6.2 notes
... – Drug is needed to continue emotional or psychological well-being – Powerful factor in continued drug use – Any drug can become a focus of psychological dependence – No physical withdrawal ...
... – Drug is needed to continue emotional or psychological well-being – Powerful factor in continued drug use – Any drug can become a focus of psychological dependence – No physical withdrawal ...
Pharmacology DRUGS2014-11-19 09:1841 KB
... Chronic intake leads to osteoporosis – Continuous (Type C) Produce side effect after long period of time – Delayed (Type D) Withdrawal syndrome – End-of-Use (Type E) ...
... Chronic intake leads to osteoporosis – Continuous (Type C) Produce side effect after long period of time – Delayed (Type D) Withdrawal syndrome – End-of-Use (Type E) ...
SMU-DDE-Assignments-Scheme of Evaluation PROGRAM Bachelor
... that perfuse the gut and the blood-brain barrier or the walls of capillary that perfuse the brain. Finally, after bringing about its effect, a drug should be eliminated at a reasonable rate by metabolic inactivation, by excretion from the body, or by a combination of these processes. ...
... that perfuse the gut and the blood-brain barrier or the walls of capillary that perfuse the brain. Finally, after bringing about its effect, a drug should be eliminated at a reasonable rate by metabolic inactivation, by excretion from the body, or by a combination of these processes. ...
Enalaprilmaleate - McGraw-Hill
... impotence, decreased sex drive, blood disorders, bone marrow depression, hepatitis, cough, pneumonitis, upper respiratory tract infection, asthma, bronchitis, difficulty breathing, loss of head hair, increased skin sensitivity to light, increased sweating, rash (possibly serious), swelling of tongue ...
... impotence, decreased sex drive, blood disorders, bone marrow depression, hepatitis, cough, pneumonitis, upper respiratory tract infection, asthma, bronchitis, difficulty breathing, loss of head hair, increased skin sensitivity to light, increased sweating, rash (possibly serious), swelling of tongue ...
Module 22 Notes
... Alcohol _______ the parts of the brain responsible for controlling ________ and making ________ Alcohol, Memory, and Sleep Studies have shown that alcohol impairs memory by ________the processing of events into ______ term memory Alcohol plays another trick with our memory, experiences from the ____ ...
... Alcohol _______ the parts of the brain responsible for controlling ________ and making ________ Alcohol, Memory, and Sleep Studies have shown that alcohol impairs memory by ________the processing of events into ______ term memory Alcohol plays another trick with our memory, experiences from the ____ ...
UNIT 5- Drugs - fernandezappsych
... Withdrawal – discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing drug use Physiological – physical need for a drug, without the drug one may have withdrawal symptoms (Ex. pain) Psychological – intense desire for the drug because they are convinced they need it in order to perform or feel a certain ...
... Withdrawal – discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing drug use Physiological – physical need for a drug, without the drug one may have withdrawal symptoms (Ex. pain) Psychological – intense desire for the drug because they are convinced they need it in order to perform or feel a certain ...
ISHIK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY
... Enteric coated tablets: The drugs which are destroyed by the gastric juices in the stomach, arecoated with keratin, shellac and cellulose acid phosphate. These substances are not dissolved by the acid juice of the stomach, but are dissolved in the intestinal juice (alkaline) only. ◦ Preventing gas ...
... Enteric coated tablets: The drugs which are destroyed by the gastric juices in the stomach, arecoated with keratin, shellac and cellulose acid phosphate. These substances are not dissolved by the acid juice of the stomach, but are dissolved in the intestinal juice (alkaline) only. ◦ Preventing gas ...
2-Renal tubular excretion
... drug transport (expel drugs from intestinal mucosa into the lumen). • -Inhibition of (P-gp) (similar to enzyme inhibition) will lead to increase bioavailability of certain drugs. • -P-gp inhibitors include verapamil, grapefruit . • -Important drugs that are usually expelled by P-gp include digoxin, ...
... drug transport (expel drugs from intestinal mucosa into the lumen). • -Inhibition of (P-gp) (similar to enzyme inhibition) will lead to increase bioavailability of certain drugs. • -P-gp inhibitors include verapamil, grapefruit . • -Important drugs that are usually expelled by P-gp include digoxin, ...
Memorandum from Leo Offerhaus, MD, PhD, on
... 4. Methyldopa. This is a moderately effective antihypertensive which has over the years been kept on the list on the basis of one – now very dated - single British trial in pregnant hypertensives, mainly because of its relative safety. The main problem is that data on the definite outcome of pregnan ...
... 4. Methyldopa. This is a moderately effective antihypertensive which has over the years been kept on the list on the basis of one – now very dated - single British trial in pregnant hypertensives, mainly because of its relative safety. The main problem is that data on the definite outcome of pregnan ...
THE DISTURBANCES OF ABSORPTION
... bioavailability means the rate and extent (amount) to which the active substance or active moiety is absorbed from a pharmaceutical form, and becomes available at the site of action (in the general circulation). Bioavailability is defined as the fraction of an administered dose that reaches the syst ...
