Drugs on the brain
... 1. Mimic the effects of an endogenous molecule a) Deficit in the function of the molecule e.g. Parkinson’s disease b) Mimicking its action to reduces symptoms of disease e.g. asthma 2. Blocking the actions of an endogenous molecule a) Excess of the molecule is causing the disease e.g. gastric ulcers ...
... 1. Mimic the effects of an endogenous molecule a) Deficit in the function of the molecule e.g. Parkinson’s disease b) Mimicking its action to reduces symptoms of disease e.g. asthma 2. Blocking the actions of an endogenous molecule a) Excess of the molecule is causing the disease e.g. gastric ulcers ...
NEWER ANTIEPLEPTICS CENTRALLY ACTING MUSCLE
... Its plasma half-life is about 6 hours, requiring dosing two to three times daily. It is excreted unchanged in the urine and is free of interactions with other drugs. It has limited efficacy when used on its own, so is used mainly as add-on therapy. ...
... Its plasma half-life is about 6 hours, requiring dosing two to three times daily. It is excreted unchanged in the urine and is free of interactions with other drugs. It has limited efficacy when used on its own, so is used mainly as add-on therapy. ...
Is a Drug Polar or Non-polar (and why does this matter?)
... • The dosing of drugs needs to be adjusted with the age of the patient. • Drug dosing may also need to be adjusted during pregnancy. Link ...
... • The dosing of drugs needs to be adjusted with the age of the patient. • Drug dosing may also need to be adjusted during pregnancy. Link ...
how hiv drugs get approved
... Trial participants and their doctors usually do not know who is getting the study drug or the placebo. This is called a blinded study. Studies are blinded so that the doctors will be totally objective when they evaluate the health of patients in the study. Phase III trials collect more data on a dru ...
... Trial participants and their doctors usually do not know who is getting the study drug or the placebo. This is called a blinded study. Studies are blinded so that the doctors will be totally objective when they evaluate the health of patients in the study. Phase III trials collect more data on a dru ...
Slide 1
... DPAc represents a new approach to early drug discovery. The concept is simple but powerful: bring together the insight and creativity of the academic world with the drug discovery expertise of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). We are a dedicated team of experienced drug discovery scientists – internal champion ...
... DPAc represents a new approach to early drug discovery. The concept is simple but powerful: bring together the insight and creativity of the academic world with the drug discovery expertise of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). We are a dedicated team of experienced drug discovery scientists – internal champion ...
The Drugging of America By Representative Gene DiGirolamo and
... Overprescribing? Yes indeed. Over 16,000 pounds – 8 tons of unneeded, discarded prescription and other drugs were taken off the streets of PA through the drug take-back program in a single year. 16,000 pounds of these drugs were prescribed but were apparently unneeded. Certainly there are legitimate ...
... Overprescribing? Yes indeed. Over 16,000 pounds – 8 tons of unneeded, discarded prescription and other drugs were taken off the streets of PA through the drug take-back program in a single year. 16,000 pounds of these drugs were prescribed but were apparently unneeded. Certainly there are legitimate ...
Day 1 Session 6 Harm Reduction
... attributed criminalization of drug use Does not judge drugs or drug use, views the issue objectively and seeks to reduce associated harms Encourages safer drug use Recognizes the competency of individuals to make choices that will change their lives in a positive way ...
... attributed criminalization of drug use Does not judge drugs or drug use, views the issue objectively and seeks to reduce associated harms Encourages safer drug use Recognizes the competency of individuals to make choices that will change their lives in a positive way ...
教案编写基本格式与要求
... 2. Mechanisms of Drug Action ; Drugs and receptors A. Receptor and non-receptor mechanisms: Most of the drugs act by interacting with a cellular component called receptor. Some drugs act through simple physical or chemical reactions without interacting with any receptor. • Receptors are protein mole ...
... 2. Mechanisms of Drug Action ; Drugs and receptors A. Receptor and non-receptor mechanisms: Most of the drugs act by interacting with a cellular component called receptor. Some drugs act through simple physical or chemical reactions without interacting with any receptor. • Receptors are protein mole ...
Pharmacology for basics 648KB Jan 14
... Changes in patient condition Therapeutic or side effects ...
... Changes in patient condition Therapeutic or side effects ...
File
... to convert breath alcohol level to an approximate blood alcohol level. o Urine analysis – A urine sample can be analyzed to determine alcohol content, although it can take up to two hours for alcohol to show up in urine. This test is also an indirect measurement of blood alcohol concentration throu ...
... to convert breath alcohol level to an approximate blood alcohol level. o Urine analysis – A urine sample can be analyzed to determine alcohol content, although it can take up to two hours for alcohol to show up in urine. This test is also an indirect measurement of blood alcohol concentration throu ...
TERATOLOGY - Univerzita Karlova
... Every chemical substance may be teratogenic. This effect depends on quantity. In small amount is without any effect. Teratogen is factor that is present in environment in so high amount that it can increase occurrence of embryotoxicity manifestation up to basic frequency in non-exposed populatio ...
... Every chemical substance may be teratogenic. This effect depends on quantity. In small amount is without any effect. Teratogen is factor that is present in environment in so high amount that it can increase occurrence of embryotoxicity manifestation up to basic frequency in non-exposed populatio ...
