Recreational Drugs
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CHEMICAL MESSENGERS
... (e.g. Alzheimer’s Disease is related to loss of cholinergic function in brain) 5. Endorphins - thought to modulate pain relief and to be associated with naturally occurring pleasures or “highs” 6. GABA - (gamma-aminobutyric acid) referred to as an inhibitory transmitter because when it binds to rece ...
... (e.g. Alzheimer’s Disease is related to loss of cholinergic function in brain) 5. Endorphins - thought to modulate pain relief and to be associated with naturally occurring pleasures or “highs” 6. GABA - (gamma-aminobutyric acid) referred to as an inhibitory transmitter because when it binds to rece ...
Pharmacokinetiks and Pharmacodynamics
... The amount and rate of absorption are determined by several factors: Physical nature of the dosage form Presence or absence of food in the stomach Composition of the GI contents Gastric or intestinal pH Mesenteric blood flow Concurrent administration with other drugs ...
... The amount and rate of absorption are determined by several factors: Physical nature of the dosage form Presence or absence of food in the stomach Composition of the GI contents Gastric or intestinal pH Mesenteric blood flow Concurrent administration with other drugs ...
Preterm infants
... maturation. By the end of this period, most systems function at adult levels. Between 2 and 12 years of age drug clearance greatly increases and often exceeds adult levels. Half-lives are shorter and dosing requirements are frequently greater than for adults ...
... maturation. By the end of this period, most systems function at adult levels. Between 2 and 12 years of age drug clearance greatly increases and often exceeds adult levels. Half-lives are shorter and dosing requirements are frequently greater than for adults ...
General Issues
... understand the neurochemical system it interacts with. In other words, we need to understand how Neurotransmitter X - is produced & released from the pre-synaptic neuron - acts on the receptors of the post-synaptic neuron - is removed from the synaptic cleft ...
... understand the neurochemical system it interacts with. In other words, we need to understand how Neurotransmitter X - is produced & released from the pre-synaptic neuron - acts on the receptors of the post-synaptic neuron - is removed from the synaptic cleft ...
5 Legal Documents Every Family Caregiver Needs
... thinner to prevent a stroke. The combination of the two drugs can cause your blood to become too thin, causing a serious bleeding problem. This is the result of a drug interaction. Many medicines have powerful ingredients that can interact with other drugs and even some foods and beverages. Drug int ...
... thinner to prevent a stroke. The combination of the two drugs can cause your blood to become too thin, causing a serious bleeding problem. This is the result of a drug interaction. Many medicines have powerful ingredients that can interact with other drugs and even some foods and beverages. Drug int ...
Chapter_10_Basic_Pharmaceutics
... Concentration and Effect Drug Concentration • A better way to relate the amount of drug in the body. • Its effect is to determine drug concentrations in the body’s fluids. • Blood is generally used because of its rapid equilibrium between the site of administration and the site of ...
... Concentration and Effect Drug Concentration • A better way to relate the amount of drug in the body. • Its effect is to determine drug concentrations in the body’s fluids. • Blood is generally used because of its rapid equilibrium between the site of administration and the site of ...
Drug - Trimble County Schools
... Soluble in water and taken intravenously Produces a high accompanied by drowsiness and a sense of well-being lasting 3-4 hours Diluents include Quinine, Starch, Lactose, Procaine (Novocain), Mannitol ...
... Soluble in water and taken intravenously Produces a high accompanied by drowsiness and a sense of well-being lasting 3-4 hours Diluents include Quinine, Starch, Lactose, Procaine (Novocain), Mannitol ...
Journal 12/6 - Lake Crystal
... “Cannabis smokers end up with five times more carbon monoxide in their bloodstream (than tobacco smokers),“ • Carbon monoxide causes heart disease and high blood pressure and at high levels is toxic and can lead to death • Gateway drug- a lower level drug that can possibly lead to the use of other h ...
... “Cannabis smokers end up with five times more carbon monoxide in their bloodstream (than tobacco smokers),“ • Carbon monoxide causes heart disease and high blood pressure and at high levels is toxic and can lead to death • Gateway drug- a lower level drug that can possibly lead to the use of other h ...
Illegal Drugs - Henry County Schools
... produced artificially in a laboratory. • Regardless of how they are taken the effects are deadly ...
... produced artificially in a laboratory. • Regardless of how they are taken the effects are deadly ...
