Nervous System Quiz Answers
... Microglia – phagocytes of CNS engulf invading microorganisms and dead neurons. Ependymal – simple epithelium that lines central cavity of brain and spinal cord. NOTE: I did not list the Schwann cells because they are part of the PNS not CNS. 2. How does a nerve send a “message” when stimulated? (8pt ...
... Microglia – phagocytes of CNS engulf invading microorganisms and dead neurons. Ependymal – simple epithelium that lines central cavity of brain and spinal cord. NOTE: I did not list the Schwann cells because they are part of the PNS not CNS. 2. How does a nerve send a “message” when stimulated? (8pt ...
ch 48 clicker questions
... The use of organophosphate pesticides that inhibit acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine, could cause skeletal muscle cells to a) undergo more graded depolarizations, because acetylcholine would remain in the synaptic cleft longer. b) undergo more graded hyperpolarizations, ...
... The use of organophosphate pesticides that inhibit acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine, could cause skeletal muscle cells to a) undergo more graded depolarizations, because acetylcholine would remain in the synaptic cleft longer. b) undergo more graded hyperpolarizations, ...
Unit 3A–Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
... Words) the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream (2 Words) a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system the meeting point between neurons which is composed of three parts: the presynaptic ending that contains neurotran ...
... Words) the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream (2 Words) a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system the meeting point between neurons which is composed of three parts: the presynaptic ending that contains neurotran ...
6.2 Transmission of Nerve Impulses
... 2. If stimulus is received it must reach a critical voltage before it will have an effect on the neuron - Once critical voltage is reached, gated channels in the neuron’s membrane open and sodium ions (NA+) rush into the cell . The net effect is depolarization of the membrane (more positive charge i ...
... 2. If stimulus is received it must reach a critical voltage before it will have an effect on the neuron - Once critical voltage is reached, gated channels in the neuron’s membrane open and sodium ions (NA+) rush into the cell . The net effect is depolarization of the membrane (more positive charge i ...
week4am
... see depolarization (change from negative inside neuron to more positive) ◦ “threshold” – if a great enough depolarization occurs, an action potential will occur ◦ action potential – very quick – milliseconds Other terms – spike, firing, generating an AP ...
... see depolarization (change from negative inside neuron to more positive) ◦ “threshold” – if a great enough depolarization occurs, an action potential will occur ◦ action potential – very quick – milliseconds Other terms – spike, firing, generating an AP ...
Nervous System - De Anza College
... 1. action potential depolarizes the plasma membrane of the synaptic terminal 2. opens voltage-gated calcium channels in the membrane; influx of Ca++ ...
... 1. action potential depolarizes the plasma membrane of the synaptic terminal 2. opens voltage-gated calcium channels in the membrane; influx of Ca++ ...
STUDY GUIDE CHAPTERS 48 and 50 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
... How does temporal summation differ from spatial summation. J. Modulated signaling at synapses. Summarize the events that occur when norepinephrine binds to its metabotropic receptor. K. After reading about Neurotransmitters, make a list of the functions of each: Acetylcholine, Glutamate, GABA, Norep ...
... How does temporal summation differ from spatial summation. J. Modulated signaling at synapses. Summarize the events that occur when norepinephrine binds to its metabotropic receptor. K. After reading about Neurotransmitters, make a list of the functions of each: Acetylcholine, Glutamate, GABA, Norep ...
Checkpoint Answers
... 4. Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes have similar functions. true 5. Regeneration of CNS axons may be prevented by inhibitory proteins in the membranes of the myelin sheath as well as glial scars. true 6. The blood-brain barrier results mostly from the action of __________, a type of glial cell. A. ...
... 4. Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes have similar functions. true 5. Regeneration of CNS axons may be prevented by inhibitory proteins in the membranes of the myelin sheath as well as glial scars. true 6. The blood-brain barrier results mostly from the action of __________, a type of glial cell. A. ...
Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Reading Guide 48.1
... 48.4 Neurons communicate with other cells at synapses 20. When the wave of depolarization arrives at the synaptic terminal, calcium ion channels open. What occurs to the synaptic vesicles as Ca2+ level increases? 21. What is contained within the synaptic vesicle? 22. Label the following figure: syna ...
... 48.4 Neurons communicate with other cells at synapses 20. When the wave of depolarization arrives at the synaptic terminal, calcium ion channels open. What occurs to the synaptic vesicles as Ca2+ level increases? 21. What is contained within the synaptic vesicle? 22. Label the following figure: syna ...
Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Reading Guide 48.1
... 48.4 Neurons communicate with other cells at synapses 20. When the wave of depolarization arrives at the synaptic terminal, calcium ion channels open. What occurs to the synaptic vesicles as Ca2+ level increases? 21. What is contained within the synaptic vesicle? 22. Label the following figure: syna ...
... 48.4 Neurons communicate with other cells at synapses 20. When the wave of depolarization arrives at the synaptic terminal, calcium ion channels open. What occurs to the synaptic vesicles as Ca2+ level increases? 21. What is contained within the synaptic vesicle? 22. Label the following figure: syna ...
