Chapter 36 Locomotion
... after transection of the spinal cord. He therefore proposed the concept of the half-center, whereby flexors and extensors inhibit each other reciprocally, giving rise to alternating stepping movements. Four conclusions can be drawn from these early studies. 1. Supraspinal commands are not necessary ...
... after transection of the spinal cord. He therefore proposed the concept of the half-center, whereby flexors and extensors inhibit each other reciprocally, giving rise to alternating stepping movements. Four conclusions can be drawn from these early studies. 1. Supraspinal commands are not necessary ...
How Reliably Does a Neuron in the Visual Motion Pathway of fhe Fly
... which the neuronal responses are taken into account. For instance, if responses are smoothed by temporal integration within a time window of a given size, both the noise as well as the SIRC may decrease, though to a different extent depending on the size of the integration window. On which time scal ...
... which the neuronal responses are taken into account. For instance, if responses are smoothed by temporal integration within a time window of a given size, both the noise as well as the SIRC may decrease, though to a different extent depending on the size of the integration window. On which time scal ...
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... c) encodes only action potentials that are initiated in response to pain. d) occurs in unmyelinated axons and happens due to even distribution of voltage-gated Na+ channels e) occurs only in myelinated axons Answer: e Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 12.3 Describe the types of electrical sig ...
... c) encodes only action potentials that are initiated in response to pain. d) occurs in unmyelinated axons and happens due to even distribution of voltage-gated Na+ channels e) occurs only in myelinated axons Answer: e Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 12.3 Describe the types of electrical sig ...
State-Dependent TMS Reveals a Hierarchical
... that action understanding takes place in the ventral part of the dorsal stream (Rizzolatti and Matelli 2003), others claim that actions are fully recognized and categorized outside the motor system, in the ventral stream (Mahon and Caramazza 2008). In order to further investigate the relative contri ...
... that action understanding takes place in the ventral part of the dorsal stream (Rizzolatti and Matelli 2003), others claim that actions are fully recognized and categorized outside the motor system, in the ventral stream (Mahon and Caramazza 2008). In order to further investigate the relative contri ...
SpinalCord_Nerves_Plexus_Reflexes
... to a nearby sympathetic ganglion. Because these preganglionic axons are myelinated, this branch has a light color and is therefore known as the white ramus. A sympathetic nerve contains preganglionic and postganglionic fibers innervating structures in the thoracic cavity. ...
... to a nearby sympathetic ganglion. Because these preganglionic axons are myelinated, this branch has a light color and is therefore known as the white ramus. A sympathetic nerve contains preganglionic and postganglionic fibers innervating structures in the thoracic cavity. ...
studying the isolated central nervous system
... and descending pathways, extensive sensory integrative local area networks, and inhibitory interneuron circuits. Much of the/n vivo circuitry is functional/n vitro. 9. The isolated mammalian spinal cord and brain stem can be developed to include functional higher brain circuits that will provide inc ...
... and descending pathways, extensive sensory integrative local area networks, and inhibitory interneuron circuits. Much of the/n vivo circuitry is functional/n vitro. 9. The isolated mammalian spinal cord and brain stem can be developed to include functional higher brain circuits that will provide inc ...
L3-ANS LECTURE Sulta..
... (mainly skeletal muscles) Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): Not under voluntary control. It regulates individual organ, visceral functions and homeostasis, known as the visceral or automatic system. ...
... (mainly skeletal muscles) Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): Not under voluntary control. It regulates individual organ, visceral functions and homeostasis, known as the visceral or automatic system. ...
Monkey Models of Recovery of Voluntary Hand
... humans, where the loss of sensory feedback from the hand (e.g., following brachial plexus injury) also results in a severe loss of voluntary hand movements (Nagano 1998). Such reports, however, tell us little about the potential for the recovery of digit and hand movements after less devastating dor ...
... humans, where the loss of sensory feedback from the hand (e.g., following brachial plexus injury) also results in a severe loss of voluntary hand movements (Nagano 1998). Such reports, however, tell us little about the potential for the recovery of digit and hand movements after less devastating dor ...
Slide 1
... SCM and trapezius muscles are innervated by motor neurons in the cervical spinal cord (NOT MEDULLA) Cranial part of XI misnomer (XI fibres temporarily join vague, then separate to exit skull) Course: Cervical SC axons exit SC laterally merge to form nerve foramen magnum briefly join ca ...
... SCM and trapezius muscles are innervated by motor neurons in the cervical spinal cord (NOT MEDULLA) Cranial part of XI misnomer (XI fibres temporarily join vague, then separate to exit skull) Course: Cervical SC axons exit SC laterally merge to form nerve foramen magnum briefly join ca ...
Endocrine and nervous systems
... No, because the sensations from both the right and left hand are carried by the spinal cord into the same hemisphere of the cerebrum No, because the sensations received separately by the left and right cerebral hemispheres from the right and left hands are integrated before hey are interpreted into ...
... No, because the sensations from both the right and left hand are carried by the spinal cord into the same hemisphere of the cerebrum No, because the sensations received separately by the left and right cerebral hemispheres from the right and left hands are integrated before hey are interpreted into ...
Biosc_48_Chapter_9_lecture
... Somewhat independent of innervation and will not atrophy if a nerve is cut (unlike skeletal muscle) Target may become even more sensitive to destimulation; called denervation hypersensitivity Cardiac muscle and some smooth muscle contract rhythmically without nerve stimulation. Autonomic innerva ...
... Somewhat independent of innervation and will not atrophy if a nerve is cut (unlike skeletal muscle) Target may become even more sensitive to destimulation; called denervation hypersensitivity Cardiac muscle and some smooth muscle contract rhythmically without nerve stimulation. Autonomic innerva ...
