Atoms, Molecules and Ions
... forms both Fe+ and Fe2+ ions, we need to use the Stock system and call the compound iron(II) nitrate. (b) The cation is Na+ and the anion is HPO42− (hydrogen phosphate). Because sodium only forms one type of ion (Na+), there is no need to use sodium(I) in the name. The compound is sodium hydrogen ph ...
... forms both Fe+ and Fe2+ ions, we need to use the Stock system and call the compound iron(II) nitrate. (b) The cation is Na+ and the anion is HPO42− (hydrogen phosphate). Because sodium only forms one type of ion (Na+), there is no need to use sodium(I) in the name. The compound is sodium hydrogen ph ...
CP-Chem Ch 3 PowerPoint(Atomic Theory
... atomic theory that he created using the laws of matter and previously known atomic theory • 1) All matter is composed of atoms • 2) All atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and other properties • 3) Atoms can not be divided, created or destroyed • 4) Atoms of different elements comb ...
... atomic theory that he created using the laws of matter and previously known atomic theory • 1) All matter is composed of atoms • 2) All atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and other properties • 3) Atoms can not be divided, created or destroyed • 4) Atoms of different elements comb ...
MS Word - Timmel Group
... 11. Explain the following trend in the first ionisation energies of the following ions: Be3+: 217eV, B4+: 340eV, C5+: 490 eV. 12. Discuss the concepts of screening and penetration in many-electron atoms using the radial distribution functions you have sketched in question 9 of this problem sheet. Ho ...
... 11. Explain the following trend in the first ionisation energies of the following ions: Be3+: 217eV, B4+: 340eV, C5+: 490 eV. 12. Discuss the concepts of screening and penetration in many-electron atoms using the radial distribution functions you have sketched in question 9 of this problem sheet. Ho ...
Lecture 1 (Bohr model of the atom)
... • The Rydberg-Ritz formula works mathematically, but why? • In 1913 Niels Bohr proposed a pre-QM model to explain the spectra emitted by H atoms • In this theory electrons are considered to be point objects in orbit around the nucleus • It gives a 1st order explanation of the spectral lines, & remai ...
... • The Rydberg-Ritz formula works mathematically, but why? • In 1913 Niels Bohr proposed a pre-QM model to explain the spectra emitted by H atoms • In this theory electrons are considered to be point objects in orbit around the nucleus • It gives a 1st order explanation of the spectral lines, & remai ...
Unit 4: Atoms and Nuclei
... • The Rydberg-Ritz formula works mathematically, but why? • In 1913 Niels Bohr proposed a pre-QM model to explain the spectra emitted by H atoms • In this theory electrons are considered to be point objects in orbit around the nucleus • It gives a 1st order explanation of the spectral lines, & r ...
... • The Rydberg-Ritz formula works mathematically, but why? • In 1913 Niels Bohr proposed a pre-QM model to explain the spectra emitted by H atoms • In this theory electrons are considered to be point objects in orbit around the nucleus • It gives a 1st order explanation of the spectral lines, & r ...
Glowing Tubes for Signs, Television Sets, and Computers
... a blue glow appears. The presence of krypton gives an intense white light. A television picture tube or computer monitor is also fundamentally a cathode ray tube. In this case the electrons are directed onto a screen containing chemical compounds that glow when struck by fast-moving electrons. The u ...
... a blue glow appears. The presence of krypton gives an intense white light. A television picture tube or computer monitor is also fundamentally a cathode ray tube. In this case the electrons are directed onto a screen containing chemical compounds that glow when struck by fast-moving electrons. The u ...
Atoms, Molecules and Ions - Moodle @ FCT-UNL
... Strategy Note that the compounds in (a) and (b) contain both metal and nonmetal atoms, so we expect them to be ionic compounds. There are no metal atoms in (c) but there is an ammonium group, which bears a positive charge. So NH4ClO3 is also an ionic compound. Our reference for the names of cations ...
... Strategy Note that the compounds in (a) and (b) contain both metal and nonmetal atoms, so we expect them to be ionic compounds. There are no metal atoms in (c) but there is an ammonium group, which bears a positive charge. So NH4ClO3 is also an ionic compound. Our reference for the names of cations ...
