chapter 11-nerve tissue
... a. Resting Step-all voltage-gated channels are closed. In this step, impulses are not being generated. b. Depolarization-the reduction of the RMP in neurons. 1) Some specific stimulus forces Sodium Voltage-gated channels to open. 2) Sodium ions, which are most abundant on the outside of a neuron, be ...
... a. Resting Step-all voltage-gated channels are closed. In this step, impulses are not being generated. b. Depolarization-the reduction of the RMP in neurons. 1) Some specific stimulus forces Sodium Voltage-gated channels to open. 2) Sodium ions, which are most abundant on the outside of a neuron, be ...
chapt12_lecturenew
... • neuroglia outnumber the neurons by as much as 50 to 1 • neuroglia or glial cells – support and protect the neurons – bind neurons together and form framework for nervous tissue – in fetus, guide migrating neurons to their destination – if mature neuron is not in synaptic contact with another neuro ...
... • neuroglia outnumber the neurons by as much as 50 to 1 • neuroglia or glial cells – support and protect the neurons – bind neurons together and form framework for nervous tissue – in fetus, guide migrating neurons to their destination – if mature neuron is not in synaptic contact with another neuro ...
Chapter 12: Neural Tissue
... move via simple diffusion • Large molecules are transported by motor proteins called kinesins, which walk along neurotubule tracks to their destinations. • Anterograde transport = soma terminal – neurotransmitters from soma ...
... move via simple diffusion • Large molecules are transported by motor proteins called kinesins, which walk along neurotubule tracks to their destinations. • Anterograde transport = soma terminal – neurotransmitters from soma ...
brain - Austin Community College
... information and formulating an efferent response to include higher cognitive functions Nervous tissue Neuroglia are specialized nervous tissue cells that are smaller and more numerous than neurons. They serve to carry out support functions such as vascularization, phagocytosis and myelinization. The ...
... information and formulating an efferent response to include higher cognitive functions Nervous tissue Neuroglia are specialized nervous tissue cells that are smaller and more numerous than neurons. They serve to carry out support functions such as vascularization, phagocytosis and myelinization. The ...
The cells of the nervous system
... The cells of the nervous system and neurotransmitters • Cell body - The cell body contains a nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus codes for neurotransmitter. The nucleus also codes for the enzyme which makes or breaks down the neurotransmitter. The nucleus codes for receptors on the post synaptic ne ...
... The cells of the nervous system and neurotransmitters • Cell body - The cell body contains a nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus codes for neurotransmitter. The nucleus also codes for the enzyme which makes or breaks down the neurotransmitter. The nucleus codes for receptors on the post synaptic ne ...
Differentiating Upper from Lower Motor Neuron Lesions
... These questions normally result in a rich discussion of spinal cord injury consequences and pathology. It also demonstrates the complexity of the CNS, and the fact that few CNS conditions are explained in absolute terms. For example a SCI can injure ventral motor neurons (LMNs), but the predominant ...
... These questions normally result in a rich discussion of spinal cord injury consequences and pathology. It also demonstrates the complexity of the CNS, and the fact that few CNS conditions are explained in absolute terms. For example a SCI can injure ventral motor neurons (LMNs), but the predominant ...
File
... If the receptor is a sensory neuron, a larger receptor potential results in more frequent action potentials. o If the receptor is not a sensory neuron, a larger receptor potential causes more neurotransmitter to be released, which usually increases the production of action potentials by the postsyna ...
... If the receptor is a sensory neuron, a larger receptor potential results in more frequent action potentials. o If the receptor is not a sensory neuron, a larger receptor potential causes more neurotransmitter to be released, which usually increases the production of action potentials by the postsyna ...
Final Exam - Creighton Biology
... bbbbbb. the breakdown of food into simpler components. cccccc. the transport of food across the epithelial layer of the gut. dddddd. the uptake of nutrients by the liver. eeeeee. the transport of nutrients by the blood and lymph. ffffff. the storage of nutrients for future use. Bile salts are import ...
... bbbbbb. the breakdown of food into simpler components. cccccc. the transport of food across the epithelial layer of the gut. dddddd. the uptake of nutrients by the liver. eeeeee. the transport of nutrients by the blood and lymph. ffffff. the storage of nutrients for future use. Bile salts are import ...
