Meiosis = nuclear division that reduces chromosome
... Meiosis = nuclear division that reduces chromosome number by half sex cell division gametes = sperm & egg (ovum) (plural = ova) results in 4 haploid cells sperm (23) + egg (23) zygote (46) = fertilized egg you have exactly ½ of your Dad’s chromosomes and ½ of your Mom’s puberty = stage ...
... Meiosis = nuclear division that reduces chromosome number by half sex cell division gametes = sperm & egg (ovum) (plural = ova) results in 4 haploid cells sperm (23) + egg (23) zygote (46) = fertilized egg you have exactly ½ of your Dad’s chromosomes and ½ of your Mom’s puberty = stage ...
DNA and RNA
... Griffith hypothesized… • when the live, harmless bacteria and the heat-killed bacteria were mixed, some factor was transferred from the heat-killed cells into the live cells • The ability to cause disease was inherited by the transformed bacteria’s offspring, the transforming factor might be a gene ...
... Griffith hypothesized… • when the live, harmless bacteria and the heat-killed bacteria were mixed, some factor was transferred from the heat-killed cells into the live cells • The ability to cause disease was inherited by the transformed bacteria’s offspring, the transforming factor might be a gene ...
Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... gene targeting is a genetic technique that uses homologous recombination to modify an endogenous gene ...
... gene targeting is a genetic technique that uses homologous recombination to modify an endogenous gene ...
12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes
... [9] SC1.1 recognizing that all organisms have chromosomes made of DNA and that DNA determines traits [11] SC1.1 relating the structures of DNA to characteristics of an organism Vocabulary: Define the following in your own words. Transformation: ...
... [9] SC1.1 recognizing that all organisms have chromosomes made of DNA and that DNA determines traits [11] SC1.1 relating the structures of DNA to characteristics of an organism Vocabulary: Define the following in your own words. Transformation: ...
Chapter 22 Lecture PowerPoint - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... • Release of Spo11-linked oligos 12-37 nt long ...
... • Release of Spo11-linked oligos 12-37 nt long ...
No Slide Title
... • Damage to DNA can stimulate recombination • Enables the immune system to generate a diversity of protein antibodies from a limited set of genes • Enables viruses to integrate their genetic material into a host’s genome • Enables host organism to assort alleles (differing copies of same gene) into ...
... • Damage to DNA can stimulate recombination • Enables the immune system to generate a diversity of protein antibodies from a limited set of genes • Enables viruses to integrate their genetic material into a host’s genome • Enables host organism to assort alleles (differing copies of same gene) into ...
DNA Recombination
... Molecular analysis of transposons • Transposons isolated by first cloning a gene that they invaded. A number have been cloned this way, via "Transposon trapping“. • Some common molecular features: – Exist as multiple copies in the genome – Insertion site of element does not have extensive homology ...
... Molecular analysis of transposons • Transposons isolated by first cloning a gene that they invaded. A number have been cloned this way, via "Transposon trapping“. • Some common molecular features: – Exist as multiple copies in the genome – Insertion site of element does not have extensive homology ...
RAD51
... • HR allows for proper chromosome segregation during meiosis, promoting genomic integrity between generations. • Represents the highest fidelity repair mechanism for DNA breaks. • Diploid human cell maintains ~6x109 bp of DNA. • Highly regulated process, as too much HR can lead to large chromosomal ...
... • HR allows for proper chromosome segregation during meiosis, promoting genomic integrity between generations. • Represents the highest fidelity repair mechanism for DNA breaks. • Diploid human cell maintains ~6x109 bp of DNA. • Highly regulated process, as too much HR can lead to large chromosomal ...
Identification of fertility genes required for microgametogenesis in
... chromosome pairing and synapsis in meiosis. During meiotic prophase I, the pair3 mutant fails in homologous chromosome pairing and synapsis, resulting in no formation of bivalents and subsequent random segregation of the univalents in anaphase I. RPA1a, a subunit of Replication protein A (RPA), is h ...
... chromosome pairing and synapsis in meiosis. During meiotic prophase I, the pair3 mutant fails in homologous chromosome pairing and synapsis, resulting in no formation of bivalents and subsequent random segregation of the univalents in anaphase I. RPA1a, a subunit of Replication protein A (RPA), is h ...
As Powerpoint Slide
... heterozygous background in mice. For MADM, two reciprocal chimeric marker genes – GT and TG – are targeted separately to identical loci on homologous chromosomes. Following recombinase-mediated interchromosomal recombination, functional green and red fluorescent proteins are reconstituted. If recomb ...
... heterozygous background in mice. For MADM, two reciprocal chimeric marker genes – GT and TG – are targeted separately to identical loci on homologous chromosomes. Following recombinase-mediated interchromosomal recombination, functional green and red fluorescent proteins are reconstituted. If recomb ...
Mendel`s work
... Mendel was extremely lucky that his traits are on different chromosomes • Some deviations from Mendel’s rules could not be reconciled in any other way than assuming that they are linked together as “beads on a string” • Morgan has made crosses to analyse linkage • The concept of recombination was l ...
... Mendel was extremely lucky that his traits are on different chromosomes • Some deviations from Mendel’s rules could not be reconciled in any other way than assuming that they are linked together as “beads on a string” • Morgan has made crosses to analyse linkage • The concept of recombination was l ...
