Forensics Toxicology PPT
... drugs and other substances a person may use for medicinal, recreational, or criminal purposes Methods of exposure: 1. Ingestion through gastrointestinal system 2. Inhalation into lungs 3. Injection into bloodstream 4. Absorption through skin ...
... drugs and other substances a person may use for medicinal, recreational, or criminal purposes Methods of exposure: 1. Ingestion through gastrointestinal system 2. Inhalation into lungs 3. Injection into bloodstream 4. Absorption through skin ...
The Drug Discovery Process
... Discovery Develop an assay to evaluate activity of compounds on the target - in vitro (e.g. enzyme assay) - in vivo (animal model or pharmacodynamic assay) ...
... Discovery Develop an assay to evaluate activity of compounds on the target - in vitro (e.g. enzyme assay) - in vivo (animal model or pharmacodynamic assay) ...
Introduction to Psychology - Monona Grove School District
... triggers a variety of effects, including mild ...
... triggers a variety of effects, including mild ...
No Slide Title
... D + R = DR > pharmacological effect Drug receptor interactions may involve many different types of chemical bonds, but usually weak non-covalent interactions that are reversible (For example, ionic or electrostatic interactions) Drug associates and then rapidly dissociates ...
... D + R = DR > pharmacological effect Drug receptor interactions may involve many different types of chemical bonds, but usually weak non-covalent interactions that are reversible (For example, ionic or electrostatic interactions) Drug associates and then rapidly dissociates ...
Chapter 10 Powerpoint
... Researchers raced to create nearly a dozen new candidate drugs that block COX-2 alone. This work resulted in the emergence of a new class of medicines in the late 1990s called COX-2 inhibitors. Two wildly popular and heavily prescribed COX-2 inhibitors are Vioxx and Celebrex. These new “superaspiri ...
... Researchers raced to create nearly a dozen new candidate drugs that block COX-2 alone. This work resulted in the emergence of a new class of medicines in the late 1990s called COX-2 inhibitors. Two wildly popular and heavily prescribed COX-2 inhibitors are Vioxx and Celebrex. These new “superaspiri ...
Explanation
... Use of drugs that results in physiological or psychological harm to the user (purposes other than those intended in medicine.) Explanation: ...
... Use of drugs that results in physiological or psychological harm to the user (purposes other than those intended in medicine.) Explanation: ...
Drugs Hanson 5
... - Summation of effects of drugs taken concurrently • Antagonistic (inhibitory) effects - One drug cancels or blocks effects of another • Potentiative (synergistic) effects - Effect of a drug is enhanced by another drug or substance ...
... - Summation of effects of drugs taken concurrently • Antagonistic (inhibitory) effects - One drug cancels or blocks effects of another • Potentiative (synergistic) effects - Effect of a drug is enhanced by another drug or substance ...
Document
... E has little tendency to produce antiandrogenic effects 26 In the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers: A effective initial therapy may utilize antacids, sucralfate, or famotidine* B recurrence of ulcers happens in less than 10% of patients upon cessation of therapy with H2 antagonists C omepraz ...
... E has little tendency to produce antiandrogenic effects 26 In the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers: A effective initial therapy may utilize antacids, sucralfate, or famotidine* B recurrence of ulcers happens in less than 10% of patients upon cessation of therapy with H2 antagonists C omepraz ...
Combined CBRT for 147 and 07 Posts of Drugs Inspector
... Which one of the following antibacterial drugs will remain in body for longest duration after single dose administration? ...
... Which one of the following antibacterial drugs will remain in body for longest duration after single dose administration? ...
Drugs ppt
... • P. 257in paper text heroin under scope, b image with mercuric iodine most useful • Also, infrared tests and spectrophotometry can identify substance ...
... • P. 257in paper text heroin under scope, b image with mercuric iodine most useful • Also, infrared tests and spectrophotometry can identify substance ...
Rational prescription
... Appropriate drug, dose, route and duration Simple regimen Avoid drugs if therapeutic advantage not supported by independent evidence Avoid drugs with poor risk/benefit ratios Review regularly and terminate if no longer needed ...
... Appropriate drug, dose, route and duration Simple regimen Avoid drugs if therapeutic advantage not supported by independent evidence Avoid drugs with poor risk/benefit ratios Review regularly and terminate if no longer needed ...
Medications - Metoprolol
... bronchodilatory effects of terbutaline. Monitor patient. Verapamil: May increase effects of both drugs. Monitor cardiac function closely, and decrease dosages as needed. Drug-herb. Ma-huang: May decrease antihypertensive effects. Discourage use together. Drug-food. Food: May increase absorption. Enc ...
... bronchodilatory effects of terbutaline. Monitor patient. Verapamil: May increase effects of both drugs. Monitor cardiac function closely, and decrease dosages as needed. Drug-herb. Ma-huang: May decrease antihypertensive effects. Discourage use together. Drug-food. Food: May increase absorption. Enc ...