The Nervous System
... Reflexes are automatic, involuntary responses to changes occurring inside or outside the body. Can involve the brain (e.g. blinking) or not involve brain (e.g. withdraw hand from hot stove). The Reflex arc is the main functional unit of the nervous system. It allows us to react to internal and ...
... Reflexes are automatic, involuntary responses to changes occurring inside or outside the body. Can involve the brain (e.g. blinking) or not involve brain (e.g. withdraw hand from hot stove). The Reflex arc is the main functional unit of the nervous system. It allows us to react to internal and ...
CHAPTER 10: NERVOUS SYSTEM I
... * See Clinical Application 10.4, page 382: Opiates in the Human Body. * See Clinical Application 10.5, page 383: Drug Addiction. ...
... * See Clinical Application 10.4, page 382: Opiates in the Human Body. * See Clinical Application 10.5, page 383: Drug Addiction. ...
Synaptic receptors, neurotransmitters and brain modulators
... Is also involved in erection of genitals, via the pelvic splanchnic nerves 2-4. ...
... Is also involved in erection of genitals, via the pelvic splanchnic nerves 2-4. ...
11 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... • Less common than chemical synapses – Neurons electrically coupled (joined by gap junctions that connect cytoplasm of adjacent ...
... • Less common than chemical synapses – Neurons electrically coupled (joined by gap junctions that connect cytoplasm of adjacent ...
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY CH 16: SPECIAL SENSES
... 1.Transparent covering over the anterior portion of the eye. 2.Biconcave, flexible eye structure used to focus light on the retina 3.Taste elicited by bases 4.Olfactory receptor cells are unique because they are the only neurons known to undergo ______ through out adult life. 5.Projections on the to ...
... 1.Transparent covering over the anterior portion of the eye. 2.Biconcave, flexible eye structure used to focus light on the retina 3.Taste elicited by bases 4.Olfactory receptor cells are unique because they are the only neurons known to undergo ______ through out adult life. 5.Projections on the to ...
The Human Nervous System
... • Neurons can also be classified by the direction that they send information. – Sensory (or afferent) neurons: send information from sensory receptors (e.g., in skin, eyes, nose, tongue, ears) TOWARD the central nervous system. – Motor (or efferent) neurons: send information AWAY from the central ne ...
... • Neurons can also be classified by the direction that they send information. – Sensory (or afferent) neurons: send information from sensory receptors (e.g., in skin, eyes, nose, tongue, ears) TOWARD the central nervous system. – Motor (or efferent) neurons: send information AWAY from the central ne ...
Chapter 3 Part 1 - Doral Academy Preparatory
... – Neuron at rest – negative charge on inside compared to outside – -70 millivolts – resting potential ...
... – Neuron at rest – negative charge on inside compared to outside – -70 millivolts – resting potential ...
Nervous System
... MORE negative (less positive) state Depolarization + Repolarization of a nerve cell = An Action Potential ...
... MORE negative (less positive) state Depolarization + Repolarization of a nerve cell = An Action Potential ...
Neuromuscular junction
A neuromuscular junction (sometimes called a myoneural junction) is a junction between nerve and muscle; it is a chemical synapse formed by the contact between the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron and the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber. It is at the neuromuscular junction that a motor neuron is able to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction.Muscles require innervation to function—and even just to maintain muscle tone, avoiding atrophy. Synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction begins when an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron, which activates voltage-dependent calcium channels to allow calcium ions to enter the neuron. Calcium ions bind to sensor proteins (synaptotagmin) on synaptic vesicles, triggering vesicle fusion with the cell membrane and subsequent neurotransmitter release from the motor neuron into the synaptic cleft. In vertebrates, motor neurons release acetylcholine (ACh), a small molecule neurotransmitter, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the cell membrane of the muscle fiber, also known as the sarcolemma. nAChRs are ionotropic receptors, meaning they serve as ligand-gated ion channels. The binding of ACh to the receptor can depolarize the muscle fiber, causing a cascade that eventually results in muscle contraction.Neuromuscular junction diseases can be of genetic and autoimmune origin. Genetic disorders, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, can arise from mutated structural proteins that comprise the neuromuscular junction, whereas autoimmune diseases, such as myasthenia gravis, occur when antibodies are produced against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the sarcolemma.