... bioavailability means the rate and extent (amount) to which the active substance or active moiety is absorbed from a pharmaceutical form, and becomes available at the site of action (in the general circulation). Bioavailability is defined as the fraction of an administered dose that reaches the syst ...
Lecture 4 Outline – Administration, Absorption
... Heavy metals very difficult to remove B. Elimination by exhaled breath ...
... Heavy metals very difficult to remove B. Elimination by exhaled breath ...
Pharmacologic Principles – Chapter 2
... and (2) the skin becomes a barrier that controls the release of the medication Parenteral medications should have a pH similar to the pH of blood. They have the most immediate effect on the body with 100% absorption. Pharmacokinetics – what is the drug’s onset, peak action, and duration. Occurs thro ...
... and (2) the skin becomes a barrier that controls the release of the medication Parenteral medications should have a pH similar to the pH of blood. They have the most immediate effect on the body with 100% absorption. Pharmacokinetics – what is the drug’s onset, peak action, and duration. Occurs thro ...
PowerPoint 簡報
... minerals, ∴ ↓Ca, Fe, Mg & Zn abs. (6) Damage the intestinal mucosa. Ex.: chemotherapeutic agents, NSAIDS, ...
... minerals, ∴ ↓Ca, Fe, Mg & Zn abs. (6) Damage the intestinal mucosa. Ex.: chemotherapeutic agents, NSAIDS, ...
Routes of Excretion
... ◦ 2nd messenger systems ◦ more than 50 G protein coupled receptors have been identified ◦ control many cellular processes ...
... ◦ 2nd messenger systems ◦ more than 50 G protein coupled receptors have been identified ◦ control many cellular processes ...
Pharmacokinetics
... crosses gut barrier-----must escape liver (first pass metabolism) amount absorbed is bioavailability ...
... crosses gut barrier-----must escape liver (first pass metabolism) amount absorbed is bioavailability ...
Module 55: The Biomedical Therapies, Summary Notes
... combination with psychotherapy (such as systematic desensitization) can help a person with phobias and other fear triggering stimuli (obsessive compulsive disorders). ...
... combination with psychotherapy (such as systematic desensitization) can help a person with phobias and other fear triggering stimuli (obsessive compulsive disorders). ...
02. Factors modifying drug actions
... It affects drug action due to genetic differences among the races & certain persons in same ...
... It affects drug action due to genetic differences among the races & certain persons in same ...
1 Thus , Knowledge of physicochemical properties
... covalent bond) it should be ionized in solution. ♦ Administered orally or as suspension , so it possess Oral Bioavailability (considering that not all ...
... covalent bond) it should be ionized in solution. ♦ Administered orally or as suspension , so it possess Oral Bioavailability (considering that not all ...
Slide 1
... Food, acidity, osmolarity (滲透壓) Small intestine – main absorption site large surface care carrier systems transit time ...
... Food, acidity, osmolarity (滲透壓) Small intestine – main absorption site large surface care carrier systems transit time ...
Drugs Interactions May 2010
... • Direct chemical interaction e.g. Antacids + Tetracycline's ,Iron form insoluble complexes ,this can be prevented if drugs are administered at 2hrs apart. • Gut motility: drugs which reduce gastric emptying delay absorption of other drugs e.g anti cholinergics , antidepressants ...
... • Direct chemical interaction e.g. Antacids + Tetracycline's ,Iron form insoluble complexes ,this can be prevented if drugs are administered at 2hrs apart. • Gut motility: drugs which reduce gastric emptying delay absorption of other drugs e.g anti cholinergics , antidepressants ...
document
... Stimulants such as Adderall increase attention but also raise blood pressure and heart rate. These side effects can be made worse when prescription drugs are not taken as prescribed or are abused in combination with other substances—including alcohol, other prescription drugs, and even over-the-coun ...
... Stimulants such as Adderall increase attention but also raise blood pressure and heart rate. These side effects can be made worse when prescription drugs are not taken as prescribed or are abused in combination with other substances—including alcohol, other prescription drugs, and even over-the-coun ...
IOW Dementia MUR Steve Bleakley Nov 2010
... 2D6 and 3A4 inhibitors and inducers with donepezil and galantamine St Johns wort and carbamazepine with anything Drugs which worsen or exacerbate side effects Lithium with any drug which alters renal or ...
... 2D6 and 3A4 inhibitors and inducers with donepezil and galantamine St Johns wort and carbamazepine with anything Drugs which worsen or exacerbate side effects Lithium with any drug which alters renal or ...
How Drugs Enter The Body (1)
... substance till you begin to feel its effect. The larger amount of a substance in blood stream the stronger the effects. An individual can reach the maximum positive effect dose but their level still continue rise resulting negative side effects. ...
... substance till you begin to feel its effect. The larger amount of a substance in blood stream the stronger the effects. An individual can reach the maximum positive effect dose but their level still continue rise resulting negative side effects. ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.