Psychopharmacology
... Sites of action - located on or in particular cells in the central nervous system One of the factors determining the rate at which the drug that is present in the bloodstream reaches sites of action within the brain is lipid solubility All are eventually excreted – primarily by the kidneys Enzymatic ...
... Sites of action - located on or in particular cells in the central nervous system One of the factors determining the rate at which the drug that is present in the bloodstream reaches sites of action within the brain is lipid solubility All are eventually excreted – primarily by the kidneys Enzymatic ...
Routes of Administration
... Drug is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream More potent than oral route because drug directly enters the blood and bypasses the liver ...
... Drug is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream More potent than oral route because drug directly enters the blood and bypasses the liver ...
Centre for Wellbeing
... A desire to experience an altered state of consciousness has been a feature of human culture from time immemorial. In the search for mood and mind altering substances, people have experimented and taken risks. Today we are surrounded by legal drugs in coffee, alcohol and cigarettes, let alone prescr ...
... A desire to experience an altered state of consciousness has been a feature of human culture from time immemorial. In the search for mood and mind altering substances, people have experimented and taken risks. Today we are surrounded by legal drugs in coffee, alcohol and cigarettes, let alone prescr ...
19 Common pharmacology
... • in case of hypoalbuminemia (liver diseases, kidney disease, protein starvation, elderly): increasing of free fraction of a drug, increasing of pharmacological activity, development of toxic effects • high level of connection to blood proteins: diazepam, butamid, difenin, indometacin, furosemid, q ...
... • in case of hypoalbuminemia (liver diseases, kidney disease, protein starvation, elderly): increasing of free fraction of a drug, increasing of pharmacological activity, development of toxic effects • high level of connection to blood proteins: diazepam, butamid, difenin, indometacin, furosemid, q ...
DRUG INTERACTIONS
... Increased GI motility caused by metoclopramide may decrease cefprozil absorption GI alkalinization by omeprazole may decrease absorption of ketoconazole ...
... Increased GI motility caused by metoclopramide may decrease cefprozil absorption GI alkalinization by omeprazole may decrease absorption of ketoconazole ...
week3am
... set of receptors than is the endogenous nt ◦ 5HT – (serotonin) – attaches to more than 15 nt receptors – ◦ Buspirone (BuSpar) attaches to 5HT 1A but no affinity for other 5HT receptors. ...
... set of receptors than is the endogenous nt ◦ 5HT – (serotonin) – attaches to more than 15 nt receptors – ◦ Buspirone (BuSpar) attaches to 5HT 1A but no affinity for other 5HT receptors. ...
Psychopharmacology:
... of the GIT depending on their lipid solubility , the GIT local PH, motility and surface area and are then absorbed into the blood ,drugs which affect acidity or motility will affect the absorption. ...
... of the GIT depending on their lipid solubility , the GIT local PH, motility and surface area and are then absorbed into the blood ,drugs which affect acidity or motility will affect the absorption. ...
Homework 7
... Due to legal restrictions and federal drug safety laws we cannot contact you directly except to send this request. We here at Domestic Registered Uniform Global Specialists create pharmaceuticals which help save lives and better the quality of the human experience across the world. Our drugs make Ea ...
... Due to legal restrictions and federal drug safety laws we cannot contact you directly except to send this request. We here at Domestic Registered Uniform Global Specialists create pharmaceuticals which help save lives and better the quality of the human experience across the world. Our drugs make Ea ...
9-13-04 Factors Affecting Action of Drugs
... • Main organ of transformation is liver • Drug microsomal metabolizing system or cytochrome P450 system • Converts lipid soluble compounds to water soluble – Easily eliminated in the urine ...
... • Main organ of transformation is liver • Drug microsomal metabolizing system or cytochrome P450 system • Converts lipid soluble compounds to water soluble – Easily eliminated in the urine ...
Psych 260
... on the quiz, and hand it in along with your scantron. Be sure to put your name on both the scantron and your quiz!) 1. ___________ refers to the process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabolized, and then excreted from the body. a. Neuropharmacology b. Pharmacokinetics c. ...
... on the quiz, and hand it in along with your scantron. Be sure to put your name on both the scantron and your quiz!) 1. ___________ refers to the process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabolized, and then excreted from the body. a. Neuropharmacology b. Pharmacokinetics c. ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.