3 Types of Muscle Tissue SKELETAL MUSCLE CARDIAC MUSCLE
... Multinucleated due to being very active Cylindrical shape Voluntary control ...
... Multinucleated due to being very active Cylindrical shape Voluntary control ...
Ch. 12 – Nerve Cells
... •pumps Na+ OUT and K+ IN against concentration gradient (requires energy in the form of ATP) •KEY!: only 2 K+ come in for every 3 Na+ out •This creates cell interior that is negative compared to exterior •Cell interior is -70 millivolts compared to outside ...
... •pumps Na+ OUT and K+ IN against concentration gradient (requires energy in the form of ATP) •KEY!: only 2 K+ come in for every 3 Na+ out •This creates cell interior that is negative compared to exterior •Cell interior is -70 millivolts compared to outside ...
Nervous System Function
... NT binding site – NT activates a “second messenger” (1st is the NT) inside the cell Change function of cell (e.g., change protein production to permanently alter cell function for learning) ...
... NT binding site – NT activates a “second messenger” (1st is the NT) inside the cell Change function of cell (e.g., change protein production to permanently alter cell function for learning) ...
Synapses and neuronal signalling
... • Ca2+ dependency of presynaptic neurotransmitter release processes • Machinery of transmitter exocytosis • Nature of the release event • Vesicle recycling • Presynaptic inhibition and autoinhibition • Facilitation, potentiation of transmitter release ...
... • Ca2+ dependency of presynaptic neurotransmitter release processes • Machinery of transmitter exocytosis • Nature of the release event • Vesicle recycling • Presynaptic inhibition and autoinhibition • Facilitation, potentiation of transmitter release ...
2016-2017_1stSemester_Exam2_180117_final
... It is a building block of all proteins, but a high affinity transport system is required to get it through the ____ _____________________________________, thereby its concentration in brain fluids is also maintained at a fairly constant level. It is also synthetized in the CNS by the enzyme ________ ...
... It is a building block of all proteins, but a high affinity transport system is required to get it through the ____ _____________________________________, thereby its concentration in brain fluids is also maintained at a fairly constant level. It is also synthetized in the CNS by the enzyme ________ ...
Nervous System
... postsynaptic membrane and drives the neuron away from AP threshold. Neurotransmitter binding opens K+ or Cl– channels. ...
... postsynaptic membrane and drives the neuron away from AP threshold. Neurotransmitter binding opens K+ or Cl– channels. ...
14.1 Nervous Control notes - Mr Cartlidge`s Saigon Science Blog
... CNS - brain and spinal cord, which have the role of coordination; PNS - nerves, which connect all parts of the body to the CNS; Sense organs are linked to the PNS; they contain groups of receptor cells; When exposed to a stimulus they generate an electrical impulse, which passes along periph ...
... CNS - brain and spinal cord, which have the role of coordination; PNS - nerves, which connect all parts of the body to the CNS; Sense organs are linked to the PNS; they contain groups of receptor cells; When exposed to a stimulus they generate an electrical impulse, which passes along periph ...
The Nervous System
... electrical charge that travels down an axon **Neurons that are stimulated cause a brief electrical charge; if strong enough, the nerve fires **ALL OR NOTHING Threshold: level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse; excitatory signals minus inhibitory signals must equal a minimum intensi ...
... electrical charge that travels down an axon **Neurons that are stimulated cause a brief electrical charge; if strong enough, the nerve fires **ALL OR NOTHING Threshold: level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse; excitatory signals minus inhibitory signals must equal a minimum intensi ...
Signal Transduction pt 1
... the receptor acts as a gate, blocking transfer of ions Upon activation by the ligand the gate opens to allow the flow of specific ions Important for the nervous system – gated ion channels on receiving cells cause channels to open allowing neurotransmitters to trigger an electrical signal (some ...
... the receptor acts as a gate, blocking transfer of ions Upon activation by the ligand the gate opens to allow the flow of specific ions Important for the nervous system – gated ion channels on receiving cells cause channels to open allowing neurotransmitters to trigger an electrical signal (some ...
neuron and nervous system
... electrical charge that travels down an axon **Neurons that are stimulated cause a brief electrical charge; if strong enough, the nerve fires **ALL OR NOTHING Threshold: level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse; excitatory signals minus inhibitory signals must equal a minimum intensi ...
... electrical charge that travels down an axon **Neurons that are stimulated cause a brief electrical charge; if strong enough, the nerve fires **ALL OR NOTHING Threshold: level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse; excitatory signals minus inhibitory signals must equal a minimum intensi ...
Neurons and Neurotransmitters
... Once released neurotransmitter molecules are picked up by receptors - structures that appear on cellular surfaces that pick up molecules that fit into them like a "lock and key" ...
... Once released neurotransmitter molecules are picked up by receptors - structures that appear on cellular surfaces that pick up molecules that fit into them like a "lock and key" ...
Nervous System
... longer able to respond to the stimulus. C) The responding cell runs out of potassium and is no longer able to respond to the stimulus. D) The chemically gated ion channels of the receiving cell's membrane can only transport for a short period of time before they close. E) The neurotransmitter is bro ...
... longer able to respond to the stimulus. C) The responding cell runs out of potassium and is no longer able to respond to the stimulus. D) The chemically gated ion channels of the receiving cell's membrane can only transport for a short period of time before they close. E) The neurotransmitter is bro ...
