Does the Conventional Leaky Integrate-and
... investigating the spike response of the neuron (or neuron pool). It showed that the temporal variance of the spike response is less than the temporal variance of the input pulse packet in time, i.e. the output pulse packet is more synchronized than the input pulse packet. Some of these studies (Mars ...
... investigating the spike response of the neuron (or neuron pool). It showed that the temporal variance of the spike response is less than the temporal variance of the input pulse packet in time, i.e. the output pulse packet is more synchronized than the input pulse packet. Some of these studies (Mars ...
Representing Spatial Information for Limb - Research
... uniformly throughout space, and the population vector predicts well the hand trajectory (Georgopoulos et al., 1988). A vector code of movement direction implies that neural activity should be the same for the same movement performed along parallel directions but starting from different initial posit ...
... uniformly throughout space, and the population vector predicts well the hand trajectory (Georgopoulos et al., 1988). A vector code of movement direction implies that neural activity should be the same for the same movement performed along parallel directions but starting from different initial posit ...
The computational and neural basis of voluntary motor control and
... distance of muscle from spinal cord), is called the short latency reflex, and is generated entirely by the spinal cord. Activity after 100ms has traditionally been viewed as ‘voluntary’, because movement-related EMG can be generated at this time from visual or somatosensory stimuli [40]. The time f ...
... distance of muscle from spinal cord), is called the short latency reflex, and is generated entirely by the spinal cord. Activity after 100ms has traditionally been viewed as ‘voluntary’, because movement-related EMG can be generated at this time from visual or somatosensory stimuli [40]. The time f ...
The effect of spinal cord injury on the neurochemical properties of
... Hindlimb assessment for lesion completeness The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scale (14), an open-field locomotor ...
... Hindlimb assessment for lesion completeness The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scale (14), an open-field locomotor ...
Concept of pain
... the integrity of the containment body (skin, mucous membranes, peritoneum, etc..) And the oxygen level of tissue. In response to damage in the body activated reparative processes and is mobilizing function of organs and systems that support oxygen of tissues. On the other hand, the damage leads to a ...
... the integrity of the containment body (skin, mucous membranes, peritoneum, etc..) And the oxygen level of tissue. In response to damage in the body activated reparative processes and is mobilizing function of organs and systems that support oxygen of tissues. On the other hand, the damage leads to a ...
35-2 The Nervous System
... coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. ...
... coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. ...
neurophysics.ucsd.edu
... [7]. Consistent with the notion that such precise coordination represents a computationally demanding function of the nervous system, defects in orofacial coordination are prominent symptoms of many neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease for example, impaired coordinatio ...
... [7]. Consistent with the notion that such precise coordination represents a computationally demanding function of the nervous system, defects in orofacial coordination are prominent symptoms of many neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease for example, impaired coordinatio ...
3. NEURAL NETWORK MODELS 3.1 Early Approaches
... not be restricted in any way. The storage of a training pair (x, y) = (x(ν) , y(ν) ) consists of setting all weights wri satisfying both xi = 1 and yr = 1 to the value one (all the weights are zero before storage of the first pattern). The remaining weights remain unchanged. This is illustrated in F ...
... not be restricted in any way. The storage of a training pair (x, y) = (x(ν) , y(ν) ) consists of setting all weights wri satisfying both xi = 1 and yr = 1 to the value one (all the weights are zero before storage of the first pattern). The remaining weights remain unchanged. This is illustrated in F ...
Rationalizing Context-Dependent Preferences: Divisive
... The question of whether stochastic choice behaviour can be rationalized, and how such behaviour depends on the choice set, has long been of interest in economics. Block and Marschak (1960) first laid out a necessary regularity condition for the existence of a random utility representation, under whi ...
... The question of whether stochastic choice behaviour can be rationalized, and how such behaviour depends on the choice set, has long been of interest in economics. Block and Marschak (1960) first laid out a necessary regularity condition for the existence of a random utility representation, under whi ...
Chapter 8: The Nervous System
... Ans: A nerve impulse is a wave of depolarization and repolarization, during which sodium ions first move into a neuron and then potassium ions move out of a neuron. This is called an action potential. When the action potential reaches the end of the axon, neurotransmitter substances are released int ...
... Ans: A nerve impulse is a wave of depolarization and repolarization, during which sodium ions first move into a neuron and then potassium ions move out of a neuron. This is called an action potential. When the action potential reaches the end of the axon, neurotransmitter substances are released int ...
Chapter 8: The Nervous System
... Ans: A nerve impulse is a wave of depolarization and repolarization, during which sodium ions first move into a neuron and then potassium ions move out of a neuron. This is called an action potential. When the action potential reaches the end of the axon, neurotransmitter substances are released int ...
... Ans: A nerve impulse is a wave of depolarization and repolarization, during which sodium ions first move into a neuron and then potassium ions move out of a neuron. This is called an action potential. When the action potential reaches the end of the axon, neurotransmitter substances are released int ...
Human nasal olfactory epithelium as a dynamic marker for CNS
... express specific markers of CNS cell types including astrocytic marker GFAP, as well as neuronal markers such as glutamate receptor subtypes, nerve growth factor receptors and neurotransmitters GABA and glutamate (Au and Roskams, 2002; Au and Roskams, 2003; Priest and Puche, 2004; Thukral et al., 199 ...
