priorities for systematic reviews
... 27. Vitamins and minerals The list does not contain all vitamins, but the ones that are listed appear as single items. Whether this is because of the policy of not recommending combination products or because vitamins are only recommended to be used in deficiency states attributable to specific vita ...
... 27. Vitamins and minerals The list does not contain all vitamins, but the ones that are listed appear as single items. Whether this is because of the policy of not recommending combination products or because vitamins are only recommended to be used in deficiency states attributable to specific vita ...
Why do we need Pharmacovigilance?
... Adverse drug reactions • ADR is defined as any harm associated with the use of given drugs at a normal dosage during normal use. • ADRs may occur following a single dose or prolonged administration of a drug or result from the combination of two or more drugs. • The meaning of ADR differs from the ...
... Adverse drug reactions • ADR is defined as any harm associated with the use of given drugs at a normal dosage during normal use. • ADRs may occur following a single dose or prolonged administration of a drug or result from the combination of two or more drugs. • The meaning of ADR differs from the ...
Poison Control Centers Synthetic Drugs of Abuse
... “I'm concerned that it could hurt people…We made this as a research compound and published it and did what we were supposed to do. You can’t be responsible for what idiots are going to do.” ...
... “I'm concerned that it could hurt people…We made this as a research compound and published it and did what we were supposed to do. You can’t be responsible for what idiots are going to do.” ...
Using this template - British Hypertension Society
... Uncertainty - sensitivity analysis •Varying individual parameters to test sensitivity of model results • Risk of CVD events (HF, MI, UA etc...) • Effectiveness of drugs • Cost of drugs and events • Side effects of drugs •Model remained fairly robust to changes ...
... Uncertainty - sensitivity analysis •Varying individual parameters to test sensitivity of model results • Risk of CVD events (HF, MI, UA etc...) • Effectiveness of drugs • Cost of drugs and events • Side effects of drugs •Model remained fairly robust to changes ...
Drugs of Abuse 2 CEUs
... Treatment is largely supportive with airway and respiratory protection being paramount. Sedative intoxication can cause peripheral vasodilatation as well. Blood pressure and heart rate need to be closely monitored. IV fluids may be necessary. This is especially true in the case of alcohol, which cau ...
... Treatment is largely supportive with airway and respiratory protection being paramount. Sedative intoxication can cause peripheral vasodilatation as well. Blood pressure and heart rate need to be closely monitored. IV fluids may be necessary. This is especially true in the case of alcohol, which cau ...
ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS
... or more seizures occurred in short interval (6m -1 y) • An initial therapeutic aim is to use only one drug (monotherapy) ...
... or more seizures occurred in short interval (6m -1 y) • An initial therapeutic aim is to use only one drug (monotherapy) ...
elevated blood glucose
... arrhythmias (Long QT) and EPS (Extra pyramidal Symptoms) EPS is a movement disorder that is similar to Parkinson’s disease Second generation drugs were developed to avoid EPS A major side effects to these drugs are: risk of drug induced diabetes and weight gain. Clozapine has the risk of fatal blood ...
... arrhythmias (Long QT) and EPS (Extra pyramidal Symptoms) EPS is a movement disorder that is similar to Parkinson’s disease Second generation drugs were developed to avoid EPS A major side effects to these drugs are: risk of drug induced diabetes and weight gain. Clozapine has the risk of fatal blood ...
loading dose
... much of their effectiveness after this first pass through the liver. • This loss of effectiveness is called the first-pass effect. • Drugs that experience a high first-pass effect may need higher or more frequent oral doses to achieve a therapeutic level of circulating drug. ...
... much of their effectiveness after this first pass through the liver. • This loss of effectiveness is called the first-pass effect. • Drugs that experience a high first-pass effect may need higher or more frequent oral doses to achieve a therapeutic level of circulating drug. ...
Mephedrone Information Sheet
... Possession – up to a Maximum of 5 years imprisonment and/or unlimited fine Supply (selling) – up to a Maximum of 14 years imprisonment and/or unlimited fine The police will treat any white powder or capsule in the same way they do any other illegal substance. The likelihood is that the substance wil ...
... Possession – up to a Maximum of 5 years imprisonment and/or unlimited fine Supply (selling) – up to a Maximum of 14 years imprisonment and/or unlimited fine The police will treat any white powder or capsule in the same way they do any other illegal substance. The likelihood is that the substance wil ...
Drug Abuse & Addiction
... Illegal drugs: $181 billion/year Alcohol: $185 billion/year Tobacco: $158 billion/year Total: $524 billion/year Surgeon General’s Report, 2004; ONDCP, 2004; Harwood, 2000. ...
... Illegal drugs: $181 billion/year Alcohol: $185 billion/year Tobacco: $158 billion/year Total: $524 billion/year Surgeon General’s Report, 2004; ONDCP, 2004; Harwood, 2000. ...
Document
... Generic versions of existing drugs – demonstrate same qualitative and quantitative composition and “bioequivalence”. EMA publishes reasons drugs were approved. EMA has role in post-marketing surveillance. ...
