NITROGEN BASES in DNA
... fishing line (0.5 millimeters) it might stretch as far as 21.2 km (or 13.6 miles) in length which would all have to be packed into a nucleus, the equivalent size of 25 cm in diameter. That is some packaging! ...
... fishing line (0.5 millimeters) it might stretch as far as 21.2 km (or 13.6 miles) in length which would all have to be packed into a nucleus, the equivalent size of 25 cm in diameter. That is some packaging! ...
DNA Replication - Biology Junction
... History of DNA • Early scientists thought protein was cell’s hereditary material because it was more complex than DNA • Proteins had 20 different amino acids in long polypeptide chains ...
... History of DNA • Early scientists thought protein was cell’s hereditary material because it was more complex than DNA • Proteins had 20 different amino acids in long polypeptide chains ...
DNA_extraction
... The detergent helps to dissolve the phospholipid bilayers of the cell membrane and organelles. The salt helps to keep the proteins in the extract layer so they are not precipitated with the DNA. The DNA/detergent/salt mixture is not easily miscible with alcohol, so when alcohol is added slowly to th ...
... The detergent helps to dissolve the phospholipid bilayers of the cell membrane and organelles. The salt helps to keep the proteins in the extract layer so they are not precipitated with the DNA. The DNA/detergent/salt mixture is not easily miscible with alcohol, so when alcohol is added slowly to th ...
Genetics and Genomics Chapter 4 Questions Multiple Choice
... c) a double-stranded DNA break occurring in G1 phase. d) a pyrimidine dimer e) an abasic site due to depurination f) a double-stranded DNA break occurring in G2 phase. g) a bulky aromatic hydrocarbon adduct that distorts the double helix. ...
... c) a double-stranded DNA break occurring in G1 phase. d) a pyrimidine dimer e) an abasic site due to depurination f) a double-stranded DNA break occurring in G2 phase. g) a bulky aromatic hydrocarbon adduct that distorts the double helix. ...
DNA strucutre and replication
... Discovering the structure of DNA • DNA = Deoxyribose nucleic acid • Made out of sugars (deoxyribose), phosphates and nitrogen bases ...
... Discovering the structure of DNA • DNA = Deoxyribose nucleic acid • Made out of sugars (deoxyribose), phosphates and nitrogen bases ...
Chapter 20: Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles
... There are 61 different tRNAs, one for each of the 61 codons that specifies an amino acid tRNA has 70-100 ribonucleotides and is bonded to a specific amino acid by an ester linkage through the 3 hydroxyl on ribose at the 3 end of the tRNA Each tRNA has a segment called an anticodon, a sequence ...
... There are 61 different tRNAs, one for each of the 61 codons that specifies an amino acid tRNA has 70-100 ribonucleotides and is bonded to a specific amino acid by an ester linkage through the 3 hydroxyl on ribose at the 3 end of the tRNA Each tRNA has a segment called an anticodon, a sequence ...
Unit 8 – DNA Structure, Replication, and Protein Synthesis Objective
... a. a single helix b. a cloverleaf c. a double helix d. a single strand 3. Scientists have determined that DNA is made of individual units called a. nitrogen bases b. nucleotides c. deoxyribose d. amino acids 4. Which compound is NOT part of a DNA nucleotide? a. ribose b. thymine c. deoxyribose d. ad ...
... a. a single helix b. a cloverleaf c. a double helix d. a single strand 3. Scientists have determined that DNA is made of individual units called a. nitrogen bases b. nucleotides c. deoxyribose d. amino acids 4. Which compound is NOT part of a DNA nucleotide? a. ribose b. thymine c. deoxyribose d. ad ...
The DNA Double Helix
... DNA is made of a four letter code, made of just As, Cs, Gs, and Ts, that determines what the organism will become and what it will look like. How can these four bases carry so much information? This information results from the order of these four bases in the chromosomes. This sequence carries the ...
... DNA is made of a four letter code, made of just As, Cs, Gs, and Ts, that determines what the organism will become and what it will look like. How can these four bases carry so much information? This information results from the order of these four bases in the chromosomes. This sequence carries the ...
