to the context or cue associated with the threat. For example, a conspecific’s fear expression may serve as an US, eliciting an immediate aversive response in the observer that becomes associated with the pa ...
Learning - WW Norton & Company
... • Pavlov’s Experiments Reveal the Four Steps in Classical Conditioning – Step 1: presenting food causes salivary reflex – Unconditioned stimulus (US): A stimulus that elicits a response that is innate and does not require any prior learning (Food) – Unconditioned response (UR): A response that does ...
... • Pavlov’s Experiments Reveal the Four Steps in Classical Conditioning – Step 1: presenting food causes salivary reflex – Unconditioned stimulus (US): A stimulus that elicits a response that is innate and does not require any prior learning (Food) – Unconditioned response (UR): A response that does ...
Divergent Projections from the Anterior Inferotemporal Area TE to
... monkey and TEad in two monkeys to observe the projection patterns to the perirhinal and entorhinal cortices from large injection sites, as well as to see the distribution of neurons projecting back to TEav and TEad. WGA-HRP was injected into a single site except in one TEad case, in which nine injec ...
... monkey and TEad in two monkeys to observe the projection patterns to the perirhinal and entorhinal cortices from large injection sites, as well as to see the distribution of neurons projecting back to TEav and TEad. WGA-HRP was injected into a single site except in one TEad case, in which nine injec ...
J. Neurophysiol. - Nonlinear Dynamics Group
... Neurophysiological studies have succeeded in correlating the firing activity of specific populations of neurons to animal behaviors, defining sites with neuronal activity in particular behavioral contexts as the functional areas corresponding to those behaviors. Although such observations are intere ...
... Neurophysiological studies have succeeded in correlating the firing activity of specific populations of neurons to animal behaviors, defining sites with neuronal activity in particular behavioral contexts as the functional areas corresponding to those behaviors. Although such observations are intere ...
USF Hyperbaric Biomedical Research Laboratory
... (normobaria) and high barometric pressures (hyperbaria). Altered pressure environments perturb various cellular processes at the molecular level due to the effects of pressure per se, gas partial pressure alone, and/or the production of secondary reaction productions such as O2-induced free radicals ...
... (normobaria) and high barometric pressures (hyperbaria). Altered pressure environments perturb various cellular processes at the molecular level due to the effects of pressure per se, gas partial pressure alone, and/or the production of secondary reaction productions such as O2-induced free radicals ...
Likelihood approaches to sensory coding in auditory cortex
... latency. The details of the approximation techniques can be found in Jenison et al (1998, 2001a). The linear combination of spherical basis functions effectively performs spatial lowpass filtering of the observed data. However, the placement and width free parameters allow for varying degrees of smo ...
... latency. The details of the approximation techniques can be found in Jenison et al (1998, 2001a). The linear combination of spherical basis functions effectively performs spatial lowpass filtering of the observed data. However, the placement and width free parameters allow for varying degrees of smo ...
A Cocaine Cue Acts as an Incentive Stimulus in Some but not Others
... Background: In addicts drug cues attract attention, elicit approach, and motivate drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior, and addicts find it difficult to resist such cues. In preclinical studies we have found, however, that food cues acquire incentive motivational properties only in a subset of indi ...
... Background: In addicts drug cues attract attention, elicit approach, and motivate drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior, and addicts find it difficult to resist such cues. In preclinical studies we have found, however, that food cues acquire incentive motivational properties only in a subset of indi ...
Paper
... (2002) examined claustrum afferents to lateral prefrontal areas, including areas 8, 9, 12, and 46, and to motor and premotor areas of frontal cortex. These studies showed that projections to area 46 were widespread, and extended along the majority of the rostralcaudal axis of the claustrum (this inc ...
... (2002) examined claustrum afferents to lateral prefrontal areas, including areas 8, 9, 12, and 46, and to motor and premotor areas of frontal cortex. These studies showed that projections to area 46 were widespread, and extended along the majority of the rostralcaudal axis of the claustrum (this inc ...
Biological Level of Analysis
... Explain one theory or study on the formation of stereotypes [8 marks] Describe one theory or study on the formation of stereotypes [8 marks] Effect on behaviour Describe social learning theory with reference to one relevant study. With ref to one study Examine the use of two compliance ...
... Explain one theory or study on the formation of stereotypes [8 marks] Describe one theory or study on the formation of stereotypes [8 marks] Effect on behaviour Describe social learning theory with reference to one relevant study. With ref to one study Examine the use of two compliance ...
M100,907, a selective 5-HT antagonist, attenuates dopamine
... release produced by the systemic administration of the 5-HT 2A / 2C agonist, 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI). These findings demonstrate that local 5-HT 2A antagonism has an inhibitory effect on stimulated, Ca 21 -dependent DA release. They suggest that cortical 5-HT 2A receptors ...
... release produced by the systemic administration of the 5-HT 2A / 2C agonist, 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI). These findings demonstrate that local 5-HT 2A antagonism has an inhibitory effect on stimulated, Ca 21 -dependent DA release. They suggest that cortical 5-HT 2A receptors ...
The role of the mirror neuron system in action understanding and
... they found that activation of mirror neurons was only caused by actions in which a hand or mouth interacted with an object. Hand movements that included grasping, manipulating and placing objects caused the strongest mirror neuron activation. The showing of objects alone was not effective in activat ...
... they found that activation of mirror neurons was only caused by actions in which a hand or mouth interacted with an object. Hand movements that included grasping, manipulating and placing objects caused the strongest mirror neuron activation. The showing of objects alone was not effective in activat ...
From Thought to Action
... endeavor attempts to explain and predict empirical observations, while the engineering discipline works to develop medical treatments for motor deficits. This thesis relates to both the scientific and medical engineering concerns of neural movement control. The research presented here begins in Chap ...
