
A novel, minimally invasive, segmental myocardial infarction with a
... Previous studies of arrhythmia formation in rabbit models of healed MI have used an open-chest method of infarction using a thorocotomy for epicardial access followed by ligation of one of the three coronary arteries. This technique, however, has several drawbacks; 1) the use of coronary ligation in ...
... Previous studies of arrhythmia formation in rabbit models of healed MI have used an open-chest method of infarction using a thorocotomy for epicardial access followed by ligation of one of the three coronary arteries. This technique, however, has several drawbacks; 1) the use of coronary ligation in ...
transfer of the heart pacemaker during juvenile development in the
... neurones, runs longitudinally in the midline of the inner surface of the dorsal heart wall. Fig. 2A–C shows morphological features of the heart of newly hatched juveniles. At this stage of development, the heart tube was approximately 1 mm in length and 0.1 mm wide and was suspended in the pericardi ...
... neurones, runs longitudinally in the midline of the inner surface of the dorsal heart wall. Fig. 2A–C shows morphological features of the heart of newly hatched juveniles. At this stage of development, the heart tube was approximately 1 mm in length and 0.1 mm wide and was suspended in the pericardi ...
MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
... corresponding treatment can lead to an absolute recovery (at diagnosis establishment in the first 1-7 days from an onset of the illness). The third period is the period of various clinical manifestations of returnable rheumatism with latent and continuously recidivous forms of diseases. At the first ...
... corresponding treatment can lead to an absolute recovery (at diagnosis establishment in the first 1-7 days from an onset of the illness). The third period is the period of various clinical manifestations of returnable rheumatism with latent and continuously recidivous forms of diseases. At the first ...
Advances in Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
... and ventricular dilation at the time of initial clinical presentation.13–17 Patients with decreased LVEF had a higher mean PVC burden than their counterparts with normal LV function (29%–37% versus 8%–13%).15,18,19 However, there are no clear-cut points that mark the frequency at which cardiomyopath ...
... and ventricular dilation at the time of initial clinical presentation.13–17 Patients with decreased LVEF had a higher mean PVC burden than their counterparts with normal LV function (29%–37% versus 8%–13%).15,18,19 However, there are no clear-cut points that mark the frequency at which cardiomyopath ...
Cardiovascular responses to static exercise
... Rhythmic, intermittent muscle activity causes only slight changes in mean arterial blood pressure (lo), while tetanic or sustained contractions are accompanied by considerable pressor responses disproportionate to the increase in oxygen consumption (16). The adaptation of the cardiovascular system t ...
... Rhythmic, intermittent muscle activity causes only slight changes in mean arterial blood pressure (lo), while tetanic or sustained contractions are accompanied by considerable pressor responses disproportionate to the increase in oxygen consumption (16). The adaptation of the cardiovascular system t ...
Advances in Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
... and ventricular dilation at the time of initial clinical presentation.13–17 Patients with decreased LVEF had a higher mean PVC burden than their counterparts with normal LV function (29%–37% versus 8%–13%).15,18,19 However, there are no clear-cut points that mark the frequency at which cardiomyopath ...
... and ventricular dilation at the time of initial clinical presentation.13–17 Patients with decreased LVEF had a higher mean PVC burden than their counterparts with normal LV function (29%–37% versus 8%–13%).15,18,19 However, there are no clear-cut points that mark the frequency at which cardiomyopath ...
Detection of Pulmonic and Tricuspid Valvular
... background by more than 100 c.p.m. Similarly, in 7 tests the cardiogreen regurgitant fraction ranged between 0 and 3 per cent while the right heart Kr85 activity ranged between 0 and 54 c.p.m. above background. However, the results in the other 2 patients indicated a discrepancy between the 2 tests. ...
... background by more than 100 c.p.m. Similarly, in 7 tests the cardiogreen regurgitant fraction ranged between 0 and 3 per cent while the right heart Kr85 activity ranged between 0 and 54 c.p.m. above background. However, the results in the other 2 patients indicated a discrepancy between the 2 tests. ...
EFFECTS OF SUPINE AND-6 HEAD
... CHAPTER 1 - Introduction The ability to tolerate an increase in physical work depends on the rate at which the body can take in, transport and utilize oxygen to meet the metabolic demands of the functioning muscle (Rowell 1993; Tipton and American College of Sports Medicine. 2006). Limitations by o ...
