Bio426Lecture19Mar8 - NAU jan.ucc.nau.edu web server
... Reviewing the Calvin cycle and counting carbon (C) atoms associated with one carboxylation. 1. Carboxylation. 1 CO2 binds to 1 RuBP (5C) producing two molecules of 3-PGA (total of 6 C). 2. Reduction. The two 3-PGA (3 C each) are reduced to two glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate (G3P, 3 C each) using ATP an ...
... Reviewing the Calvin cycle and counting carbon (C) atoms associated with one carboxylation. 1. Carboxylation. 1 CO2 binds to 1 RuBP (5C) producing two molecules of 3-PGA (total of 6 C). 2. Reduction. The two 3-PGA (3 C each) are reduced to two glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate (G3P, 3 C each) using ATP an ...
Chapter 14- RESPIRATION IN PLANTS Living cells require a
... Acetyl CoA condenses with a 4C compound called Oxalo acetic acid (OAA), forming a 6C citric acid. As the first compound formed during kreb’s cycle is citric acid, this cycle is also called ‘citric acid’ cycle. Orgnic acids containing three carboxylic acid groups (COOH) are also formed during this cy ...
... Acetyl CoA condenses with a 4C compound called Oxalo acetic acid (OAA), forming a 6C citric acid. As the first compound formed during kreb’s cycle is citric acid, this cycle is also called ‘citric acid’ cycle. Orgnic acids containing three carboxylic acid groups (COOH) are also formed during this cy ...
Oxidative Decarboxylation and Krebs Cycle
... The reaction produces GTP (which can be converted to ATP). This is substrate-level phosphorylation > (NO need for o2 and/or mitochondria). -Oxidation of succinate to fumarate (by succinate dehydrogenase). The reaction produces FADH2 -Hydration of fumarate to L-malate (by fumarase ) ...
... The reaction produces GTP (which can be converted to ATP). This is substrate-level phosphorylation > (NO need for o2 and/or mitochondria). -Oxidation of succinate to fumarate (by succinate dehydrogenase). The reaction produces FADH2 -Hydration of fumarate to L-malate (by fumarase ) ...
Pentose P Path
... As NADPH is utilized in reductive synthetic pathways, the increasing concentration of NADP+ stimulates the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, to replenish NADPH. The rest of the pathway converts ribulose-5-P to the 5-C product ribose-5-P, or to 3-C glyceraldehyde-3-P & 6-C fructose-6-P. Additional enzymes ...
... As NADPH is utilized in reductive synthetic pathways, the increasing concentration of NADP+ stimulates the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, to replenish NADPH. The rest of the pathway converts ribulose-5-P to the 5-C product ribose-5-P, or to 3-C glyceraldehyde-3-P & 6-C fructose-6-P. Additional enzymes ...
Prezentace aplikace PowerPoint
... mitochondria (one of transport systems for NADH into mitochondria) • Cytochrome c oxidase – the complex mitochondrial enzyme in the electron transport chain (from cytochrome c to oxygen) • ATPases – (eg. Ca ATPase of muscle cells) • Carbamyl phosphate synthase – enzyme of urea cycle • Growth hormone ...
... mitochondria (one of transport systems for NADH into mitochondria) • Cytochrome c oxidase – the complex mitochondrial enzyme in the electron transport chain (from cytochrome c to oxygen) • ATPases – (eg. Ca ATPase of muscle cells) • Carbamyl phosphate synthase – enzyme of urea cycle • Growth hormone ...
Signalling crosstalk in light stress and immune reactions in plants
... peroxide (O2 and H2O2, respectively), is in principle unavoidable in photosynthesis owing to the generation of strongly reactive species during primary photochemistry. It should be noted, however, that although the formation of O2 and H2O2 is commonly associated with photosystem I (PSI) activity ...
... peroxide (O2 and H2O2, respectively), is in principle unavoidable in photosynthesis owing to the generation of strongly reactive species during primary photochemistry. It should be noted, however, that although the formation of O2 and H2O2 is commonly associated with photosystem I (PSI) activity ...
Answers to Selected Exercises
... can be expressed as simple whole-number ratios. The g H/g N in hydrazine, ammonia, and hydrogen azide are in the ratios 6:9:1. 23. O, 7.94; Na, 22.8; Mg, 11.9; O and Mg are incorrect by a factor of 2; correct formulas are H2O, Na2O, and MgO. 25. d(nucleus) 3 1015 g/cm3; d(atom) 0.4 g/cm3 27. ...
