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Peripheral Nervous System 1: The Somatic System
Peripheral Nervous System 1: The Somatic System

... • Dendrites: carry nerve impulses toward cell body • Axon: carries impulses away from cell body • Synapses: site of communication between neurons using chemical neurotransmitters • Myelin & myelin sheath: lipoprotein covering produced by glial cells (e.g., Schwann cells in PNS) that increases axonal ...
Class Notes
Class Notes

... The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis by regulating a wide variety of visceral activities and by linking the endocrine system with the nervous system. a. The hypothalamus regulates heart rate and arterial blood pressure, body temperature, water and electrolyte balance, hunger and body weight, movem ...
Title of Presentation - Cambodian Ophthalmological Society
Title of Presentation - Cambodian Ophthalmological Society

... • Trauma – Common cause – Direct – Secondary to subdural hematoma or uncal herniation ...
Airgas template - Morgan Community College
Airgas template - Morgan Community College

... Cerebral peduncles carry nerve fibers from the cerebrum to the hindbrain  Cerebral aqueduct lets cerebrospinal fluid drain from the fourth ventricle inside the ...
Axon 轴突
Axon 轴突

... The shape of the cell body is dependent on the number of processes arising from it. The most common type of neuron gives off several processes from the cell body is, therefore, multipolar. Some neurons have only one axon and one dendrite and are bipolar. ...
Biological Bases of Behavior - Mrs. Short`s AP Psychology Class
Biological Bases of Behavior - Mrs. Short`s AP Psychology Class

... someone else • mimicking the movements of a coach or dancer, etc. ...
Neural Anatomy and Function
Neural Anatomy and Function

... When the heads swivel the fibers of the deltoid muscle will shorten The shortening of the fibers will pull on the humerus causing Derrek to swing the bat The muscle spindles “tell” the CNS when the arm is in the correct position If all goes as planned, the deltoid and pectoralis major will move his ...
Nervous System - Alamo Colleges
Nervous System - Alamo Colleges

...  These are named after drugs that bind to them and mimic ACh effects ...
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... The genome is a sequence of proteins located on the chromosome. This genome provides the information necessary to synthesize all the proteins for a particular organism. ...
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presentation source

... • The Hodgkin Cycle is triggered at one Node after another. This amplifies the signal. • The signal travels passively as an electrical current between Nodes. • The thick myelin insulation of the Internode allows the local circuit current to spread much further and faster than in un-myelinated fibres ...
Chapter 49 Student Guided Notes
Chapter 49 Student Guided Notes

...  Addictive drugs include stimulants, such as cocaine and amphetamine, and sedatives, such as heroin.  All of these drugs, as well as alcohol and nicotine, are addictive for the same reason: Each increases activity of the brain’s reward system, neural circuitry that normally functions in pleasure, ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... signal transmitted by a neuron • As signals move from one neuron to another, they must cross the synapse. This is the transition zone between two neurons (a very small gap) ...
Peripheral Nervous System The Somatic System
Peripheral Nervous System The Somatic System

... • Dendrites: carry nerve impulses toward cell body • Axon: carries impulses away from cell body • Synapses: site of communication between neurons using chemical neurotransmitters • Myelin & myelin sheath: lipoprotein covering produced by glial cells (e.g., Schwann cells in PNS) that increases axonal ...
Biological Basis of Behavior Lecture 10 II. BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF
Biological Basis of Behavior Lecture 10 II. BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF

... information from the sensory organs and controls movements of the skeletal muscles for voluntary and involuntary behavior. The Autonomic Nervous System: The regulation of the smooth muscles, cardiac muscle and glands. The function of the Autonomic Nervous System is the regulation of “vegetative proc ...
Ch 27 Neurones and Neural Pathways
Ch 27 Neurones and Neural Pathways

... between an axon ending of one neurone and the membrane of the dendrite (or sometimes the cell body) of the next neurone • The nerve cell before the synapse is called the presynaptic neurone; the one after is called the postsynaptic neurone • It is at the synapse that information is passed on by mean ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... There are two types of neurons: Sensory: Gather information from around the body and send it to the brain. Receptors detect change inside and outside the body.(Ex. Eyes) Motor: Send messages from the brain to the rest of the body. They cause a reaction to occur. (Ex. Muscles to contract) ...
Biological and Psychology Why are psychologists concerned about
Biological and Psychology Why are psychologists concerned about