Chapter 2 PowerPoint
... Strategy Note that the compounds in (a) and (b) contain both metal and nonmetal atoms, so we expect them to be ionic compounds. There are no metal atoms in (c) but there is an ammonium group, which bears a positive charge. So NH 4ClO3 is also an ionic compound. Our reference for the names of cations ...
... Strategy Note that the compounds in (a) and (b) contain both metal and nonmetal atoms, so we expect them to be ionic compounds. There are no metal atoms in (c) but there is an ammonium group, which bears a positive charge. So NH 4ClO3 is also an ionic compound. Our reference for the names of cations ...
Ch3 notes - Midway ISD
... Average Atomic Masses of Elements Weighted average of atomic masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element (%of isotope) (mass isotope) + (%of isotope) (mass isotope) = ...
... Average Atomic Masses of Elements Weighted average of atomic masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element (%of isotope) (mass isotope) + (%of isotope) (mass isotope) = ...
Unit Description - Honors Chemistry
... Chapters 1 and 3 – Scientific Method and Matter Distinguish among hypothesis, theory and scientific law using examples. Identify the common steps of scientific methods. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative data. Distinguish between independent and dependent variables, controls an ...
... Chapters 1 and 3 – Scientific Method and Matter Distinguish among hypothesis, theory and scientific law using examples. Identify the common steps of scientific methods. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative data. Distinguish between independent and dependent variables, controls an ...
Chemistry Mid-Term Review: 2015-2016
... c. H2O d. H2S 12. How many electrons do two atoms in a double covalent bond share? How many in a triple covalent bond? 13. Characterize a coordinate covalent bond and give an example. 14. Using electron dot structure, draw at least two resonance structures for the nitrite ion (NO2-). The oxygen in N ...
... c. H2O d. H2S 12. How many electrons do two atoms in a double covalent bond share? How many in a triple covalent bond? 13. Characterize a coordinate covalent bond and give an example. 14. Using electron dot structure, draw at least two resonance structures for the nitrite ion (NO2-). The oxygen in N ...
bonding, structure, properties and energy changes
... If heat energy is absorbed during a reaction, the temperature of the surroundings decreases and the reaction is described as being endothermic. When methylated spirits (‘meths’) is spilt on the skin it quickly evaporates. This is an endothermic process – the meths absorbs heat energy from the skin a ...
... If heat energy is absorbed during a reaction, the temperature of the surroundings decreases and the reaction is described as being endothermic. When methylated spirits (‘meths’) is spilt on the skin it quickly evaporates. This is an endothermic process – the meths absorbs heat energy from the skin a ...
SCH3UChapter 2 Test ReviewAnswers - Norbraten
... c) Calculate the E.N.D. for each bond, add δ −and δ + symbols onto the structures if necessary. d) Indicate with an arrow any net dipole in the molecule and then state whether each molecule is polar or non-polar. 13. The melting points of three compounds are listed below. Predict the type of attract ...
... c) Calculate the E.N.D. for each bond, add δ −and δ + symbols onto the structures if necessary. d) Indicate with an arrow any net dipole in the molecule and then state whether each molecule is polar or non-polar. 13. The melting points of three compounds are listed below. Predict the type of attract ...
1st Term Review
... 13. What is the mass of grams of 0.500 moles of Au? 14. Based on the gold foil experiment, what did Rutherford conclude about the atom? 15. An atom of chromium-60 contains how many protons, neutron and electrons? 16. What is the difference between a compound and an element? 17. What is the electron ...
... 13. What is the mass of grams of 0.500 moles of Au? 14. Based on the gold foil experiment, what did Rutherford conclude about the atom? 15. An atom of chromium-60 contains how many protons, neutron and electrons? 16. What is the difference between a compound and an element? 17. What is the electron ...
ch04_sec3_as - LCMR School District
... Bellringer In an atom, an energy level is an area around the nucleus where electrons are located. Each energy level may contain only a certain number of electrons. The electrons in an atom’s outer energy level are called valence electrons, which determine the chemical properties of an atom. The diag ...
