(Bohr Model And X-Rays) Part-1
... • An electron resolves around the nucleus only in those orbits for which the angular momentum is some integral multiple of L= ...
... • An electron resolves around the nucleus only in those orbits for which the angular momentum is some integral multiple of L= ...
Atomic Structure
... Introduction to waves: You are familiar with many types of radiant energy: visible light, UV-light, X-rays, and gamma radiation. James Clerk Maxwell in 1856 proposed the existence of waves which were related to both electricity and magnetism and called them Electromagnetic waves. Some waves require ...
... Introduction to waves: You are familiar with many types of radiant energy: visible light, UV-light, X-rays, and gamma radiation. James Clerk Maxwell in 1856 proposed the existence of waves which were related to both electricity and magnetism and called them Electromagnetic waves. Some waves require ...
photon may be totally absorbed by electron, but not have enough
... momentum of a particle. He proposed that only those orbits where the wave would be a circular standing wave will occur. This yields the same relation that Bohr had proposed. In addition, it makes more reasonable the fact that the electrons do not radiate, as one would otherwise expect from an accele ...
... momentum of a particle. He proposed that only those orbits where the wave would be a circular standing wave will occur. This yields the same relation that Bohr had proposed. In addition, it makes more reasonable the fact that the electrons do not radiate, as one would otherwise expect from an accele ...
Chemistry 221 - Oregon State chemistry
... ready source of energy. It is oxidized (combusted) to produce carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the process. However, unlike other hydrocarbon fuels, which are insoluble in water, the numerous OH groups in glucose allow it to readily hydrogen-bond ...
... ready source of energy. It is oxidized (combusted) to produce carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the process. However, unlike other hydrocarbon fuels, which are insoluble in water, the numerous OH groups in glucose allow it to readily hydrogen-bond ...
Chapter 31 Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Physics
... The Pauli exclusive principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of values for the four quantum numbers n, l, ml, and ms. This principle determines the way in which the electrons in multiple-electron atoms are distributed into shells and subshells. The arrangement of the p ...
... The Pauli exclusive principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of values for the four quantum numbers n, l, ml, and ms. This principle determines the way in which the electrons in multiple-electron atoms are distributed into shells and subshells. The arrangement of the p ...
Stoichiometry 1 amu = 1.6606 x 10-24 g The amu mass of an atom
... Stoichiometry 1 amu = 1.6606 x 10-24 g The amu mass of an atom of carbon-12 is 12 amu 1 mole = count multiplier = 6.022 x 1023 items subscript to the right of an element symbol = atom count multiplier = the number of atoms of the element in a chemical formula number before chemical formula in a chem ...
... Stoichiometry 1 amu = 1.6606 x 10-24 g The amu mass of an atom of carbon-12 is 12 amu 1 mole = count multiplier = 6.022 x 1023 items subscript to the right of an element symbol = atom count multiplier = the number of atoms of the element in a chemical formula number before chemical formula in a chem ...
Study Guide: Chapter 4 - the Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms
... Study Guide: Chapter 4 - the Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms 1. Understand the relationship between a light wave’s frequency and wavelength; Know how to calculate wavelength given frequency and frequency given wavelength (MEMORIZE FORMULA) – work a few practice problems 2. Understand the relations ...
... Study Guide: Chapter 4 - the Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms 1. Understand the relationship between a light wave’s frequency and wavelength; Know how to calculate wavelength given frequency and frequency given wavelength (MEMORIZE FORMULA) – work a few practice problems 2. Understand the relations ...
biol 1406 chapter 3: water
... Determine if the statement is true. If it is not, rewrite the italicized part to make it true. 1. An element is a substance that can be broken down into simpler substances. ______________________ 2. On Earth, 90 elements occur naturally. ________________________________________ 3. Only four elements ...
... Determine if the statement is true. If it is not, rewrite the italicized part to make it true. 1. An element is a substance that can be broken down into simpler substances. ______________________ 2. On Earth, 90 elements occur naturally. ________________________________________ 3. Only four elements ...
Physical Science
... Lab reports – What should be included in: a correct hypothesis? A correct procedure? A correct conclusion? How would you write a correct example of each part? Measuring in metric – What metric units are used to measure: mass? Volume? Length? Convert metric units – How do you use a chart to con ...
... Lab reports – What should be included in: a correct hypothesis? A correct procedure? A correct conclusion? How would you write a correct example of each part? Measuring in metric – What metric units are used to measure: mass? Volume? Length? Convert metric units – How do you use a chart to con ...
vocab chap 6
... packed nucleus and that atoms are mostly empty space; also discovered the proton ...
... packed nucleus and that atoms are mostly empty space; also discovered the proton ...