...  Approximately 100 billion neurons and 10 trillion connections  Speeds up to 330 miles per hour  Glia Cells: Provide support and nutrition  Over 200 types of neurons and glia cells Common Features of Neurons  Dendrites  Cell body or soma  Axon  Myelin sheath  Terminal buttons Synapse - a ju ...
Chapter 9 - Nervous System
Chapter 9 - Nervous System

... The outer layer of myelin is surrounded by a neurilemma (neurilemmal sheath) made up of the cytoplasm and nuclei of the Schwann cell. b. Narrow gaps in the myelin sheath between Schwann cells are called nodes of Ranvier. ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Camillo Golgi was born in July 1843 in Corteno, a village in the mountains near Brescia in northern Italy, where his father was working as a district medical officer. He studied medicine at the University of Pavia, where he attended as an 'intern student' the Institute of Psychiatry directed by Cesa ...
Toxicology of the Nervous System
Toxicology of the Nervous System

... Glutamate activates two types of ion channels (AMPA and NMDA) Cell Death is associated with excessive calcium entry through NMDA receptors ...
Nerves Ganglia Spinal nerves Cranial nerves Afferent neurons
Nerves Ganglia Spinal nerves Cranial nerves Afferent neurons

... Division of the ANS that regulates resting and nutrition-related functions such as digestion, defecation, and urination ...
FinalStudyGuide
FinalStudyGuide

...  What is the % of red blood cells in a sample called?  What is erythropoietin & when is it released?  Study features/characteristics of WBC, what are they properly called, their primary functions, conditions that arise when there are too many, too few, etc.  What are thrombocytes?  Who was Karl ...
Spinal Cord - Northside Middle School
Spinal Cord - Northside Middle School

... The limbic system wraps around the brain stem and is beneath the cerebral cortex. It is a major center for emotion formation and processing, for learning, and for memory. The limbic system contains many parts, including the cingulate gyrus, a band of cortex that runs from the front of the brain to ...
Audition and Equilibrium
Audition and Equilibrium

... • Pitch coded by location of vibrations of Organ of Corti : Which hair cells are stimulated…which set of sensory axons have action potentials • Intensity coded by degree of displacement of stereocilia of hair cells and ultimately the frequency of action potentials in those axons that are active ...
1. What two communication systems run through the body
1. What two communication systems run through the body

... The brain is composed of what two kinds of NERVE CELLS (NEURONS) GLIAL CELLS What brain cells act as glue and garbage collectors for dead neuron cells? GLIAL CELLS Electro-chemical message sent from one neuron to another. ACTION POTENTIAL Please name the nerve fiber which sends the action potential ...
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Neuroregeneration

Neuroregeneration refers to the regrowth or repair of nervous tissues, cells or cell products. Such mechanisms may include generation of new neurons, glia, axons, myelin, or synapses. Neuroregeneration differs between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) by the functional mechanisms and especially the extent and speed. When an axon is damaged, the distal segment undergoes Wallerian degeneration, losing its myelin sheath. The proximal segment can either die by apoptosis or undergo the chromatolytic reaction, which is an attempt at repair. In the CNS, synaptic stripping occurs as glial foot processes invade the dead synapse.Nervous system injuries affect over 90,000 people every year. It is estimated that spinal cord injuries alone affect 10,000 each year. As a result of this high incidence of neurological injuries, nerve regeneration and repair, a subfield of neural tissue engineering, is becoming a rapidly growing field dedicated to the discovery of new ways to recover nerve functionality after injury. The nervous system is divided into two parts: the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which consists of cranial and spinal nerves along with their associated ganglia. While the peripheral nervous system has an intrinsic ability for repair and regeneration, the central nervous system is, for the most part, incapable of self-repair and regeneration. There is currently no treatment for recovering human nerve function after injury to the central nervous system. In addition, multiple attempts at nerve re-growth across the PNS-CNS transition have not been successful. There is simply not enough knowledge about regeneration in the central nervous system. In addition, although the peripheral nervous system has the capability for regeneration, much research still needs to be done to optimize the environment for maximum regrowth potential. Neuroregeneration is important clinically, as it is part of the pathogenesis of many diseases, including multiple sclerosis.
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