... express specific markers of CNS cell types including astrocytic marker GFAP, as well as neuronal markers such as glutamate receptor subtypes, nerve growth factor receptors and neurotransmitters GABA and glutamate (Au and Roskams, 2002; Au and Roskams, 2003; Priest and Puche, 2004; Thukral et al., 199 ...
Altered neural reward and loss processing and
... Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, and 5School of Applied Psychology, SRH University of Applied Sciences, Heidelberg, Germany Dysfunctional processing of reward and punishment may play an important role in depression. However, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown he ...
... Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, and 5School of Applied Psychology, SRH University of Applied Sciences, Heidelberg, Germany Dysfunctional processing of reward and punishment may play an important role in depression. However, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown he ...
Asymmetry of the Neuroendocrine System
... functions and that asymmetry is present throughout the animal kingdom. Furthermore, a wealth of data indicates asymmetry in subcortical areas and in nonneuronal structures. Morphological, biochemical, and pharmacological asymmetries have been revealed underlying biological mechanisms of functional a ...
... functions and that asymmetry is present throughout the animal kingdom. Furthermore, a wealth of data indicates asymmetry in subcortical areas and in nonneuronal structures. Morphological, biochemical, and pharmacological asymmetries have been revealed underlying biological mechanisms of functional a ...
Spinal Cord
... The spinal lesion is multisegmental, elongated, and is in the lower cervical and thoracic levels. The pattern and extent of this lesion is atypical for multiple sclerosis in its size and extent and most characteristic of a form of transverse myelitis. The presence anti aquaporin antibodies (NMO ant ...
... The spinal lesion is multisegmental, elongated, and is in the lower cervical and thoracic levels. The pattern and extent of this lesion is atypical for multiple sclerosis in its size and extent and most characteristic of a form of transverse myelitis. The presence anti aquaporin antibodies (NMO ant ...
innervation of the ventral diaphragm of the locust
... smaller with increasing distance from the stimulation site. Hyperpolarizations could not be recorded when the suction electrode was released or when the recording electrode was withdrawn from the fibre. It is therefore probable that there is an electrotonic spread of the current from the stimulated ...
... smaller with increasing distance from the stimulation site. Hyperpolarizations could not be recorded when the suction electrode was released or when the recording electrode was withdrawn from the fibre. It is therefore probable that there is an electrotonic spread of the current from the stimulated ...
optimal feedback control and the neural basis of volitional motor
... are ignored. Optimal state estimation is created by combining feedback signals and efferent copy of motor commands. The latter uses a forward internal model to convert motor commands to state variables. A key feature of optimal feedback control can be understood by considering a problem where a syst ...
... are ignored. Optimal state estimation is created by combining feedback signals and efferent copy of motor commands. The latter uses a forward internal model to convert motor commands to state variables. A key feature of optimal feedback control can be understood by considering a problem where a syst ...
Preview Sample 2
... • The dendrites project out from the cell bodies are the primary receivers of signals from other neurons. • The axon is a tail-like extension of the neuron. It transmits signals to other neurons. • At the ends of the axons are the axon terminals. Signals move from the axon terminals to the dendrites ...
... • The dendrites project out from the cell bodies are the primary receivers of signals from other neurons. • The axon is a tail-like extension of the neuron. It transmits signals to other neurons. • At the ends of the axons are the axon terminals. Signals move from the axon terminals to the dendrites ...
Chapter 5 - Wake Forest University
... • Brain lesions of subcortical regions (regions located beneath the cortex) are usually produced by passing electrical current through a stainless steel wire that is coated with an insulating varnish except for the very tip. • We guide the wire stereotaxically so that its end reaches the appropriate ...
... • Brain lesions of subcortical regions (regions located beneath the cortex) are usually produced by passing electrical current through a stainless steel wire that is coated with an insulating varnish except for the very tip. • We guide the wire stereotaxically so that its end reaches the appropriate ...
Auditory Nerve Stochasticity Impedes Category Learning: the Role
... and the simple four-stage (C) models of the auditory brain. Blue circles represent excitatory (E) and red circles represent inhibitory (I) neurons. The connectivity within each stage of the models is demonstrated using one excitatory cell as an example: E→I connection is shown in black, I→E connecti ...
... and the simple four-stage (C) models of the auditory brain. Blue circles represent excitatory (E) and red circles represent inhibitory (I) neurons. The connectivity within each stage of the models is demonstrated using one excitatory cell as an example: E→I connection is shown in black, I→E connecti ...
chapter 4 the evolution of body, brain, behavior, and mind in
... the developing embryo from desiccation. After hatching, many amphibians spend their early life in the water as tadpoles, with tails used for swimming and gills for breathing. They do not develop functional lungs until they have metamorphosed. Moreover, lacking a diaphragm, the amphibian lung is a le ...
... the developing embryo from desiccation. After hatching, many amphibians spend their early life in the water as tadpoles, with tails used for swimming and gills for breathing. They do not develop functional lungs until they have metamorphosed. Moreover, lacking a diaphragm, the amphibian lung is a le ...