... CHAPTER 1 - Introduction The ability to tolerate an increase in physical work depends on the rate at which the body can take in, transport and utilize oxygen to meet the metabolic demands of the functioning muscle (Rowell 1993; Tipton and American College of Sports Medicine. 2006). Limitations by o ...
Congenital Heart Disease with Left to Right Shunt
... Moderate to marked cardiomegaly RV and RA enlargement (more in complete AVSD) Increased pulmonary vascularity Left atrial enlargement – if associated mitral incompetence Lung infiltrates (increased pulmonary blood flow associated with recurrent LRTI) Lung hyperinflation – seen with large left to r ...
... Moderate to marked cardiomegaly RV and RA enlargement (more in complete AVSD) Increased pulmonary vascularity Left atrial enlargement – if associated mitral incompetence Lung infiltrates (increased pulmonary blood flow associated with recurrent LRTI) Lung hyperinflation – seen with large left to r ...
Cardiovascular system
... content has increased as a result of tissue metabolism returns to the right atrium. This blood then enters the ventricle, which pumps it into the pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries. The pulmonary arteries branch to transport blood to the lungs, where gas exchange occurs between the lung capillar ...
... content has increased as a result of tissue metabolism returns to the right atrium. This blood then enters the ventricle, which pumps it into the pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries. The pulmonary arteries branch to transport blood to the lungs, where gas exchange occurs between the lung capillar ...
Chapter 20 Heart
... and send info to the cardiovascular center • located in the arch of the aorta and carotid arteries ...
... and send info to the cardiovascular center • located in the arch of the aorta and carotid arteries ...
Drugs That May Cause or Exacerbate Heart Failure
... the proportion of patients with ≥5 comorbidities increased from 42.1% in the period of 1988 to 1994 to 58% in the period of 2003 to 2008. From this analysis, osteoarthritis (62%), obesity (46.8%), chronic kidney disease (45.9%), and diabetes mellitus (38.3%) were the most common noncardiovascular co ...
... the proportion of patients with ≥5 comorbidities increased from 42.1% in the period of 1988 to 1994 to 58% in the period of 2003 to 2008. From this analysis, osteoarthritis (62%), obesity (46.8%), chronic kidney disease (45.9%), and diabetes mellitus (38.3%) were the most common noncardiovascular co ...
Consensus Paper on Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in England Date: 16
... The current rate of initial bystander CPR in England is reported as being 43% 7 (compared, for example, to 73% in Stavanger, Norway during 2006-20083). However, this includes some situations where the bystander initiated CPR without having to be instructed to do so, as well as situations where the ...
... The current rate of initial bystander CPR in England is reported as being 43% 7 (compared, for example, to 73% in Stavanger, Norway during 2006-20083). However, this includes some situations where the bystander initiated CPR without having to be instructed to do so, as well as situations where the ...
Fulltext - Jultika
... Altogether 2.1% of the study participants presented with a prolonged PR interval > 200 ms. No rise in overall mortality, SCD, or hospitalizations due to heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or stroke was observed among these subjects during the follow-up period. In conclusion, of the electrocardiogra ...
... Altogether 2.1% of the study participants presented with a prolonged PR interval > 200 ms. No rise in overall mortality, SCD, or hospitalizations due to heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or stroke was observed among these subjects during the follow-up period. In conclusion, of the electrocardiogra ...
Drugs That May Cause or Exacerbate Heart Failure
... Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed in the United States, accounting for 70 million prescriptions and 30 billion OTC medications sold annually.14 The majority of NSAID-related side effects can be attributed to inhibition of prostaglandin production through inhibitio ...
... Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed in the United States, accounting for 70 million prescriptions and 30 billion OTC medications sold annually.14 The majority of NSAID-related side effects can be attributed to inhibition of prostaglandin production through inhibitio ...
Sleep Apnea in 81 Ambulatory Male Patients With Stable Heart Failure
... hospital because of distance. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 6 of these patients for whom data were available was ...
... hospital because of distance. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 6 of these patients for whom data were available was ...
12603144_Main
... Santamore98]. A known quantity of blood is then injected into one ventricle of the isovolumetrically beating heart and the resulting changes in average pressures in both ventricles are measured once the system has reached steady state. These tests quantify the amount of static interaction that occur ...
... Santamore98]. A known quantity of blood is then injected into one ventricle of the isovolumetrically beating heart and the resulting changes in average pressures in both ventricles are measured once the system has reached steady state. These tests quantify the amount of static interaction that occur ...