... endeavor attempts to explain and predict empirical observations, while the engineering discipline works to develop medical treatments for motor deficits. This thesis relates to both the scientific and medical engineering concerns of neural movement control. The research presented here begins in Chap ...
Thalamocortical inputs trigger a propagating envelope of gamma
... to cortical layers based on distances from the pia relative to the full cortical width, according to published values for rat (Roger and Arnault 1989) and mouse (Willard and Ryugo 1983) auditory cortex. Distances in the recording chamber were measured using a microscope reticle (25 µm resolution). E ...
... to cortical layers based on distances from the pia relative to the full cortical width, according to published values for rat (Roger and Arnault 1989) and mouse (Willard and Ryugo 1983) auditory cortex. Distances in the recording chamber were measured using a microscope reticle (25 µm resolution). E ...
Chapter_013
... Consists of the cerebellar hemispheres and the vermis Internal white matter—composed of short and long tracts • Shorter tracts—conduct impulses from neuron cell bodies located in the cerebellar cortex to neurons whose dendrites and cell bodies compose nuclei located in the interior of the cerebellum ...
... Consists of the cerebellar hemispheres and the vermis Internal white matter—composed of short and long tracts • Shorter tracts—conduct impulses from neuron cell bodies located in the cerebellar cortex to neurons whose dendrites and cell bodies compose nuclei located in the interior of the cerebellum ...
Neurodynamical modeling of arbitrary visuomotor tasks
... This thesis consists of an introductory chapter and publications by the doctoral student, which are printed in the chapters thereafter. In the introductory section, we give first a review of the literature of conditional visuomotor learning. We focus on the specific experiments used to study this pa ...
... This thesis consists of an introductory chapter and publications by the doctoral student, which are printed in the chapters thereafter. In the introductory section, we give first a review of the literature of conditional visuomotor learning. We focus on the specific experiments used to study this pa ...
Chapter_013
... Consists of the cerebellar hemispheres and the vermis Internal white matter—composed of short and long tracts • Shorter tracts—conduct impulses from neuron cell bodies located in the cerebellar cortex to neurons whose dendrites and cell bodies compose nuclei located in the interior of the cerebellum ...
... Consists of the cerebellar hemispheres and the vermis Internal white matter—composed of short and long tracts • Shorter tracts—conduct impulses from neuron cell bodies located in the cerebellar cortex to neurons whose dendrites and cell bodies compose nuclei located in the interior of the cerebellum ...
Public Value Mapping of Science Outcomes: Theory and Method
... impacts of scientific research on desired social outcomes. This monograph summarizes progress in developing theory and method for assessing the public values aspects of science outcomes. The critical problem for understanding the social impacts of science is that we have no satisfactory tools for un ...
... impacts of scientific research on desired social outcomes. This monograph summarizes progress in developing theory and method for assessing the public values aspects of science outcomes. The critical problem for understanding the social impacts of science is that we have no satisfactory tools for un ...
Mapping the Brain
... similar principles and similar puzzles as to how circuit function arises from the component neurons and their interactions. What do functional and anatomical maps reveal? We begin with the connectivity diagram of the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the crab, Cancer borealis (Fig. 1a) and a graph of ...
... similar principles and similar puzzles as to how circuit function arises from the component neurons and their interactions. What do functional and anatomical maps reveal? We begin with the connectivity diagram of the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the crab, Cancer borealis (Fig. 1a) and a graph of ...
Personality and Persuasion
... internal-external locus of control (e.g., Lefcourt, 1972; Phares, 1973), and self-esteem (e.g., Janis & Field, 1959; Janis & Rife, 1959) were used to identify individuals who were more or less likely to be influenced by an appeal. For example, on the basis of the notion that people with an external ...
... internal-external locus of control (e.g., Lefcourt, 1972; Phares, 1973), and self-esteem (e.g., Janis & Field, 1959; Janis & Rife, 1959) were used to identify individuals who were more or less likely to be influenced by an appeal. For example, on the basis of the notion that people with an external ...
2 - Philsci
... Gruber and Köszegi write, “[I]ndividuals recognize the addictive nature of choices that they make, but may still make them because the gains from the activity exceed any costs through future addiction” (my emphasis, 2001, 1262). Rational is used within a very particular context here. The RTA theoris ...
... Gruber and Köszegi write, “[I]ndividuals recognize the addictive nature of choices that they make, but may still make them because the gains from the activity exceed any costs through future addiction” (my emphasis, 2001, 1262). Rational is used within a very particular context here. The RTA theoris ...
Multimodality Imaging
... bring NM, encephalography, MRI, and optical techniques into a clinical and human neuroimaging reality. Much of the attention within this session deals with the major challenge to all attempts to integrate multimodality approaches arising from the realization that distinct physiological mechanisms un ...
... bring NM, encephalography, MRI, and optical techniques into a clinical and human neuroimaging reality. Much of the attention within this session deals with the major challenge to all attempts to integrate multimodality approaches arising from the realization that distinct physiological mechanisms un ...
PREFERENTIAL POTENTIATION OF WEAKER INPUTS TO PRIMARY
... stimulation of fibers in the perforant pathway resulted in field EPSPs (fEPSP) recorded in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rabbits. When brief, high frequency burst stimulation was applied to the perforant pathway, the response to subsequent single stimulation pulses became enhanced, an effect tha ...
... stimulation of fibers in the perforant pathway resulted in field EPSPs (fEPSP) recorded in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rabbits. When brief, high frequency burst stimulation was applied to the perforant pathway, the response to subsequent single stimulation pulses became enhanced, an effect tha ...