Aminophylline
... assessed and the initial loading dose should be calculated on the basis that each 600 micrograms/kg of aminophylline (equivalent to about 500 micrograms/kg theophylline) will increase serum-theophylline concentration by 1 microgram/mL. In the management of chronic bronchospasm aminophylline may be g ...
... assessed and the initial loading dose should be calculated on the basis that each 600 micrograms/kg of aminophylline (equivalent to about 500 micrograms/kg theophylline) will increase serum-theophylline concentration by 1 microgram/mL. In the management of chronic bronchospasm aminophylline may be g ...
AIDS Drug Assistance Programs: Utilization, Program Restrictions
... • ADAPs with other cost-containment measures since April 1, 2009 – Arizona: reduced formulary – Arkansas: reduced formulary, lowered FPL to 200% – Colorado: reduced formulary – Hawaii: individuals with CD4>350 not currently on ARV therapy are not being enrolled (not pregnant women) – Iowa: reduced f ...
... • ADAPs with other cost-containment measures since April 1, 2009 – Arizona: reduced formulary – Arkansas: reduced formulary, lowered FPL to 200% – Colorado: reduced formulary – Hawaii: individuals with CD4>350 not currently on ARV therapy are not being enrolled (not pregnant women) – Iowa: reduced f ...
Title
... Crinum glaucum (family: Amaryllidaceae) is a bulbous plant widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments in certain regions of West Africa, especially in the South West of Nigeria (Burkhill, 1985). No literature is available on the pharmacological activities of this speci ...
... Crinum glaucum (family: Amaryllidaceae) is a bulbous plant widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments in certain regions of West Africa, especially in the South West of Nigeria (Burkhill, 1985). No literature is available on the pharmacological activities of this speci ...
Actavis v ICOS
... issue is whether an entitlement to make the priority claim has been established (c.f. Edwards Lifesciences v Cook Biotech [2009] FSR 27) and as to that only Actelion maintain the objection. However Lilly and Actelion agreed that I do not need to make any findings or consider the issue because Acteli ...
... issue is whether an entitlement to make the priority claim has been established (c.f. Edwards Lifesciences v Cook Biotech [2009] FSR 27) and as to that only Actelion maintain the objection. However Lilly and Actelion agreed that I do not need to make any findings or consider the issue because Acteli ...
Paediatric formulations of L-arginine for the use in urea cycle disorders
... supplementation of non-deficient rats led to decreased weight loss on the first day post-injury, and increased wound healing in rats subjected to dorsal skin wounding. L-arginine is a basic, genetically coded amino acid that is an essential amino acid for human development. It is a precursor of nitr ...
... supplementation of non-deficient rats led to decreased weight loss on the first day post-injury, and increased wound healing in rats subjected to dorsal skin wounding. L-arginine is a basic, genetically coded amino acid that is an essential amino acid for human development. It is a precursor of nitr ...
Medicare Part D (cont.)
... ¾ Educational grants and research funding could raise issues under the kickback provisions if they are conditioned in whole or in part on the “purchase of product” even if the purpose of the program is legitimate. ¾ “Grant making functions” should be separated from “sales and marketing functions.” T ...
... ¾ Educational grants and research funding could raise issues under the kickback provisions if they are conditioned in whole or in part on the “purchase of product” even if the purpose of the program is legitimate. ¾ “Grant making functions” should be separated from “sales and marketing functions.” T ...
Gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) - World Health Organization
... confirming blood or urine measurements and "should be interpreted with care" 29. Mild hypothermia has been frequently reported in hospitalized cases of GBL (and 1,4 BD) intoxication 30, 31. GBL intoxication can often induce nausea and vomiting especially when co-abused with alcohol 32. The effects o ...
... confirming blood or urine measurements and "should be interpreted with care" 29. Mild hypothermia has been frequently reported in hospitalized cases of GBL (and 1,4 BD) intoxication 30, 31. GBL intoxication can often induce nausea and vomiting especially when co-abused with alcohol 32. The effects o ...
Mechanistic Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling of
... transitions: m/z 383.2→299.1 and 336.2→252.2, respectively. The calibration curves for GNE-629 and GNE-892 were prepared by plotting the appropriate peak area ratios of analyte versus internal standard against the known concentrations of GNE-629 and GNE-892 in plasma or CSF using a quadratic regress ...