... can be expressed as simple whole-number ratios. The g H/g N in hydrazine, ammonia, and hydrogen azide are in the ratios 6:9:1. 23. O, 7.94; Na, 22.8; Mg, 11.9; O and Mg are incorrect by a factor of 2; correct formulas are H2O, Na2O, and MgO. 25. d(nucleus) 3 1015 g/cm3; d(atom) 0.4 g/cm3 27. ...
VCE Biology TSFX REVISION LECTURE UNIT 3 Part 1
... that polypeptides and proteins are folded, coiled or pleated can be described by secondary (within the chain) and tertiary (overall chain shape) structures, and that those proteins made up of two or more polypeptide chains may be described by a quaternary structure. Students are expected to identify ...
... that polypeptides and proteins are folded, coiled or pleated can be described by secondary (within the chain) and tertiary (overall chain shape) structures, and that those proteins made up of two or more polypeptide chains may be described by a quaternary structure. Students are expected to identify ...
Shedding Light on the Bioluminescence “Paradox”
... by an enzyme, luciferase, that contains two proteins, designated LuxA and LuxB (Fig. 1). LuxAB sequentially binds FMNH2, O2, and an aliphatic aldehyde (RCHO) that are converted to an aliphatic acid, FMN, and water. In turn, they are released from the enzyme with the concomitant production of light ( ...
... by an enzyme, luciferase, that contains two proteins, designated LuxA and LuxB (Fig. 1). LuxAB sequentially binds FMNH2, O2, and an aliphatic aldehyde (RCHO) that are converted to an aliphatic acid, FMN, and water. In turn, they are released from the enzyme with the concomitant production of light ( ...
Module 3- Bioenergetics - Bangen Athletic Development
... blood lactate threshold pushes these markers to occur at higher exercise intensities. This shift probably occurs as a result of changes in hormone release and increased mitochondrial content. This shift allows athletes to perform more work before fatigue sets in. Oxygen deficit is the anaerobic cont ...
... blood lactate threshold pushes these markers to occur at higher exercise intensities. This shift probably occurs as a result of changes in hormone release and increased mitochondrial content. This shift allows athletes to perform more work before fatigue sets in. Oxygen deficit is the anaerobic cont ...
CHM2045 Exam 2 Review Questions Fall 2015
... wavelength 122 mm. Assuming that the specific heat capacity of the soup is the same as that of water (4.184 J/g°C) and no heat loss to the bowl, which choice is closest to the number of photons absorbed? ...
... wavelength 122 mm. Assuming that the specific heat capacity of the soup is the same as that of water (4.184 J/g°C) and no heat loss to the bowl, which choice is closest to the number of photons absorbed? ...
GLYCOLYSIS Generation of ATP from Metabolic Fuels
... Valve that controls glycolysis 1st major committed step – can’t go back PFK is INACTIVE when [ATP] cell is HIGH i. Makes good sense – when ATP is high, glycolysis no necessary so turned down at PFK f. If [AMP] (low energy precursor of ATP) HIGH, tells cell energy is LOW and to make more ATP g. Inhib ...
... Valve that controls glycolysis 1st major committed step – can’t go back PFK is INACTIVE when [ATP] cell is HIGH i. Makes good sense – when ATP is high, glycolysis no necessary so turned down at PFK f. If [AMP] (low energy precursor of ATP) HIGH, tells cell energy is LOW and to make more ATP g. Inhib ...
Glutaric Aciduria Type 11: Evidence for a Defect Related to
... dehydrogenation o f fatty acid acyl-CoAs and glutaryl-CoA. However, dehydrogenation o f (C6-C10) fatty acid acyl-CoA derivatives and glutaryl-CoA was normal when the dehydrogenases were measured in fibroblast homogenate with artificial electron acceptors. In vivo, these dehydrogenases transfer their ...
... dehydrogenation o f fatty acid acyl-CoAs and glutaryl-CoA. However, dehydrogenation o f (C6-C10) fatty acid acyl-CoA derivatives and glutaryl-CoA was normal when the dehydrogenases were measured in fibroblast homogenate with artificial electron acceptors. In vivo, these dehydrogenases transfer their ...
include - cloudfront.net
... -identify hydrogen bonds (hold bases together) -number of H-bonds between complementary bases not required -details of base structure not required ...
... -identify hydrogen bonds (hold bases together) -number of H-bonds between complementary bases not required -details of base structure not required ...
Enter Topic Title in each section above
... Q. What is the first stage process of respiration called? ...
... Q. What is the first stage process of respiration called? ...