Introducing a novel mechanism to control heart rate in the ancestral
... Photoshop. Images of atrium and ventricle are representative of hearts from two small hagfish (∼100 g). Immunolocalization of sAC in the sinus venosus was performed on the heart of a larger hagfish (∼300 g). This was necessary in order to be able to identify the sinus venosus. ...
... Photoshop. Images of atrium and ventricle are representative of hearts from two small hagfish (∼100 g). Immunolocalization of sAC in the sinus venosus was performed on the heart of a larger hagfish (∼300 g). This was necessary in order to be able to identify the sinus venosus. ...
The hemudynamic effects of ventrkuiar pacing with and
... obtained from the Institutional Review Board at the University of Michigan Medical Center. Informed consent was obtained from each patient before participation in this study. Eighteen patients (12 men and 6 women) with an age range of 34 to 82 years were recruited from among patients undergoing a di ...
... obtained from the Institutional Review Board at the University of Michigan Medical Center. Informed consent was obtained from each patient before participation in this study. Eighteen patients (12 men and 6 women) with an age range of 34 to 82 years were recruited from among patients undergoing a di ...
Ventricular Assist Devices and Total Artificial Hearts
... skin and bulky implantable pump chambers. There is considerable research interest in developing nonpulsatile axial flow systems that have the potential for small size and low-noise levels.[7-12] In 2016, Grimm et al. compared outcomes for patients based on the duration of LVAD use, using data from t ...
... skin and bulky implantable pump chambers. There is considerable research interest in developing nonpulsatile axial flow systems that have the potential for small size and low-noise levels.[7-12] In 2016, Grimm et al. compared outcomes for patients based on the duration of LVAD use, using data from t ...
Lethal Arrhythmias
... work together to sustain cardiac output; even during times of stress or when arrhythmias are present. Cardiac Output: Cardiac output (CO) is defined as the amount of blood expelled from the ventricles during systole. Cardiac output is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility. The formula ...
... work together to sustain cardiac output; even during times of stress or when arrhythmias are present. Cardiac Output: Cardiac output (CO) is defined as the amount of blood expelled from the ventricles during systole. Cardiac output is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility. The formula ...
EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE®
... Monitoring CVP is useful in patients receiving large volumes of fluids, especially when physical examination is insufficient to assess an end-point for fluid resuscitation. Because CVP can be affected by cardiac function, CVP should also be monitored in patients with suspected heart disease. CVP may ...
... Monitoring CVP is useful in patients receiving large volumes of fluids, especially when physical examination is insufficient to assess an end-point for fluid resuscitation. Because CVP can be affected by cardiac function, CVP should also be monitored in patients with suspected heart disease. CVP may ...
4. and 5. Cardiac Cycle I _ II - 2016
... End-diastolic volume (EDV): is the volume of blood in each ventricle at the end of diastole. It is about 110 - 130 ml. End-systolic volume (ESV): is the volume of blood in each ventricle at the end of systole. It is about 40 - 60 ml. Stroke volume (SV): is the volume of blood that is pumped by each ...
... End-diastolic volume (EDV): is the volume of blood in each ventricle at the end of diastole. It is about 110 - 130 ml. End-systolic volume (ESV): is the volume of blood in each ventricle at the end of systole. It is about 40 - 60 ml. Stroke volume (SV): is the volume of blood that is pumped by each ...
Simultaneous Longitudinal Strain in All 4 Cardiac Chambers
... measurements of myocardial deformation indices, such as strain and strain rate. Over the past decade, a multitude of studies have reported myocardial deformation measurements in a variety of disease states, advancing our knowledge of cardiac physiology and improving prediction of clinical outcomes.1 ...
... measurements of myocardial deformation indices, such as strain and strain rate. Over the past decade, a multitude of studies have reported myocardial deformation measurements in a variety of disease states, advancing our knowledge of cardiac physiology and improving prediction of clinical outcomes.1 ...
BHF heart failure booklet PDF - South Tees Hospitals NHS
... How your heart works To understand what heart failure is and what causes it, it can help to know about how your heart works. The heart is a muscular pump that pumps blood around your body. The blood circulates around the body and delivers nourishment to your body tissue and organs. There are two si ...
... How your heart works To understand what heart failure is and what causes it, it can help to know about how your heart works. The heart is a muscular pump that pumps blood around your body. The blood circulates around the body and delivers nourishment to your body tissue and organs. There are two si ...
Heart failure

Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.