The influence of James and Darwin on Cajal and his
... related to the interaction between the organism and its environment at both, a biological dimension and the role of interaction between the organism and its environment. Learning is closely associated with memory mechanisms and implies plastic changes in the brain at different levels (genes, molecul ...
... related to the interaction between the organism and its environment at both, a biological dimension and the role of interaction between the organism and its environment. Learning is closely associated with memory mechanisms and implies plastic changes in the brain at different levels (genes, molecul ...
Spinal Cord Neural Modeling for Clinical Applications
... in this massively interconnected circuit cannot reveal higher-level “emergent” interactions, nor the full ramifications that applying an electric field can have on distant or what may (in the context of pain processing) initially be considered irrelevant parts of the circuit. To this end, we have ch ...
... in this massively interconnected circuit cannot reveal higher-level “emergent” interactions, nor the full ramifications that applying an electric field can have on distant or what may (in the context of pain processing) initially be considered irrelevant parts of the circuit. To this end, we have ch ...
Turning on the alarm - Center for Healthy Minds
... to reach this threshold (Coghill et al., 2003; Petrie, 1978). Furthermore, characterization of the pain threshold as a “probability function” rather than a discrete event (Gracely, 1999) suggests that individuals may also differ in the degree to which the threshold can be reliably found at a discret ...
... to reach this threshold (Coghill et al., 2003; Petrie, 1978). Furthermore, characterization of the pain threshold as a “probability function” rather than a discrete event (Gracely, 1999) suggests that individuals may also differ in the degree to which the threshold can be reliably found at a discret ...
here - University of California San Diego
... (SCI)6–8. In particular, recent studies propose that pharmacological and electrical stimulation of the spinal cord combined with robot-assisted rehabilitation can lead to greater recovery of motor functions in severely injured animals via a novel circuit relay in the absence of the direct repair of ...
... (SCI)6–8. In particular, recent studies propose that pharmacological and electrical stimulation of the spinal cord combined with robot-assisted rehabilitation can lead to greater recovery of motor functions in severely injured animals via a novel circuit relay in the absence of the direct repair of ...
Nervous Systems
... • Modern brain-imaging techniques suggest that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain based on activity in many areas of the cortex Prefrontal cortex ...
... • Modern brain-imaging techniques suggest that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain based on activity in many areas of the cortex Prefrontal cortex ...
Central Nervous System
... 1. Sensory input—gathering information To monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body Changes stimuli ...
... 1. Sensory input—gathering information To monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body Changes stimuli ...
Review. Glial cells in neuronal network function
... ion channels, the level of expression of some key channels is relatively low and consequently they are not electrically excitable (e.g. Orkand et al. 1966; Sontheimer 1994; Verkhratsky & Steinhäuser 2000; Seifert & Steinhäuser 2001). Astrocytes are known to play relevant roles in numerous processe ...
... ion channels, the level of expression of some key channels is relatively low and consequently they are not electrically excitable (e.g. Orkand et al. 1966; Sontheimer 1994; Verkhratsky & Steinhäuser 2000; Seifert & Steinhäuser 2001). Astrocytes are known to play relevant roles in numerous processe ...
Stochastic dynamics as a principle of brain function
... faced with an inverse problem: we have to extract the free parameters of a system that cannot be measured directly (e.g., the connectivity between the thousands of neurons making up any plausible sub-network) but which can be inferred by (i) studying the dynamical capabilities of the system and (ii) ...
... faced with an inverse problem: we have to extract the free parameters of a system that cannot be measured directly (e.g., the connectivity between the thousands of neurons making up any plausible sub-network) but which can be inferred by (i) studying the dynamical capabilities of the system and (ii) ...
Genetic dissection of neural circuits underlying sexually dimorphic
... strategies to selectively study and manipulate such molecularly defined neuronal subpopulations within the BNST and elsewhere will be essential in the attempt to untangle and understand the neural circuits underlying sexually dimorphic behaviour. This review provides an overview of our current under ...
... strategies to selectively study and manipulate such molecularly defined neuronal subpopulations within the BNST and elsewhere will be essential in the attempt to untangle and understand the neural circuits underlying sexually dimorphic behaviour. This review provides an overview of our current under ...
Emerging roles of Axin in cerebral cortical development
... connection with other brain regions. Remarkably, the characteristic distribution and connectivity of cortical neurons originate from a single layer of progenitor cells called the neuroepithelium. During cortical development, neural progenitor cells located in the ventricular zone undergo symmetric c ...
... connection with other brain regions. Remarkably, the characteristic distribution and connectivity of cortical neurons originate from a single layer of progenitor cells called the neuroepithelium. During cortical development, neural progenitor cells located in the ventricular zone undergo symmetric c ...
Module 1 - Doral Academy Preparatory
... • Peripheral Nervous System – made up of nerves that are located throughout the body, except in the brain & spinal cord ...
... • Peripheral Nervous System – made up of nerves that are located throughout the body, except in the brain & spinal cord ...
Disentangling pleasure from incentive salience and
... (52/115) fired phasically at the onset of the CS+1 and/or CS+2 cues (23% of these fired to the CS+1, 21% of these fired to the CS+2, and 56% of these fired to both) (Figs. 2 and 4 and Fig. S1). The phasic response consisted of a rapid climb in firing rate to reach a peak within 200 ms of each CS+ tone on ...