Revised - Ministry of Health Jamaica
... Five (5) samples of the new drug in the finished pharmaceutical form in which it is to be sold along with adequate amounts of appropriate chemical and/ or biological reference standards of active ingredients necessary to perform analysises described in four (b). ...
... Five (5) samples of the new drug in the finished pharmaceutical form in which it is to be sold along with adequate amounts of appropriate chemical and/ or biological reference standards of active ingredients necessary to perform analysises described in four (b). ...
d) Bronchodilator Response
... A drug that produces a less than maximal effect is termed a partial agonist. Antagonists. A drug that has affinity for a receptor but is not able to induce an effect is known as an antagonist. Antagonists can be either competitive or non-competitive. Competitive antagonism exists when an agonist and ...
... A drug that produces a less than maximal effect is termed a partial agonist. Antagonists. A drug that has affinity for a receptor but is not able to induce an effect is known as an antagonist. Antagonists can be either competitive or non-competitive. Competitive antagonism exists when an agonist and ...
INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY
... the drug may be produced by different pharmaceutical companies under new product (trade) names but at the basis of original active substance (similar quantity, route of administration etc.) ...
... the drug may be produced by different pharmaceutical companies under new product (trade) names but at the basis of original active substance (similar quantity, route of administration etc.) ...
Chapter 2 Law and Ethics of Pharmacy Teresa Hopper
... • Classification puts the drug into the proper category based on its chemical reactions • Indication lists the main conditions that this chemical is used for • The founding company also gives the chemical a trade name ...
... • Classification puts the drug into the proper category based on its chemical reactions • Indication lists the main conditions that this chemical is used for • The founding company also gives the chemical a trade name ...
Pediatric Pharmacology
... o Example: carbamazepine (clearance is higher in children resulting in higher dose per body weight and shorter interval between doses for children) o Phase II (conjugation reactions that increase water solubility and renal/biliary excretion of the drugs) ...
... o Example: carbamazepine (clearance is higher in children resulting in higher dose per body weight and shorter interval between doses for children) o Phase II (conjugation reactions that increase water solubility and renal/biliary excretion of the drugs) ...
bYTEBoss CNS herbs2
... scaly, leprosy-like eruption of the skin and inflammation of the eyes. The drug contraindicated during pregnancy or nursing. It is also contraindicated in patients with endogenous depression because it increases the danger of suicide. Daily dose: equivalent of 60 to 120 mg kava lactones. ...
... scaly, leprosy-like eruption of the skin and inflammation of the eyes. The drug contraindicated during pregnancy or nursing. It is also contraindicated in patients with endogenous depression because it increases the danger of suicide. Daily dose: equivalent of 60 to 120 mg kava lactones. ...
Review-Medicine and Drugs
... Short term effect Long term effect • Feeling of relaxation • Feeling of relaxation • Increase confidence • Heart disease/ high blood pressure • Dilates small blood vessels (warmth) • Miscarriages/ deformities o Synergistic effects: combination of two drugs is more harmful than either drug taken alon ...
... Short term effect Long term effect • Feeling of relaxation • Feeling of relaxation • Increase confidence • Heart disease/ high blood pressure • Dilates small blood vessels (warmth) • Miscarriages/ deformities o Synergistic effects: combination of two drugs is more harmful than either drug taken alon ...
Central Nervous Stimulants
... • Used to antagonize respiratory depression caused by overdosage with CNS depressants; Doxapram • Act on respiratory center in the brain stem as well as on peripheral carotid chemoreceptors to increase the depth and rate of respiration • Doxapram: use/reversal of post anesthetic respiratory depressi ...
... • Used to antagonize respiratory depression caused by overdosage with CNS depressants; Doxapram • Act on respiratory center in the brain stem as well as on peripheral carotid chemoreceptors to increase the depth and rate of respiration • Doxapram: use/reversal of post anesthetic respiratory depressi ...
Drug Misuse, Abuse and Addiction
... Have you ever heard people say they were “addicted” to something –TV show, food, or activity –? ...
... Have you ever heard people say they were “addicted” to something –TV show, food, or activity –? ...
Drugs - Images
... the last month and 20% had used illegal drugs in the last year • 13% of boys reported taking drugs in the last month compared to 11% of girls • Use increased with age. Six percent of 11-year-olds had used drugs in the last year compared to 39% of 15-year-olds ...
... the last month and 20% had used illegal drugs in the last year • 13% of boys reported taking drugs in the last month compared to 11% of girls • Use increased with age. Six percent of 11-year-olds had used drugs in the last year compared to 39% of 15-year-olds ...
Pharmaceutics I
... (B) Unconscious patients (C) Vomiting patients (D) All the above 8- Examples of drugs given by inhalation are: (A) Anesthetic gases (B) Volatile liquids (C) Aspirin (D) A & B 9- Transdermal route is useful for: (A) Drugs with short duration of action (B) Drugs rapidly metabolized by the liver (C) Su ...
... (B) Unconscious patients (C) Vomiting patients (D) All the above 8- Examples of drugs given by inhalation are: (A) Anesthetic gases (B) Volatile liquids (C) Aspirin (D) A & B 9- Transdermal route is useful for: (A) Drugs with short duration of action (B) Drugs rapidly metabolized by the liver (C) Su ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.