Proceedings of 2013 BMI the Second International Conference on
... unable to move. Conventional assistive devices for people with severe motor disabilities are inherently limited, often relying on residual motor function for their use. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) aim to provide a more powerful signal source by tapping into the rich information content that is ...
... unable to move. Conventional assistive devices for people with severe motor disabilities are inherently limited, often relying on residual motor function for their use. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) aim to provide a more powerful signal source by tapping into the rich information content that is ...
Deficits of brainstem and spinal cord functions after
... can lead to severe neurodevelopmental disorders. Studies in humans and animal models mainly focused on cerebral outcomes, and little is known about the mechanisms that may affect the brainstem and the spinal cord. Dysfunctions of neuromodulatory systems, such as the serotonergic (5-HT) projections, ...
... can lead to severe neurodevelopmental disorders. Studies in humans and animal models mainly focused on cerebral outcomes, and little is known about the mechanisms that may affect the brainstem and the spinal cord. Dysfunctions of neuromodulatory systems, such as the serotonergic (5-HT) projections, ...
Brain oscillations in perception and memory
... 1.3. Selecti¨ ely distributed oscillatory systems in the brain } a general concept The idea of ‘distributed system’ plays an important role in the statements or theories of all scientists working on general aspects of the integrative brain activity. In Mountcastle’s words ‘ prominent among them is t ...
... 1.3. Selecti¨ ely distributed oscillatory systems in the brain } a general concept The idea of ‘distributed system’ plays an important role in the statements or theories of all scientists working on general aspects of the integrative brain activity. In Mountcastle’s words ‘ prominent among them is t ...
The Representation of Biological Classes in the Human Brain
... O’Toole et al., 2007; Connolly et al., 2012). This latter approach— coined recently as representational similarity analysis (RSA) (Kriegeskorte et al., 2008)—measures how categories are organized in abstract representational space, providing greater insight into underlying encoded dimensions. Kiani ...
... O’Toole et al., 2007; Connolly et al., 2012). This latter approach— coined recently as representational similarity analysis (RSA) (Kriegeskorte et al., 2008)—measures how categories are organized in abstract representational space, providing greater insight into underlying encoded dimensions. Kiani ...
Neural Machines for Music Recognition
... sorts of processes are going on that determine how the world is shaped. These processes generate patterns that are picked up by the senses to provide us with information about the state of the world. For instance, vibrations in the air are perceived as sound by the auditory system, and electromagnet ...
... sorts of processes are going on that determine how the world is shaped. These processes generate patterns that are picked up by the senses to provide us with information about the state of the world. For instance, vibrations in the air are perceived as sound by the auditory system, and electromagnet ...
Hearing in a diurnal, mute butterfly, Morpho peleides
... Yack, unpubl.). Although the VO has morphological features of a tympanal ear, there is little experimental evidence that it even functions in hearing. Only one physiological study has confirmed that nerve branches supplying the VO respond to sound (Yack et al., 2000). However, the species studied, Ha ...
... Yack, unpubl.). Although the VO has morphological features of a tympanal ear, there is little experimental evidence that it even functions in hearing. Only one physiological study has confirmed that nerve branches supplying the VO respond to sound (Yack et al., 2000). However, the species studied, Ha ...
Neurochemical excitation of propriospinal neurons facilitates
... administered in an effort to determine whether locomotor-like activity could break through. The antagonist was considered capable of blocking propriospinal transmission only if it blocked brain stemevoked locomotor-like activity at all stimulation strengths. For experiments involving neurochemical e ...
... administered in an effort to determine whether locomotor-like activity could break through. The antagonist was considered capable of blocking propriospinal transmission only if it blocked brain stemevoked locomotor-like activity at all stimulation strengths. For experiments involving neurochemical e ...
Zhang Yufeng - USD Biology
... – assesses the ability of subjects to withhold a prepotent response on a small subset of discrete ‘nogo’ trials, which are signalled by a discriminative sensory cue ...
... – assesses the ability of subjects to withhold a prepotent response on a small subset of discrete ‘nogo’ trials, which are signalled by a discriminative sensory cue ...
Neural networks engaged in milliseconds and seconds time
... repetitive movements in a smooth, continuous manner (Spencer et al. 2003). Ivry and colleagues suggested that the critical distinction between discrete and continuous movement timing is the way in which movements are controlled (Ivry et al. 2002; Spencer et al. 2003). For discrete movements, an expl ...
... repetitive movements in a smooth, continuous manner (Spencer et al. 2003). Ivry and colleagues suggested that the critical distinction between discrete and continuous movement timing is the way in which movements are controlled (Ivry et al. 2002; Spencer et al. 2003). For discrete movements, an expl ...
How Do Neurons Convey Information?
... Because we do not feel waves traveling around our bodies, the waves that carry the nervous system’s messages must be very small and restricted to the surface of neurons. Still, we can measure such waves and determine how they are produced by using electrical-stimulation and -recording techniques. If ...
... Because we do not feel waves traveling around our bodies, the waves that carry the nervous system’s messages must be very small and restricted to the surface of neurons. Still, we can measure such waves and determine how they are produced by using electrical-stimulation and -recording techniques. If ...
A Comparison of Neural Spike Classification Techniques.
... A number of techniques have been employed to classify spike shape. These spikes can be classified by characteristics such as amplitude and temporal features. Two of the classical optimal methods applied to neural spike classification are Template Matching (TM) and Principal Component analysis (PC) [ ...
... A number of techniques have been employed to classify spike shape. These spikes can be classified by characteristics such as amplitude and temporal features. Two of the classical optimal methods applied to neural spike classification are Template Matching (TM) and Principal Component analysis (PC) [ ...