Pharmacology - practical courses
... Contents and organisation of practical courses and lectures, required and recommended textbooks. Conditions for credit. Pharmacology - definition, basic terminology, subspecializations, drug nomenclature. Introduction to the prescription terminology. Classification of drug preparations. Pharmacopoea ...
... Contents and organisation of practical courses and lectures, required and recommended textbooks. Conditions for credit. Pharmacology - definition, basic terminology, subspecializations, drug nomenclature. Introduction to the prescription terminology. Classification of drug preparations. Pharmacopoea ...
Sedative hypnotic
... “Z Drugs” are a group of nonbenzodiazepine drugs with effects similar to benzodiazepines which are used in the treatment of insomnia and whose names mostly start with the letter “Z”. ...
... “Z Drugs” are a group of nonbenzodiazepine drugs with effects similar to benzodiazepines which are used in the treatment of insomnia and whose names mostly start with the letter “Z”. ...
September 2016 - Allina Health
... “How do I interpret a report that shows (1) only the parent drug with no metabolite; or, (2) only metabolite and not the parent drug? Does this mean non-compliance?” This scenario can occur with compliant patients and is most commonly seen with opioid drugs. The “missing” parent drug or metabolite m ...
... “How do I interpret a report that shows (1) only the parent drug with no metabolite; or, (2) only metabolite and not the parent drug? Does this mean non-compliance?” This scenario can occur with compliant patients and is most commonly seen with opioid drugs. The “missing” parent drug or metabolite m ...
Review Questions on Basic Pharmacology
... Review Questions on Basic Pharmacology. Make a list of your answers & then check them against the Answer Key 1. An antagonist is a type of drug that: A.has maximal efficacy B.has affinity for a receptor but little efficacy C.binds to a receptor and activates it D.has efficacy but low affinity E.decr ...
... Review Questions on Basic Pharmacology. Make a list of your answers & then check them against the Answer Key 1. An antagonist is a type of drug that: A.has maximal efficacy B.has affinity for a receptor but little efficacy C.binds to a receptor and activates it D.has efficacy but low affinity E.decr ...
Drug Use Misuse and Abuse
... (our bodies naturally occurring stimulant). Examples of these drugs would be Adderall, Ritalin. Some side effects may include the following… increased sense of alertness, decreased appetite, decreased need to sleep, enhancement in physical performance, sense of well-being and euphoria. Extreme react ...
... (our bodies naturally occurring stimulant). Examples of these drugs would be Adderall, Ritalin. Some side effects may include the following… increased sense of alertness, decreased appetite, decreased need to sleep, enhancement in physical performance, sense of well-being and euphoria. Extreme react ...
Nuffield Free Standing Mathematics Activity
... Drug clearance … …. is concerned with the rate at which an active drug is removed from your body. ...
... Drug clearance … …. is concerned with the rate at which an active drug is removed from your body. ...
Chapter 17
... o Potency: The dose of the drug that is required to produce a desired therapeutic effect Metabolism Biotransformation: Transforming a drug so it can be metabolized in the liver with some occurring in the kidneys and blood Excretion Controlled by the kidneys – Drugs are filtered by the kidney ...
... o Potency: The dose of the drug that is required to produce a desired therapeutic effect Metabolism Biotransformation: Transforming a drug so it can be metabolized in the liver with some occurring in the kidneys and blood Excretion Controlled by the kidneys – Drugs are filtered by the kidney ...
A Case Study of Drug Abuse - Bangladesh Journals Online
... appearance of withdrawal phenomena when a chronically administered drug is discontinued or displaced from its receptor. Withdrawa illness occurs after abrupt discontinuation of the drug. Tolerance is an interesting phenomenon characterized by the need of increasing amount of a drug to obtain the sam ...
... appearance of withdrawal phenomena when a chronically administered drug is discontinued or displaced from its receptor. Withdrawa illness occurs after abrupt discontinuation of the drug. Tolerance is an interesting phenomenon characterized by the need of increasing amount of a drug to obtain the sam ...
(lec 8) adverse d..
... A) Patient may differ in rate of absorption, distribution, and elimination of drug. By alteration of concentration of drug that reaches relevant receptor may alter clinical response. ...
... A) Patient may differ in rate of absorption, distribution, and elimination of drug. By alteration of concentration of drug that reaches relevant receptor may alter clinical response. ...
Psychology
... • The discomfort and distress that follow when a person who is dependent on a drug discontinues the use of the drug • Withdrawal symptoms are usually the opposite of the drug’s effects – Drug Rebound Effect ...
... • The discomfort and distress that follow when a person who is dependent on a drug discontinues the use of the drug • Withdrawal symptoms are usually the opposite of the drug’s effects – Drug Rebound Effect ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.