... Generic versions of existing drugs – demonstrate same qualitative and quantitative composition and “bioequivalence”. EMA publishes reasons drugs were approved. EMA has role in post-marketing surveillance. ...
L.O- To learn about different types of illegal drugs
... L.O- To learn about different types of illegal drugs ...
... L.O- To learn about different types of illegal drugs ...
MemberHealth - SilverScript
... for questions regarding any of these articles. When online, visit silverscript.com for news, forms, benefit information and member-friendly search tools. ...
... for questions regarding any of these articles. When online, visit silverscript.com for news, forms, benefit information and member-friendly search tools. ...
Action of Anticonvulsants
... Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors • Monoamine oxidase (MAO) - an enzyme normally inactivates norep., dopamine, epi. & serotonin. By inhibiting = rise in these NT’s • 2 forms of MAO - A & B - MAO -A inactivates DA in the brain - MAO -B inactivates norep. & serotonit ...
... Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors • Monoamine oxidase (MAO) - an enzyme normally inactivates norep., dopamine, epi. & serotonin. By inhibiting = rise in these NT’s • 2 forms of MAO - A & B - MAO -A inactivates DA in the brain - MAO -B inactivates norep. & serotonit ...
Clinical Trials PHASE 1
... Plans, protocols and CRF ’s for phase I studies. Name, address and bio-data of investigator. Agreement from the sponsors to inform the drug controller of any AR’s occurring during ongoing animal/human studies. Nature of ‘informed consent’ Agreement to submit annual progress report ...
... Plans, protocols and CRF ’s for phase I studies. Name, address and bio-data of investigator. Agreement from the sponsors to inform the drug controller of any AR’s occurring during ongoing animal/human studies. Nature of ‘informed consent’ Agreement to submit annual progress report ...
Chapter 18 - Harper College
... Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors • Monoamine oxidase (MAO) - an enzyme - normally inactivates norep., dopamine, epi. & serotonin. By inhibiting = rise in these NT’s • 2 forms of MAO - A & B - MAO -A inactivates DA in the brain - MAO -B inactivates norep. & serotonit • MAOI’s are nonselective = inhibits ...
... Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors • Monoamine oxidase (MAO) - an enzyme - normally inactivates norep., dopamine, epi. & serotonin. By inhibiting = rise in these NT’s • 2 forms of MAO - A & B - MAO -A inactivates DA in the brain - MAO -B inactivates norep. & serotonit • MAOI’s are nonselective = inhibits ...
Types of Therapy
... that helps control symptoms of schizophrenia. This allowed many individuals to leave psychiatric hospitals and live with family, friends, in supportive care facilities, or on their own *Psychoactive drugs may mimic the normal effects of neurotransmitters, or increase the amount of the neurotransmitt ...
... that helps control symptoms of schizophrenia. This allowed many individuals to leave psychiatric hospitals and live with family, friends, in supportive care facilities, or on their own *Psychoactive drugs may mimic the normal effects of neurotransmitters, or increase the amount of the neurotransmitt ...
Elicited Behavior and Classical Conditioning
... cells in the body. Some of the dose molecules may bind to inactive sites such as plasma proteins or storage depots (3) and some to receptors in target tissue. Blood-borne dose molecules also enter the liver (4), where they may be transformed into metabolites and travel to the kidneys and other disch ...
... cells in the body. Some of the dose molecules may bind to inactive sites such as plasma proteins or storage depots (3) and some to receptors in target tissue. Blood-borne dose molecules also enter the liver (4), where they may be transformed into metabolites and travel to the kidneys and other disch ...
Psychopharmacology Quiz-I
... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------18. Pharmacokinetics refers to A. The processes of absorption, transport, distribution, metabolism and excretion B. Action of drug on the body C. Selective action of th ...
... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------18. Pharmacokinetics refers to A. The processes of absorption, transport, distribution, metabolism and excretion B. Action of drug on the body C. Selective action of th ...
Instantaneous Inhibitory Potential and Inhibitory Quotient Show a
... Another likely explanation for the modest correlation of IIP and IQ with virologic outcome, as the authors acknowledge, is that multiple other factors, such as adherence, tolerability, dosing convenience, and the emergence of drug-limiting resistance, are very important contributors to the “effectiv ...
... Another likely explanation for the modest correlation of IIP and IQ with virologic outcome, as the authors acknowledge, is that multiple other factors, such as adherence, tolerability, dosing convenience, and the emergence of drug-limiting resistance, are very important contributors to the “effectiv ...
DOC
... population and constitute the major and most representative cellular subpopulation in terms of metabolism. The compounds are not only substrates of the enzymes, in other words metabolized by the enzyme, but can be inhibitors or efficient inducers, and cause serious drug-drug interaction where a drug ...
... population and constitute the major and most representative cellular subpopulation in terms of metabolism. The compounds are not only substrates of the enzymes, in other words metabolized by the enzyme, but can be inhibitors or efficient inducers, and cause serious drug-drug interaction where a drug ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.