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power point for chap 11
power point for chap 11

... more susceptible than others, but there is no evidence that MS is directly inherited. • MS occurs more commonly among people with northern European ancestry, but people of African, Asian, and Hispanic backgrounds are not immune. • Approximately 400,000 Americans acknowledge having MS, and every week ...
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Psychobiology Neurons= transmit information, human brain has 86

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1 Introduction to the Nervous System. Code: HMP 100/ UPC 103

... In the last lecture, we covered the basic anatomy of the nervous system. We saw that it is divided into many divisions and parts. Now in this lecture, we will cover some functional organisation of the nervous system. You know that the nervous system carries out many different functions unlike oth ...
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Name Date ______ Nervous System and Endocrine System Exam

... 1. The FUNCTION of the nervous and endocrine system is to _________________________ all life processes. 2. The electrochemical message that travels through the nervous system is called an ____________________. 3. The change in the environment that starts an impulse in a receptor is called a ________ ...
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Session 2, Lecture 1, Tissue background Tissue : A cellular

... 3. to provide navigational cues for migratory cells 4. to provide signals that alter cell behavior, and to sequester biologically active compounds such as growth factors ...
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... • Cell body – main cell where organelles and nuclei reside • Dendrite – many, short extensions that carry impulses to a cell body • Receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons • Signals result in nerve impulses that are conducted by an axon ...
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... – Makes person feel happy and active Dopamine raises the body's temperature and increases metabolic rate Gives you euphoric feelings and allows you to be active Drug and alcohol abuse will block dopamine receptors and therefore a person needs to take more to get the same effect ...
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Nerve Cell Flashcards

... 27. Where do most brain tumors originate from? Most tumors of the brain originate from glial cells. 28. What is Wallerian Degeneration? process that results when a nerve fiber is cut or crushed, in which the part of the axon separated from the neuron's cell body degenerates distal to the injury. ...
Nerve Cell Flashcards
Nerve Cell Flashcards

... 27. Where do most brain tumors originate from? Most tumors of the brain originate from glial cells. 28. What is Wallerian Degeneration? process that results when a nerve fiber is cut or crushed, in which the part of the axon separated from the neuron's cell body degenerates distal to the injury. ...
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Protocadherin mediates collective axon extension of neurons

... row). In Pcdh17 mutants, an axon stops elongating when it comes into contact with another axon (bottom row). Neurons express Pcdh17 are labeled green, non-Pcdh17 expressing neurons are labeled red. ...
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Nervous System

...  sensory neurons: - receive information from body and senses - transmit to spinal cord and brain  motor neurons: - transmit information from brain and spinal cord - control muscles and glands  interneuron: between sensory and motor neurons; in brain.  glial: support cells for neurons ...
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... A. The nervous system is organized into two major divisions: 1. The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the brain and spinal cord. 2. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes all the nerves that carry signals to and from the brain and spinal cord. B. General Paths of Information Flow 1. ...
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Levels of Biological Organization

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Levels of Biological Organization

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OVERVIEW OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM:

... Neurons in 1o somatosensory ctx are at least 3 synapses away from the peripheral Rs. RFs of cortical neurons are larger than RFs of peripheral Rs. Successful discrimination in the ctx is accomplished by the fact that a cortical neurons responds BEST at a particular spot. Integration of info for stim ...
lecture - McLoon Lab - University of Minnesota
lecture - McLoon Lab - University of Minnesota

...  Star-shaped glial cells in the CNS  Most abundant cell type of the brain and spinal cord  Surround most synaspes Functions of astrocytes:  Contribute to the cellular scaffolding  Secrete extracellular matrix molecules  Provide trophic support for neurons  Form external limiting membrane of b ...
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Neurones & the Action Potential

... Contribution of Active Transport There are different numbers of potassium ions (K+) and sodium ions (Na+) on either side of the membrane. Even when a nerve cell is not conducting an impulse, for each ATP molecule that’s hydrolysed, it is actively transporting 3 molecules Na+ out of the cell and 2 m ...
Florence Bareyre - scientia.global
Florence Bareyre - scientia.global

... previously identified growth-inhibiting factors in the CNS and growthpromoting factors in the PNS. For example, particular proteins in CNS myelin and other molecules associated with astroglial scars are known to inhibit axon growth and plasticity. At the same time, the down-regulated expression of g ...
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outline28002

... e. Adherence- cellular proliferation. P. Future Projects and Research a. Transretinal stimulation i. Transcleral, intrascleral, or suprachoroidal electrodes b. Biocompatible carbon nanotubes (retinal prostheses) c. Implants with photosensitive dyes to generate impulses d. Neurotransmitters used to ...
nervous systems
nervous systems

... Potassium channels open more slowly than the sodium channels and stay open longer; this allows potassium ions to carry excess positive charges out of the axon. Potassium channels thus help the plasma membrane return to its resting potential, ...
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BDS Ist YEAR EXAMINATION 2008-09

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Neuroregeneration

Neuroregeneration refers to the regrowth or repair of nervous tissues, cells or cell products. Such mechanisms may include generation of new neurons, glia, axons, myelin, or synapses. Neuroregeneration differs between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) by the functional mechanisms and especially the extent and speed. When an axon is damaged, the distal segment undergoes Wallerian degeneration, losing its myelin sheath. The proximal segment can either die by apoptosis or undergo the chromatolytic reaction, which is an attempt at repair. In the CNS, synaptic stripping occurs as glial foot processes invade the dead synapse.Nervous system injuries affect over 90,000 people every year. It is estimated that spinal cord injuries alone affect 10,000 each year. As a result of this high incidence of neurological injuries, nerve regeneration and repair, a subfield of neural tissue engineering, is becoming a rapidly growing field dedicated to the discovery of new ways to recover nerve functionality after injury. The nervous system is divided into two parts: the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which consists of cranial and spinal nerves along with their associated ganglia. While the peripheral nervous system has an intrinsic ability for repair and regeneration, the central nervous system is, for the most part, incapable of self-repair and regeneration. There is currently no treatment for recovering human nerve function after injury to the central nervous system. In addition, multiple attempts at nerve re-growth across the PNS-CNS transition have not been successful. There is simply not enough knowledge about regeneration in the central nervous system. In addition, although the peripheral nervous system has the capability for regeneration, much research still needs to be done to optimize the environment for maximum regrowth potential. Neuroregeneration is important clinically, as it is part of the pathogenesis of many diseases, including multiple sclerosis.
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