The Photoelectric Effect
... (without exceeding 10mA driver current!). Measure the detected photocurrent as a function of retarding voltage for each available light emitting diode. Note that when the retarding voltage is zero, the detected current is negative (electrons flowing from the detection electron, through the picoammet ...
... (without exceeding 10mA driver current!). Measure the detected photocurrent as a function of retarding voltage for each available light emitting diode. Note that when the retarding voltage is zero, the detected current is negative (electrons flowing from the detection electron, through the picoammet ...
Electrons in Atoms
... When electrons occupy orbitals of the same shape on the same energy level, one e- enters each orbital until all orbitals contain an e- of the same spin direction B. Electron Configuration Notations (1s22s2) and Orbital Notation 1. Electron Configuration is a method of using the quantum mechanical mo ...
... When electrons occupy orbitals of the same shape on the same energy level, one e- enters each orbital until all orbitals contain an e- of the same spin direction B. Electron Configuration Notations (1s22s2) and Orbital Notation 1. Electron Configuration is a method of using the quantum mechanical mo ...
Final “Intro Quantum Mechanics”
... (g) (T) The De Broglie wavelength of a tennis ball is extremely small, and that’s why a tennis ball normally behaves like a particle, not like a wave. Recall λ = h/p and realize that h is a tiny constant. (h) (T) The faster the wave function of a given particle oscillates in space, the more kinetic ...
... (g) (T) The De Broglie wavelength of a tennis ball is extremely small, and that’s why a tennis ball normally behaves like a particle, not like a wave. Recall λ = h/p and realize that h is a tiny constant. (h) (T) The faster the wave function of a given particle oscillates in space, the more kinetic ...
Quantum Numbers and Electron Configurations Worksheet
... Use a phrase to describe why the 2s orbital is more stable (lower energy) versus 2p. When you superimpose the total radial probability of 2s and 2p onto the plot of 1s, you notice that the 2s has a small peak that is inside the 1s shield, which causes them to have more exposure to the full nuclear c ...
... Use a phrase to describe why the 2s orbital is more stable (lower energy) versus 2p. When you superimpose the total radial probability of 2s and 2p onto the plot of 1s, you notice that the 2s has a small peak that is inside the 1s shield, which causes them to have more exposure to the full nuclear c ...
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a surface-sensitive quantitative spectroscopic technique that measures the elemental composition at the parts per thousand range, empirical formula, chemical state and electronic state of the elements that exist within a material. XPS spectra are obtained by irradiating a material with a beam of X-rays while simultaneously measuring the kinetic energy and number of electrons that escape from the top 0 to 10 nm of the material being analyzed. XPS requires high vacuum (P ~ 10−8 millibar) or ultra-high vacuum (UHV; P < 10−9 millibar) conditions, although a current area of development is ambient-pressure XPS, in which samples are analyzed at pressures of a few tens of millibar.XPS is a surface chemical analysis technique that can be used to analyze the surface chemistry of a material in its as-received state, or after some treatment, for example: fracturing, cutting or scraping in air or UHV to expose the bulk chemistry, ion beam etching to clean off some or all of the surface contamination (with mild ion etching) or to intentionally expose deeper layers of the sample (with more extensive ion etching) in depth-profiling XPS, exposure to heat to study the changes due to heating, exposure to reactive gases or solutions, exposure to ion beam implant, exposure to ultraviolet light.XPS is also known as ESCA (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis), an abbreviation introduced by Kai Siegbahn's research group to emphasize the chemical (rather than merely elemental) information that the technique provides.In principle XPS detects all elements. In practice, using typical laboratory-scale X-ray sources, XPS detects all elements with an atomic number (Z) of 3 (lithium) and above. It cannot easily detect hydrogen (Z = 1) or helium (Z = 2).Detection limits for most of the elements (on a modern instrument) are in the parts per thousand range. Detection limits of parts per million (ppm) are possible, but require special conditions: concentration at top surface or very long collection time (overnight).XPS is routinely used to analyze inorganic compounds, metal alloys, semiconductors, polymers, elements, catalysts, glasses, ceramics, paints, papers, inks, woods, plant parts, make-up, teeth, bones, medical implants, bio-materials, viscous oils, glues, ion-modified materials and many others.XPS is less routinely used to analyze the hydrated forms of some of the above materials by freezing the samples in their hydrated state in an ultra pure environment, and allowing or causing multilayers of ice to sublime away prior to analysis. Such hydrated XPS analysis allows hydrated sample structures, which may be different from vacuum-dehydrated sample structures, to be studied in their more relevant as-used hydrated structure. Many bio-materials such as hydrogels are examples of such samples.