... transitions: m/z 383.2→299.1 and 336.2→252.2, respectively. The calibration curves for GNE-629 and GNE-892 were prepared by plotting the appropriate peak area ratios of analyte versus internal standard against the known concentrations of GNE-629 and GNE-892 in plasma or CSF using a quadratic regress ...
Milk and Dairy Beef Drug Residue Prevention 2012
... The goal of our nation’s dairy farmers is to produce the best tasting and most wholesome milk possible. Our consumers demand the best from us and we meet the needs of our consumers every day. Day in and day out, we provide the best in animal husbandry and animal care practices for our animals. Conti ...
... The goal of our nation’s dairy farmers is to produce the best tasting and most wholesome milk possible. Our consumers demand the best from us and we meet the needs of our consumers every day. Day in and day out, we provide the best in animal husbandry and animal care practices for our animals. Conti ...
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF LIQUID
... Abstract: An isocratic, reversed phase-liquid-chromatographic method was developed for the quantitative determination of levodopa and carbidopa and entacapone in combined-dosage form. Agilent zorbax sb-C18 (250mm*4.6mm*5µ) column with mobile phase containing water pH 4.0 adjusted with sodium dihydro ...
... Abstract: An isocratic, reversed phase-liquid-chromatographic method was developed for the quantitative determination of levodopa and carbidopa and entacapone in combined-dosage form. Agilent zorbax sb-C18 (250mm*4.6mm*5µ) column with mobile phase containing water pH 4.0 adjusted with sodium dihydro ...
Full-Text PDF
... To fill up this gap, various new biomarkers are under consideration that hopefully will have a specificity and sensitivity high enough to out-perform and replace in the future traditional LTs [20–40]. However, it seems that none of the biomarkers listed under early recognition of liver injury fulfil ...
... To fill up this gap, various new biomarkers are under consideration that hopefully will have a specificity and sensitivity high enough to out-perform and replace in the future traditional LTs [20–40]. However, it seems that none of the biomarkers listed under early recognition of liver injury fulfil ...
AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS Adolescents and Anabolic
... 12-week cycles. The injectable forms are favored by users because they are less hepatotoxic than oral preparations. However, the oral preparations tend to be cleared more rapidly from the system and may be preferred when drug testing is anticipated. The simultaneous use of multiple steroid preparati ...
... 12-week cycles. The injectable forms are favored by users because they are less hepatotoxic than oral preparations. However, the oral preparations tend to be cleared more rapidly from the system and may be preferred when drug testing is anticipated. The simultaneous use of multiple steroid preparati ...
Product Monograph
... Exposure is increased when tofacitinib is coadministered with medications that result in both moderate inhibition of CYP3A4 and inhibition of CYP2C19 (e.g., fluconazole). Drugs prolonging the QTc interval: The use of fluconazole in patients concurrently taking drugs metabolized by the Cytochrome P45 ...
... Exposure is increased when tofacitinib is coadministered with medications that result in both moderate inhibition of CYP3A4 and inhibition of CYP2C19 (e.g., fluconazole). Drugs prolonging the QTc interval: The use of fluconazole in patients concurrently taking drugs metabolized by the Cytochrome P45 ...
Salvia Divinorum
... variety is quite bitter, although less so than the Wasson clone. There are a few other strains being maintained, some of which were grown from seed, but these are not in general circulation. It is thought by many botanists that Salvia Divinorum is a cultigen. It is not known to exist in the wild, an ...
... variety is quite bitter, although less so than the Wasson clone. There are a few other strains being maintained, some of which were grown from seed, but these are not in general circulation. It is thought by many botanists that Salvia Divinorum is a cultigen. It is not known to exist in the wild, an ...
acetaminophen and codeine phosphate tablets
... Concentration-Efficacy Relationships – The minimum effective analgesic concentration will vary widely among patients, especially among patients who have been previously treated with potent agonist opioids. The minimum effective analgesic concentration of codeine for any individual patient may increa ...
... Concentration-Efficacy Relationships – The minimum effective analgesic concentration will vary widely among patients, especially among patients who have been previously treated with potent agonist opioids. The minimum effective analgesic concentration of codeine for any individual patient may increa ...
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral oxycodone in
... O-demethylation of codeine has been shown to account for most, if not all, of the analgesic activity of codeine.6,7 Oxymorphone is a remarkably potent -opioid ligand, with 2 to 5 times higher -opioid receptor affinity and in vivo analgesic potency than morphine.8 –11 However, recent data showed th ...
