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manipulating single atoms - Quantum technologies
manipulating single atoms - Quantum technologies

Final Exam
Final Exam

... a. for any neutral element, the number of protons and electrons are equal. b. electrons and protons have equal mass, but opposite charges. c. the mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons. d. the atomic number equals the number of protons. e. isotopes of an element have identical ...
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... Phenomena: Scientists knew that in order to form a bond, orbitals on two atoms must overlap. However, px, py, and pz orbitals are located 90˚ from each other and compounds like CH4 (which would form bonds using their p orbitals) do not have bond angles of 90˚. Therefore, scientists had to explain th ...
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... other, the on-site interaction U between atoms can be changed using the Feshbach resonance [39], and the disorder potential can be created using optical speckle potentials [40]. The transport process of cold atoms is illustrated in Fig. 1(b). Initially, the bosonic atoms are confined within a group ...
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... diffraction pattern will be evident. Copyright © 2008 – The McGraw-Hill Companies s.r.l. ...
Trapping of Rubidium Atoms using Optical Tweezers
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File - Physics Rocks
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... • The atomic number of an element indicates its position in the periodic table, is the number of orbiting electrons of a neutral atom, and is the number of units of positive charge in the nucleus. • The atomic number is represented by Z. ...
PDF only - at www.arxiv.org.
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... trap. The qubit is defined by two hyperfine states of the atom. This system is an excellent candidate for quantum computation because it is well isolated from the environment and is also easy to be exploited for storing and processing quantum information. In this system, there are two important type ...
Theoretical Investigations Regarding Single Molecules
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Multiply Excited Intra
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Entangling Dipole-Dipole Interactions and Quantum Logic in Optical
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... create entangled states of atoms. When the light field forming the optical lattice is both intense and detuned far from atomic resonance, ∆ = ω L − ω0 >> Γ , where Γ is the single atom resonance linewidth, then the mean dipole moment will be very small, making the scattering rate negligible, while ...
An experimental and theoretical guide to strongly interacting
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Interacting many-body systems in quantum wells: Evidence for
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Electron Scattering Intensities and Patterson Functions of Skyrmions
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Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Atomic and Molecular Quantum Dynamics Pia Johansson
Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Atomic and Molecular Quantum Dynamics Pia Johansson

... have kept pace with the technical development of ultrashort pulsed laser sources. One of the pioneers in this area, Ahmed Zewail, published with his collaborators one of the first experimental results obtained by an ultrafast spectroscopic method [3, 4]. They used the time delayed pump-probe spectro ...
Sample chapter - Pharmaceutical Press
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Covalent Bonding and Nomenclature
Covalent Bonding and Nomenclature

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Ionization



Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. Ionization can result from the loss of an electron after collisions with sub atomic particles, collisions with other atoms, molecules and ions, or through the interaction with light. Heterolytic bond cleavage and heterolytic substitution reactions can result in the formation of ion pairs. Ionization can occur through radioactive decay by the internal conversion process, in which an excited nucleus transfers its energy to one of the inner-shell electrons causing it to be ejected.
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