GCMS lesson plan october 11
... Bellringer: ACT Questions Anticipatory Set: TSW respond to the question, “How does DNA replication and protein synthesis relate to mitosis and meiosis?” Guided Practice: TTW use the students’ responses to develop an outline on the board. Once the outline has been developed, the students will use thi ...
... Bellringer: ACT Questions Anticipatory Set: TSW respond to the question, “How does DNA replication and protein synthesis relate to mitosis and meiosis?” Guided Practice: TTW use the students’ responses to develop an outline on the board. Once the outline has been developed, the students will use thi ...
Objective #2: Nucleic Acid Structure
... connectors. You may only have words and phrases in your boxes—not sentences! Make sure all of the items you were reading for (the list above) are included in your flow-chart. In the space next to your flow chart, a picture has been drawn of a DNA double helix to aid in creating your flow chart. ...
... connectors. You may only have words and phrases in your boxes—not sentences! Make sure all of the items you were reading for (the list above) are included in your flow-chart. In the space next to your flow chart, a picture has been drawn of a DNA double helix to aid in creating your flow chart. ...
DNA is a double helix
... Bypass all of the above Replication errors Double strand breaks, Adducts, Cross-links Double strand breaks ...
... Bypass all of the above Replication errors Double strand breaks, Adducts, Cross-links Double strand breaks ...
DNA Notes
... Early Investigation of DNA • Scientists knew that DNA: • 1. Genes carried genetic information from one generation to another. • 2. Genes used DNA to code for an individual’s traits. • 3. Genes had to be easily duplicated, since each time a cell divides (mitosis) the DNA was copied as well. ...
... Early Investigation of DNA • Scientists knew that DNA: • 1. Genes carried genetic information from one generation to another. • 2. Genes used DNA to code for an individual’s traits. • 3. Genes had to be easily duplicated, since each time a cell divides (mitosis) the DNA was copied as well. ...
Name________________________________ Date___________
... c. experience a gradual reduction of chromosome length with each replication cycle d. have a greater potential to become cancerous 19. The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis a. occurs in the 3’5’ direction b. produces Okazaki fragments c. depends on the action of DNA polymerase d ...
... c. experience a gradual reduction of chromosome length with each replication cycle d. have a greater potential to become cancerous 19. The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis a. occurs in the 3’5’ direction b. produces Okazaki fragments c. depends on the action of DNA polymerase d ...
Student Activity PDF - TI Education
... Read about him and his observations on pages 2.1 and 2.2. DNA has 4 nucleotide building blocks, also called “bases”: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). Before the structure of DNA was known, Erwin Chargaff, an Austrian professor at Columbia University, made two essential observ ...
... Read about him and his observations on pages 2.1 and 2.2. DNA has 4 nucleotide building blocks, also called “bases”: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). Before the structure of DNA was known, Erwin Chargaff, an Austrian professor at Columbia University, made two essential observ ...
Recombination
... Mendel had chosen all resided on different chromosomes? It actually turns out that three of his genes actually were located on chromosome 4, and another 2 on chromosome 1. Mendel, however, does not seem to have published and therefore, presumably, never made - or dismissed - the appropriate cross fo ...
... Mendel had chosen all resided on different chromosomes? It actually turns out that three of his genes actually were located on chromosome 4, and another 2 on chromosome 1. Mendel, however, does not seem to have published and therefore, presumably, never made - or dismissed - the appropriate cross fo ...
Gel Electrophoresis – Virtual Lab
... to separate DNA molecules on the basis of size. Unless you have an identical twin, your complete set of DNA, or your genome, is unique. This variation in DNA among people is the basis of DNA fingerprinting. A DNA fingerprint is a representation of parts of an individual’s DNA that can be used to ide ...
... to separate DNA molecules on the basis of size. Unless you have an identical twin, your complete set of DNA, or your genome, is unique. This variation in DNA among people is the basis of DNA fingerprinting. A DNA fingerprint is a representation of parts of an individual’s DNA that can be used to ide ...