... (52/115) fired phasically at the onset of the CS+1 and/or CS+2 cues (23% of these fired to the CS+1, 21% of these fired to the CS+2, and 56% of these fired to both) (Figs. 2 and 4 and Fig. S1). The phasic response consisted of a rapid climb in firing rate to reach a peak within 200 ms of each CS+ tone on ...
Neurally Plausible Model of Robot Reaching Inspired by Infant
... In this dissertation, we present an abstract model of infant reaching that is neurally-plausible. This model is grounded in embodied artificial intelligence, which emphasizes the importance of the sensorimotor interaction of an agent and the world. It includes both learning sensorimotor correlations ...
... In this dissertation, we present an abstract model of infant reaching that is neurally-plausible. This model is grounded in embodied artificial intelligence, which emphasizes the importance of the sensorimotor interaction of an agent and the world. It includes both learning sensorimotor correlations ...
Methods of Studying The Nervous System - U
... • Lesion studies must be interpreted with caution; a lesion inevitably damages structures other than the one that the surgeon targeted, and lesions seldom completely remove a structure that is targeted ...
... • Lesion studies must be interpreted with caution; a lesion inevitably damages structures other than the one that the surgeon targeted, and lesions seldom completely remove a structure that is targeted ...
pdf
... recurring low back pain, with or without sciatica following one or more spine surgeries. It has been shown in animals that electrical stimulation of the high cervical C2 area can suppress pain stimuli derived from the L5-S1 dermatome. It is unknown whether C2 electrical stimulation in humans can be ...
... recurring low back pain, with or without sciatica following one or more spine surgeries. It has been shown in animals that electrical stimulation of the high cervical C2 area can suppress pain stimuli derived from the L5-S1 dermatome. It is unknown whether C2 electrical stimulation in humans can be ...
Median to radial nerve transfer for treatment of radial nerve palsy S
... for her wrist and finger extensors to be reinnervated in a timely fashion. It was decided to proceed with a median to radial nerve transfer. Operation. An incision was made in the proximal volar forearm just below the antecubital crease. The median nerve and its branches were identified with intraop ...
... for her wrist and finger extensors to be reinnervated in a timely fashion. It was decided to proceed with a median to radial nerve transfer. Operation. An incision was made in the proximal volar forearm just below the antecubital crease. The median nerve and its branches were identified with intraop ...
Neuronal Interaction Dynamics in Cat Primary Visual Cortex
... Figure 1. A, Schematic illustration of the elementary stimuli (squares of light, 0.4 3 0.4°) presented at seven horizontally shifted positions within the foveal representation of the visual field. B, Composite stimuli were assembled from combinations of the elementary stimuli and were presented at s ...
... Figure 1. A, Schematic illustration of the elementary stimuli (squares of light, 0.4 3 0.4°) presented at seven horizontally shifted positions within the foveal representation of the visual field. B, Composite stimuli were assembled from combinations of the elementary stimuli and were presented at s ...
Studies of the Role of the Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation
... EXTRACTION OF HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL COMMAND SIGNALS Best Direction of Short-Lead Burst Neurons in PPRF It is surprising that issues about the on-direction of cells in PPRF are still unresolved 30 years after chronic unit recording methods allowed the first descriptions of pontine cells with saccad ...
... EXTRACTION OF HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL COMMAND SIGNALS Best Direction of Short-Lead Burst Neurons in PPRF It is surprising that issues about the on-direction of cells in PPRF are still unresolved 30 years after chronic unit recording methods allowed the first descriptions of pontine cells with saccad ...
Lateral olfactory processing
... that can dramatically shape patterns of odorant-evoked neural activity. They took advantage of the separation of Drosophila ORNs into two physically distinct peripheral clusters (90% on the antenna and 10% on the maxillary palp) to investigate the lateral interactions – mediated by LNs - between olf ...
... that can dramatically shape patterns of odorant-evoked neural activity. They took advantage of the separation of Drosophila ORNs into two physically distinct peripheral clusters (90% on the antenna and 10% on the maxillary palp) to investigate the lateral interactions – mediated by LNs - between olf ...
EXERCISE TRAINING AND SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
... Therefore, inhibition of neurons in the NTS with muscimol would produce a greater sympathoexcitatory response in trained animals. However, as shown in Fig. 2, we observed blunted pressor and sympathoexcitatory responses to NTS inhibition in trained animals. These data are similar to the blunted baro ...
... Therefore, inhibition of neurons in the NTS with muscimol would produce a greater sympathoexcitatory response in trained animals. However, as shown in Fig. 2, we observed blunted pressor and sympathoexcitatory responses to NTS inhibition in trained animals. These data are similar to the blunted baro ...
The distributed human neural system for face perception
... region may not play a central role in all aspects of face perception but, rather, may be involved more in the perception of invariant aspects of faces. In addition to the face-responsive fusiform region, functional imaging studies have identified other face-responsive regions, usually consistently l ...
... region may not play a central role in all aspects of face perception but, rather, may be involved more in the perception of invariant aspects of faces. In addition to the face-responsive fusiform region, functional imaging studies have identified other face-responsive regions, usually consistently l ...
Aggregate Input-Output Models of Neuronal Populations
... function of environmental and intrinsic factors and have been used to study a wide range of neural systems [8]–[18]. These models are predictive, i.e., one can feed any set of spike train inputs into them, and obtain a set of spike train outputs that obey the stochastic distribution. The PPM model p ...
... function of environmental and intrinsic factors and have been used to study a wide range of neural systems [8]–[18]. These models are predictive, i.e., one can feed any set of spike train inputs into them, and obtain a set of spike train outputs that obey the stochastic distribution. The PPM model p ...