VII. The Nervous System
... 3. Chemical Synapse- a chemical called a neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic cell and binds to receptors on a postsynaptic cells causing it to fire. a) An action potential arriving at the synaptic terminal at the end of an axon causes Ca+2 to rush through voltage sensitive channels b) ...
... 3. Chemical Synapse- a chemical called a neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic cell and binds to receptors on a postsynaptic cells causing it to fire. a) An action potential arriving at the synaptic terminal at the end of an axon causes Ca+2 to rush through voltage sensitive channels b) ...
The following are Biology 201 terms that will be used in Biology 202
... 201 and since we stress homeostasis in both courses there will be a fair amount of information from biology 201 that is used in 202. The following terms you are expected to know and be able to use in biology 202. Anatomical position Directional terms Body planes and sections Body cavities Homeostasi ...
... 201 and since we stress homeostasis in both courses there will be a fair amount of information from biology 201 that is used in 202. The following terms you are expected to know and be able to use in biology 202. Anatomical position Directional terms Body planes and sections Body cavities Homeostasi ...
Norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter
... a.Regions of the midbrain send dopaminergic neurons to regions of the forebrain. b.Involved in emotional reward systems and associated with addictions such as nicotine, alcohol, and other drugs c. Schizophrenia is associated with too much dopamine in this system. 1)Drugs that treat schizophrenia are ...
... a.Regions of the midbrain send dopaminergic neurons to regions of the forebrain. b.Involved in emotional reward systems and associated with addictions such as nicotine, alcohol, and other drugs c. Schizophrenia is associated with too much dopamine in this system. 1)Drugs that treat schizophrenia are ...
Brainsignals, Synaptic Transmission and Short
... recent measurements by Bollmann and Sakmann Nat Neurosci. (2005), 8, 426-34, in which short [Ca2+] -transients were produced by uncaging, show that only such short transients produce responses, which are similar to action potential-induced ones ...
... recent measurements by Bollmann and Sakmann Nat Neurosci. (2005), 8, 426-34, in which short [Ca2+] -transients were produced by uncaging, show that only such short transients produce responses, which are similar to action potential-induced ones ...
skeletal muscle notes
... 1. Ca binds to troponin. 2. A shape change in troponin moves tropomyocin out of the way of actin binding site. 3. Actin and myosin bind using energy from cleaved ATP. ...
... 1. Ca binds to troponin. 2. A shape change in troponin moves tropomyocin out of the way of actin binding site. 3. Actin and myosin bind using energy from cleaved ATP. ...
23Neurotransmitter22012-09
... • Its an inhibitory neurotransmitter. • It binds to a receptor which makes the post synaptic membrane more permeable to Cl- Ion and cause hyperpolarization ...
... • Its an inhibitory neurotransmitter. • It binds to a receptor which makes the post synaptic membrane more permeable to Cl- Ion and cause hyperpolarization ...
Action_ Resting_Potential
... neuron simply doesn’t fire. Stronger stimuli do not send stronger impulses, but they do send impulses at a faster rate. The Synapse The gap between two cells at a synapse is called the synaptic cleft. The signal-sending cell is called the presynaptic neuron, and the signal-receiving cell is called t ...
... neuron simply doesn’t fire. Stronger stimuli do not send stronger impulses, but they do send impulses at a faster rate. The Synapse The gap between two cells at a synapse is called the synaptic cleft. The signal-sending cell is called the presynaptic neuron, and the signal-receiving cell is called t ...
Choline Esters
... Release of transmitter occurs when voltagesensitive calcium channels in the terminal membrane are opened, allowing an influx of calcium. The resulting increase in intracellular calcium causes fusion of vesicles with the surface membrane and exocytotic expulsion of acetylcholine and cotransmitters in ...
... Release of transmitter occurs when voltagesensitive calcium channels in the terminal membrane are opened, allowing an influx of calcium. The resulting increase in intracellular calcium causes fusion of vesicles with the surface membrane and exocytotic expulsion of acetylcholine and cotransmitters in ...
Neuromuscular junction
A neuromuscular junction (sometimes called a myoneural junction) is a junction between nerve and muscle; it is a chemical synapse formed by the contact between the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron and the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber. It is at the neuromuscular junction that a motor neuron is able to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction.Muscles require innervation to function—and even just to maintain muscle tone, avoiding atrophy. Synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction begins when an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron, which activates voltage-dependent calcium channels to allow calcium ions to enter the neuron. Calcium ions bind to sensor proteins (synaptotagmin) on synaptic vesicles, triggering vesicle fusion with the cell membrane and subsequent neurotransmitter release from the motor neuron into the synaptic cleft. In vertebrates, motor neurons release acetylcholine (ACh), a small molecule neurotransmitter, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the cell membrane of the muscle fiber, also known as the sarcolemma. nAChRs are ionotropic receptors, meaning they serve as ligand-gated ion channels. The binding of ACh to the receptor can depolarize the muscle fiber, causing a cascade that eventually results in muscle contraction.Neuromuscular junction diseases can be of genetic and autoimmune origin. Genetic disorders, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, can arise from mutated structural proteins that comprise the neuromuscular junction, whereas autoimmune diseases, such as myasthenia gravis, occur when antibodies are produced against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the sarcolemma.