... O-demethylation of codeine has been shown to account for most, if not all, of the analgesic activity of codeine.6,7 Oxymorphone is a remarkably potent -opioid ligand, with 2 to 5 times higher -opioid receptor affinity and in vivo analgesic potency than morphine.8 –11 However, recent data showed th ...
The Role of Intrathecal Drugs in the Treatment of Acute Pain
... drug, and the most closely studied drugs are the opioid analgesics. After spinal administration, typically within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the lumbar cistern, the drug is distributed within CSF. Ummenhofer et al. (8) reported a series of elegant experiments in which the concentration of morp ...
... drug, and the most closely studied drugs are the opioid analgesics. After spinal administration, typically within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the lumbar cistern, the drug is distributed within CSF. Ummenhofer et al. (8) reported a series of elegant experiments in which the concentration of morp ...
The Proton Pump Inhibitor, Omeprazole, but Not Lansoprazole or
... lansoprazole and omeprazole would be 4.9 and 3.9, respectively [calculated as recommended in the Draft U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Guidance for Industry, 2006, http://www.fda.gov/ Drugs/DevelopmentApprovalProcess/DevelopmentResources/ DrugInteractionsLabeling/ucm080499.htm], which means ...
... lansoprazole and omeprazole would be 4.9 and 3.9, respectively [calculated as recommended in the Draft U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Guidance for Industry, 2006, http://www.fda.gov/ Drugs/DevelopmentApprovalProcess/DevelopmentResources/ DrugInteractionsLabeling/ucm080499.htm], which means ...
Review Articles` Abstracts - source url
... with abdominal pain, anemia, liver function abnormalities, and an elevated blood lead level. The patient was found to have been taking the Ayurvedic medicine Jambrulin prior to presentation. Chemical analysis of the medication showed high levels of lead. Following treatment with an oral chelating ag ...
... with abdominal pain, anemia, liver function abnormalities, and an elevated blood lead level. The patient was found to have been taking the Ayurvedic medicine Jambrulin prior to presentation. Chemical analysis of the medication showed high levels of lead. Following treatment with an oral chelating ag ...
5 1 Prereview - World Health Organization
... lisdexamfetamine into L-lysine, a naturally occurring essential amino acid and active damphetamine which is responsible for the drug’s activity. Gastrointestinal pH does not alter this conversion and the attachment of the L-lysine slows down the relative amount of d-amphetamine available to the bloo ...
... lisdexamfetamine into L-lysine, a naturally occurring essential amino acid and active damphetamine which is responsible for the drug’s activity. Gastrointestinal pH does not alter this conversion and the attachment of the L-lysine slows down the relative amount of d-amphetamine available to the bloo ...
Which neuroreceptors mediate the subjective effects of MDMA in
... (8 mg intramuscularly) signi®cantly attenuated the self-rated `high' but not the `rush' induced by 40 mg intravenous cocaine (Sherer et al., 1989). Similarly, Nurnberger and colleagues (1984) found that 0.014 mg/kg intramuscular haloperidol attenuated observer-rated `excitation' and `elation' respon ...
... (8 mg intramuscularly) signi®cantly attenuated the self-rated `high' but not the `rush' induced by 40 mg intravenous cocaine (Sherer et al., 1989). Similarly, Nurnberger and colleagues (1984) found that 0.014 mg/kg intramuscular haloperidol attenuated observer-rated `excitation' and `elation' respon ...
Epidural Analgesia and Anesthesia
... proximity to their site of action either at receptors in the spinal cord or at nerves as they leave the spinal cord. Binding to specific receptors is maximized, producing more profound analgesia and allowing a lower total drug dose to be used compared with systemic administration. This dose reductio ...
... proximity to their site of action either at receptors in the spinal cord or at nerves as they leave the spinal cord. Binding to specific receptors is maximized, producing more profound analgesia and allowing a lower total drug dose to be used compared with systemic administration. This dose reductio ...
PREZISTA® (darunavir) oral suspension PREZISTA® (darunavir
... -----------------------------DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION----------------------------• Treatment-naïve adult patients and treatment-experienced adult patients with no darunavir resistance associated substitutions: 800 mg (one 800 mg tablet) taken with ritonavir 100 mg once daily and with food. (2.1) • ...
... -----------------------------DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION----------------------------• Treatment-naïve adult patients and treatment-experienced adult patients with no darunavir resistance associated substitutions: 800 mg (one 800 mg tablet) taken with ritonavir 100 mg once daily and with food. (2.1) • ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.