Understanding-the.. - Windsor C
... • Action potential: when excited, pores open and + ions flow through axon “firing” an electrical pathway to the terminal button – Increase in + ions is called depolarization – the # of ions necessary for “firing” is called the threshold • Once the process starts, it cannot stop: All-ornone principle ...
... • Action potential: when excited, pores open and + ions flow through axon “firing” an electrical pathway to the terminal button – Increase in + ions is called depolarization – the # of ions necessary for “firing” is called the threshold • Once the process starts, it cannot stop: All-ornone principle ...
OCR Document - MrsGorukhomework
... dendrites waiting to pick up the signal are called the post-synaptic membrane. When an action' potential depolarizes the membrane of the synaptic it triggers a movement of calcium ions. Ca2+ are in the synapse, when the impulse reaches the synapse, the ions go into the pre-synaptic knob. This causes ...
... dendrites waiting to pick up the signal are called the post-synaptic membrane. When an action' potential depolarizes the membrane of the synaptic it triggers a movement of calcium ions. Ca2+ are in the synapse, when the impulse reaches the synapse, the ions go into the pre-synaptic knob. This causes ...
Functional Human Physiology for the Exercise and Sport Sciences
... The net effect of EPSPs and IPSPs on the post-synaptic membrane will determine if the net effect is excitatory or inhibitory. If the net effect is more excitatory than inhibitory, an action potential will be generated on the post-synaptic membrane and impulse transduction will occur The opposi ...
... The net effect of EPSPs and IPSPs on the post-synaptic membrane will determine if the net effect is excitatory or inhibitory. If the net effect is more excitatory than inhibitory, an action potential will be generated on the post-synaptic membrane and impulse transduction will occur The opposi ...
Sensory function
... is due to a small buildup of negatively charged ions, mainly organic phosphates (PO43-) and proteins, in the cytosol just inside the membrane and an equal buildup of positively charged ions, mainly sodium ions (Na+), in the interstitial fluid just outside the membrane. ...
... is due to a small buildup of negatively charged ions, mainly organic phosphates (PO43-) and proteins, in the cytosol just inside the membrane and an equal buildup of positively charged ions, mainly sodium ions (Na+), in the interstitial fluid just outside the membrane. ...
chapter 10: nervous system i
... List, and discuss the structure and function of the four types of neuroglial cells in the CNS. ...
... List, and discuss the structure and function of the four types of neuroglial cells in the CNS. ...
13. Electrochemical Impulse
... and the action potential moves away from the site of origin. 4. The electrical disturbance moves along the nerve membrane in a wave of depolarization. The membrane is restored, as successive areas once again become more permeable to potassium. The sodium-potassium pump restores and maintains the pol ...
... and the action potential moves away from the site of origin. 4. The electrical disturbance moves along the nerve membrane in a wave of depolarization. The membrane is restored, as successive areas once again become more permeable to potassium. The sodium-potassium pump restores and maintains the pol ...
K - Cloudfront.net
... What happens at the end of the axon? Impulse has to jump the synapse! – junction between neurons – has to jump quickly from one cell to next How does the wave jump the gap? ...
... What happens at the end of the axon? Impulse has to jump the synapse! – junction between neurons – has to jump quickly from one cell to next How does the wave jump the gap? ...
Chapter 9 Nervous
... Motor Neurons - deliver the signal from the CNS to the muscle or gland being stimulated for a response How does it work? Na ions are transferred out into extracellular fluid. K ions are transferred into cell within cytoplasm. This is threshold potential. The permeability of the cell membrane increas ...
... Motor Neurons - deliver the signal from the CNS to the muscle or gland being stimulated for a response How does it work? Na ions are transferred out into extracellular fluid. K ions are transferred into cell within cytoplasm. This is threshold potential. The permeability of the cell membrane increas ...
PSNS 2nd Lecture 1433 - Home - KSU Faculty Member websites
... antiporter that removes protons (carrier B). This transporter can be blocked by vesamicol (cholinergic physiological antagonist) Release of ACh is dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and occurs when an action potential reaches the terminal and triggers sufficient influx of Ca2+ ions The increased Ca ...
... antiporter that removes protons (carrier B). This transporter can be blocked by vesamicol (cholinergic physiological antagonist) Release of ACh is dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and occurs when an action potential reaches the terminal and triggers sufficient influx of Ca2+ ions The increased Ca ...
Neuromuscular junction
A neuromuscular junction (sometimes called a myoneural junction) is a junction between nerve and muscle; it is a chemical synapse formed by the contact between the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron and the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber. It is at the neuromuscular junction that a motor neuron is able to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction.Muscles require innervation to function—and even just to maintain muscle tone, avoiding atrophy. Synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction begins when an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron, which activates voltage-dependent calcium channels to allow calcium ions to enter the neuron. Calcium ions bind to sensor proteins (synaptotagmin) on synaptic vesicles, triggering vesicle fusion with the cell membrane and subsequent neurotransmitter release from the motor neuron into the synaptic cleft. In vertebrates, motor neurons release acetylcholine (ACh), a small molecule neurotransmitter, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the cell membrane of the muscle fiber, also known as the sarcolemma. nAChRs are ionotropic receptors, meaning they serve as ligand-gated ion channels. The binding of ACh to the receptor can depolarize the muscle fiber, causing a cascade that eventually results in muscle contraction.Neuromuscular junction diseases can be of genetic and autoimmune origin. Genetic disorders, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, can arise from mutated structural proteins that comprise the neuromuscular junction, whereas autoimmune diseases, such as myasthenia gravis, occur when antibodies are produced against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the sarcolemma.