... Bellringer In an atom, an energy level is an area around the nucleus where electrons are located. Each energy level may contain only a certain number of electrons. The electrons in an atom’s outer energy level are called valence electrons, which determine the chemical properties of an atom. The diag ...
Section 3: Modern Atomic Theory Atoms Section 3
... Bellringer In an atom, an energy level is an area around the nucleus where electrons are located. Each energy level may contain only a certain number of electrons. The electrons in an atom’s outer energy level are called valence electrons, which determine the chemical properties of an atom. The diag ...
... Bellringer In an atom, an energy level is an area around the nucleus where electrons are located. Each energy level may contain only a certain number of electrons. The electrons in an atom’s outer energy level are called valence electrons, which determine the chemical properties of an atom. The diag ...
Unit 3 - Chemistry
... theories to explain his observations and came up with Dalton’s atomic theory. ...
... theories to explain his observations and came up with Dalton’s atomic theory. ...
Chapters 7, 8, 9 notes - SLCUSD Staff Directory
... where R = the ionization energy of hydrogen, 2.178 x 10 -18 joules; nu is the upper level orbit the electron drops from, and nl is the lower orbit the electron drops to. Note: for an electron to go from the ground state to an __________, energy must be _____________. The same equation can be used to ...
... where R = the ionization energy of hydrogen, 2.178 x 10 -18 joules; nu is the upper level orbit the electron drops from, and nl is the lower orbit the electron drops to. Note: for an electron to go from the ground state to an __________, energy must be _____________. The same equation can be used to ...
quiz questions chapters 1
... In which of the following species does the central atom violate the octet rule? A) CH4 B) SF4 C) PCl4+ D) CCl3+ E) NH3 Which statement is false concerning ionic bonds and compounds? A) Ionic bonds are a result of electrostatic forces. B) Ionic bonds usually occur between elements with high and low e ...
... In which of the following species does the central atom violate the octet rule? A) CH4 B) SF4 C) PCl4+ D) CCl3+ E) NH3 Which statement is false concerning ionic bonds and compounds? A) Ionic bonds are a result of electrostatic forces. B) Ionic bonds usually occur between elements with high and low e ...
Final Exam Chemistry B2A Mr. Kimball`s Class 2003
... d) there is no way to tell e) neither have metallic properties 32. Which of the following is FALSE regarding an ionic bond? a) a type of chemical bond formed by the transfer of one or more electrons b) holds together (a) cation(s) and (an) anion(s). c) forms because all the charges attract each othe ...
... d) there is no way to tell e) neither have metallic properties 32. Which of the following is FALSE regarding an ionic bond? a) a type of chemical bond formed by the transfer of one or more electrons b) holds together (a) cation(s) and (an) anion(s). c) forms because all the charges attract each othe ...
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are ""strong bonds"" such as covalent or ionic bonds and ""weak bonds"" such as Dipole-dipole interaction, the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding.Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force, the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting the nucleus and the positively charged protons in the nucleus attract each other. An electron positioned between two nuclei will be attracted to both of them, and the nuclei will be attracted toward electrons in this position. This attraction constitutes the chemical bond. Due to the matter wave nature of electrons and their smaller mass, they must occupy a much larger amount of volume compared with the nuclei, and this volume occupied by the electrons keeps the atomic nuclei relatively far apart, as compared with the size of the nuclei themselves. This phenomenon limits the distance between nuclei and atoms in a bond.In general, strong chemical bonding is associated with the sharing or transfer of electrons between the participating atoms. The atoms in molecules, crystals, metals and diatomic gases—indeed most of the physical environment around us—are held together by chemical bonds, which dictate the structure and the bulk properties of matter.All bonds can be explained by quantum theory, but, in practice, simplification rules allow chemists to predict the strength, directionality, and polarity of bonds. The octet rule and VSEPR theory are two examples. More sophisticated theories are valence bond theory which includes orbital hybridization and resonance, and the linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method which includes ligand field theory. Electrostatics are used to describe bond polarities and the effects they have on chemical substances.