Document
... Lagging strand: synthesis away from the replication fork (Okazaki fragments); joined by DNA ligase (must wait for 3’ end to open; again in a 5’ to 3’ direction) Initiation: Primer (short RNA sequence~w/primase enzyme), begins the replication process ...
... Lagging strand: synthesis away from the replication fork (Okazaki fragments); joined by DNA ligase (must wait for 3’ end to open; again in a 5’ to 3’ direction) Initiation: Primer (short RNA sequence~w/primase enzyme), begins the replication process ...
DNA replication
... straightforward process. Essentially, unicellular prokaryotic organisms grow until reaching a critical size, and synthesize more cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes, cell wall, and other cell constituents. They then replicate their DNA, segregate copies of the chromosome, and divide by a process cal ...
... straightforward process. Essentially, unicellular prokaryotic organisms grow until reaching a critical size, and synthesize more cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes, cell wall, and other cell constituents. They then replicate their DNA, segregate copies of the chromosome, and divide by a process cal ...
Population Genetics
... • Until the mid-20th century, most scientists believed that proteins must be the hereditary (genetic) material ...
... • Until the mid-20th century, most scientists believed that proteins must be the hereditary (genetic) material ...
I Griffith and Transformation
... because one strain of bacteria (the harmless strain) had changed permanently into another (the disease-causing strain). Griffith hypothesized that a factor must contain information that could change harmless bacteria into disease-causing ones. ...
... because one strain of bacteria (the harmless strain) had changed permanently into another (the disease-causing strain). Griffith hypothesized that a factor must contain information that could change harmless bacteria into disease-causing ones. ...
Document
... All animations will appear after viewing in Presentation Mode and playing each animation. Most animations will require the latest version of the Flash Player, which is available at http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer. ...
... All animations will appear after viewing in Presentation Mode and playing each animation. Most animations will require the latest version of the Flash Player, which is available at http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer. ...
1 What Does DNA Look Like?
... the DNA strand controls the order of bases on the other side of the strand. For example, the base order CGAC can only fit with the order GCTG. When DNA replicates, the pairs of bases separate and the DNA splits into two strands. The bases on each side of the original strand are used as a pattern to ...
... the DNA strand controls the order of bases on the other side of the strand. For example, the base order CGAC can only fit with the order GCTG. When DNA replicates, the pairs of bases separate and the DNA splits into two strands. The bases on each side of the original strand are used as a pattern to ...
Homologous recombination
Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of DNA. It is most widely used by cells to accurately repair harmful breaks that occur on both strands of DNA, known as double-strand breaks. Homologous recombination also produces new combinations of DNA sequences during meiosis, the process by which eukaryotes make gamete cells, like sperm and egg cells in animals. These new combinations of DNA represent genetic variation in offspring, which in turn enables populations to adapt during the course of evolution. Homologous recombination is also used in horizontal gene transfer to exchange genetic material between different strains and species of bacteria and viruses.Although homologous recombination varies widely among different organisms and cell types, most forms involve the same basic steps. After a double-strand break occurs, sections of DNA around the 5' ends of the break are cut away in a process called resection. In the strand invasion step that follows, an overhanging 3' end of the broken DNA molecule then ""invades"" a similar or identical DNA molecule that is not broken. After strand invasion, the further sequence of events may follow either of two main pathways discussed below (see Models); the DSBR (double-strand break repair) pathway or the SDSA (synthesis-dependent strand annealing) pathway. Homologous recombination that occurs during DNA repair tends to result in non-crossover products, in effect restoring the damaged DNA molecule as it existed before the double-strand break.Homologous recombination is conserved across all three domains of life as well as viruses, suggesting that it is a nearly universal biological mechanism. The discovery of genes for homologous recombination in protists—a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms—has been interpreted as evidence that meiosis emerged early in the evolution of eukaryotes. Since their dysfunction has been strongly associated with increased susceptibility to several types of cancer, the proteins that facilitate homologous recombination are topics of active research. Homologous recombination is also used in gene targeting, a technique for introducing genetic changes into target organisms. For their development of this technique, Mario Capecchi, Martin Evans and Oliver Smithies were awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.