Mendel`s work
... Mendel was extremely lucky that his traits are on different chromosomes • Some deviations from Mendel’s rules could not be reconciled in any other way than assuming that they are linked together as “beads on a string” • Morgan has made crosses to analyse linkage • The concept of recombination was l ...
... Mendel was extremely lucky that his traits are on different chromosomes • Some deviations from Mendel’s rules could not be reconciled in any other way than assuming that they are linked together as “beads on a string” • Morgan has made crosses to analyse linkage • The concept of recombination was l ...
dr. jayil lee _apr. 26, 2016
... Protein-DNA interactions are an essential basis of life. Diverse biological phenomena can be elucidated by studying protein-DNA interactions. Recently the advent of single-molecule spectroscopy enables us to inspect how proteins are functioning on DNA in more detail. Among many single-molecule techn ...
... Protein-DNA interactions are an essential basis of life. Diverse biological phenomena can be elucidated by studying protein-DNA interactions. Recently the advent of single-molecule spectroscopy enables us to inspect how proteins are functioning on DNA in more detail. Among many single-molecule techn ...
DNA Recombination
... 2. Generating new genes (e.g., Immunoglobulin rearrangement) 3. Integration of a specific DNA element 4. DNA repair ...
... 2. Generating new genes (e.g., Immunoglobulin rearrangement) 3. Integration of a specific DNA element 4. DNA repair ...
Genetic recombination 2012-05-09
... * Site-specific recombination occurs between non-homologous sequences of limitited homology, specific 15 bp sequences recognized by specific enzymes, e.g. integrase Driven by DNA-protein interactions Transposition requires special sequence on the donor DNA and ...
... * Site-specific recombination occurs between non-homologous sequences of limitited homology, specific 15 bp sequences recognized by specific enzymes, e.g. integrase Driven by DNA-protein interactions Transposition requires special sequence on the donor DNA and ...
Project Title: Characterization of new genes mediating exchange of
... This REP grant was funded to pursue two major Aims, involving application of DNA repair assays developed in my lab to identify new genes required to fix broken chromosomes during normal cell growth and also in meiosis. Two graduate students, Rachel Roberts and Jennifer Summers, with some assistance ...
... This REP grant was funded to pursue two major Aims, involving application of DNA repair assays developed in my lab to identify new genes required to fix broken chromosomes during normal cell growth and also in meiosis. Two graduate students, Rachel Roberts and Jennifer Summers, with some assistance ...
Genome instability is a salient feature of carcinogenesis. In
... repair a wide-range of lesions. Ubiquitylation is a key post-translational modification that is prevalent around DNA damage sites and that regulates the stability and interactions of several repair proteins. Multiple Ubiquitin ligases, such as BRCA1, RNF8, RNF168, TRIP12 and the Fanconi core complex ...
... repair a wide-range of lesions. Ubiquitylation is a key post-translational modification that is prevalent around DNA damage sites and that regulates the stability and interactions of several repair proteins. Multiple Ubiquitin ligases, such as BRCA1, RNF8, RNF168, TRIP12 and the Fanconi core complex ...
the element makes na RNA copy of itself which is reversed
... • Breakage and joining also directed by enzymes. • Homologous recombination occurs during synapsis in meiosis I, general recombination in bacteria, and viral genetic exchange. • Molecular mechanism proposed by Holliday and Whitehouse (1964). • Depends on complementary base pairing. ...
... • Breakage and joining also directed by enzymes. • Homologous recombination occurs during synapsis in meiosis I, general recombination in bacteria, and viral genetic exchange. • Molecular mechanism proposed by Holliday and Whitehouse (1964). • Depends on complementary base pairing. ...
Homologous recombination
Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of DNA. It is most widely used by cells to accurately repair harmful breaks that occur on both strands of DNA, known as double-strand breaks. Homologous recombination also produces new combinations of DNA sequences during meiosis, the process by which eukaryotes make gamete cells, like sperm and egg cells in animals. These new combinations of DNA represent genetic variation in offspring, which in turn enables populations to adapt during the course of evolution. Homologous recombination is also used in horizontal gene transfer to exchange genetic material between different strains and species of bacteria and viruses.Although homologous recombination varies widely among different organisms and cell types, most forms involve the same basic steps. After a double-strand break occurs, sections of DNA around the 5' ends of the break are cut away in a process called resection. In the strand invasion step that follows, an overhanging 3' end of the broken DNA molecule then ""invades"" a similar or identical DNA molecule that is not broken. After strand invasion, the further sequence of events may follow either of two main pathways discussed below (see Models); the DSBR (double-strand break repair) pathway or the SDSA (synthesis-dependent strand annealing) pathway. Homologous recombination that occurs during DNA repair tends to result in non-crossover products, in effect restoring the damaged DNA molecule as it existed before the double-strand break.Homologous recombination is conserved across all three domains of life as well as viruses, suggesting that it is a nearly universal biological mechanism. The discovery of genes for homologous recombination in protists—a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms—has been interpreted as evidence that meiosis emerged early in the evolution of eukaryotes. Since their dysfunction has been strongly associated with increased susceptibility to several types of cancer, the proteins that facilitate homologous recombination are topics of active research. Homologous recombination is also used in gene targeting, a technique for introducing genetic changes into target organisms. For their development of this technique, Mario Capecchi, Martin Evans and Oliver Smithies were awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.