BIOENERGETICS AND METABOLISM
... simultaneous synthesis and degradation of fatty acids would be wasteful, however, and this is prevented by reciprocally regulating the anabolic and catabolic reaction sequences: when one sequence is active, the other is suppressed. Such regulation could not occur if anabolic and catabolic pathways w ...
... simultaneous synthesis and degradation of fatty acids would be wasteful, however, and this is prevented by reciprocally regulating the anabolic and catabolic reaction sequences: when one sequence is active, the other is suppressed. Such regulation could not occur if anabolic and catabolic pathways w ...
The rocky roots of the acetyl
... active site of which is called the ‘H-cluster’. In other words, the structure and atomic coordination of catalytically essential (Fe,Ni)S centres of (Fe,Ni)S proteins are not inventions of the biological world, rather they are mimics of minerals that are indisputably older and which themselves have ...
... active site of which is called the ‘H-cluster’. In other words, the structure and atomic coordination of catalytically essential (Fe,Ni)S centres of (Fe,Ni)S proteins are not inventions of the biological world, rather they are mimics of minerals that are indisputably older and which themselves have ...
Structure of mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier in complex with
... ATP, the principal energy currency of the cell, fuels most biosynthetic reactions in the cytoplasm by its hydrolysis into ADP and inorganic phosphate. Because resynthesis of ATP occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, ATP is exported into the cytoplasm while ADP is imported into the matrix. The exchange ...
... ATP, the principal energy currency of the cell, fuels most biosynthetic reactions in the cytoplasm by its hydrolysis into ADP and inorganic phosphate. Because resynthesis of ATP occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, ATP is exported into the cytoplasm while ADP is imported into the matrix. The exchange ...
BIO 322_Rec_4part1_Spring 2013
... At the final, 3rd step, carnitine acyl transferase II regenarates fatty acyl CoA in the matrix, the relased carnitine back to intermemb via same transporter. Linkage of CoA and fatty acyl CoA pools in the cytosol (Biosynthesis) and ...
... At the final, 3rd step, carnitine acyl transferase II regenarates fatty acyl CoA in the matrix, the relased carnitine back to intermemb via same transporter. Linkage of CoA and fatty acyl CoA pools in the cytosol (Biosynthesis) and ...
Effect of microaerobiosis
... scale of complexity of photosynthesis, contemporary cyanobacteria, resembles closely to higher plants (Mulkidjanian et al., 2006). The cyanobacterial oxygenic photosynthesis is a multiplex cumulative process performed by diverse pigmentprotein complex located in thylakoid membranes inside cyanobacte ...
... scale of complexity of photosynthesis, contemporary cyanobacteria, resembles closely to higher plants (Mulkidjanian et al., 2006). The cyanobacterial oxygenic photosynthesis is a multiplex cumulative process performed by diverse pigmentprotein complex located in thylakoid membranes inside cyanobacte ...
Midterm #2 - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... a) Xylitol, an artificial sweetener sold under the brand name Xylosweet and a supplement in chewing gum, has been proven to reduce cavities. Xylitol (see structure below) is a sugar alcohol, which is converted into xylulose-5-P (Xu5P) by two reactions. Use the following information: ADP is a product ...
... a) Xylitol, an artificial sweetener sold under the brand name Xylosweet and a supplement in chewing gum, has been proven to reduce cavities. Xylitol (see structure below) is a sugar alcohol, which is converted into xylulose-5-P (Xu5P) by two reactions. Use the following information: ADP is a product ...
Secondary metabolism is a term for pathways and products
... the energy of absorbed visible light to make organic compounds. These organic compounds are the starting point for all other biosynthetic pathway. The products of photosynthesis provide not only the substrate material but also chemical energy for all subsequent biosynthesis. The light of appropriate ...
... the energy of absorbed visible light to make organic compounds. These organic compounds are the starting point for all other biosynthetic pathway. The products of photosynthesis provide not only the substrate material but also chemical energy for all subsequent biosynthesis. The light of appropriate ...
The role of photosynthesis and amino acid metabolism in the energy
... energy status of developing seeds was obtained in research aiming to enhance the nutritional quality of seeds by increasing Lys accumulation (Zhu and Galili, 2003). Lys is an essential amino acid that serves a vital role in human food and livestock feed, since humans and some livestock (such as chic ...
... energy status of developing seeds was obtained in research aiming to enhance the nutritional quality of seeds by increasing Lys accumulation (Zhu and Galili, 2003). Lys is an essential amino acid that serves a vital role in human food and livestock feed, since humans and some livestock (such as chic ...