Essential Opposite Roles of ERK and Akt Signaling in Cardiac
... Received November 16, 2016; accepted February 16, 2016 ...
... Received November 16, 2016; accepted February 16, 2016 ...
Visualization of the Fibrous Structure of the Heart
... seed points in the vector field. The trajectories of the particles are traced using using numerical integration techniques such as firstorder Euler and second-order Runge-Kutta methods. Tracing stops when a stopping criterium such as a lower bound for an anisotropy index (e.g. cl or FA) is met. The ...
... seed points in the vector field. The trajectories of the particles are traced using using numerical integration techniques such as firstorder Euler and second-order Runge-Kutta methods. Tracing stops when a stopping criterium such as a lower bound for an anisotropy index (e.g. cl or FA) is met. The ...
Sympathetic Innervation Alters Growth and Intrinsic Heart Rate of
... the heart begins to grow by cellular hypertrophy.22 The transition of the heart to growth by hypertrophy coincides with functional maturation of sympathetic cardiac innervation.23>24 /3-Adrenergic receptor stimulation of newborn rat hearts through a bolus injection of isoproterenol inhibits further ...
... the heart begins to grow by cellular hypertrophy.22 The transition of the heart to growth by hypertrophy coincides with functional maturation of sympathetic cardiac innervation.23>24 /3-Adrenergic receptor stimulation of newborn rat hearts through a bolus injection of isoproterenol inhibits further ...
Slide 1
... – Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) on vasopressors is not elevated (~ 1350), with a very wide range of SVRs measured. – A clinically evident systemic inflammatory response syndrome is often present in patients with CS. – Most survivors (85%) have NYHA functional Class I-II CHF status. Hochman JS. ...
... – Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) on vasopressors is not elevated (~ 1350), with a very wide range of SVRs measured. – A clinically evident systemic inflammatory response syndrome is often present in patients with CS. – Most survivors (85%) have NYHA functional Class I-II CHF status. Hochman JS. ...
Subpulmonary Obstruction Due to Aneurysmal Ventricular Septum
... (aneurysm) is derived either from redundant tricuspid valve tissue or either from membranous septum itself.38,40 Even though these closures with aneurysms are beneficial in many patients with ventricular septal defect, sometimes the aneurysms can cause obstruction of the pulmonary outflow tract. In ...
... (aneurysm) is derived either from redundant tricuspid valve tissue or either from membranous septum itself.38,40 Even though these closures with aneurysms are beneficial in many patients with ventricular septal defect, sometimes the aneurysms can cause obstruction of the pulmonary outflow tract. In ...
"Artificial Heart Valves". In: Encyclopedia of Biomedical Engineering
... deformed (floppy) or very thick and rigid, characterized by leaflet calcification (Fig. 4). The importance of the structural/functional connection of the heart muscle and the valves is clearly demonstrated by known pathologic situations. For example, in aortic stenosis, the heart muscle attempts to ...
... deformed (floppy) or very thick and rigid, characterized by leaflet calcification (Fig. 4). The importance of the structural/functional connection of the heart muscle and the valves is clearly demonstrated by known pathologic situations. For example, in aortic stenosis, the heart muscle attempts to ...
Cardiac Amyloidosis
... excess buildup of fluid in the body, a condition known as congestive heart failure, The most common symptoms include shortness of breath (sometimes worse when lying down) and swelling of the legs and abdomen. A feeling of pressure or discomfort in the chest during exertion (commonly referred to as a ...
... excess buildup of fluid in the body, a condition known as congestive heart failure, The most common symptoms include shortness of breath (sometimes worse when lying down) and swelling of the legs and abdomen. A feeling of pressure or discomfort in the chest during exertion (commonly referred to as a ...
Print - Circulation
... a previous investigation in the CHARM program.20 These variables, in the order of strength of association with all-cause death, were age (per 10 years over age 60 years), left ventricular ejection fraction (per 5% decrease below 45%), diabetes mellitus (none [referent], insulin treated, and oral the ...
... a previous investigation in the CHARM program.20 These variables, in the order of strength of association with all-cause death, were age (per 10 years over age 60 years), left ventricular ejection fraction (per 5% decrease below 45%), diabetes mellitus (none [referent], insulin treated, and oral the ...
Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardia: Transcatheter Ablation
... Introduction: Ventricular tachycardia or frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) can occur in the absence of any detectable structural heart disease. In this clinical setting, these arrhythmias are termed idiopathic. Usually, they carry a benign prognosis and any potential ablative interv ...
... Introduction: Ventricular tachycardia or frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) can occur in the absence of any detectable structural heart disease. In this clinical setting, these arrhythmias are termed idiopathic. Usually, they carry a benign prognosis and any potential ablative interv ...
Neural Control of Heart Rate: a Comparison between
... obtained from the adult dogs and for the puppies. From this, second degree polynomial regression equations were derived for the heart rate responses as a function of the frequency of nerve stimulation (2 I, 38,39). The statistical significance of the data was determined by the analysis of variance ( ...
... obtained from the adult dogs and for the puppies. From this, second degree polynomial regression equations were derived for the heart rate responses as a function of the frequency of nerve stimulation (2 I, 38,39). The statistical significance of the data was determined by the analysis of variance ( ...
Cardiovascular response to physical exercise in adult
... venous pathway. Minimum tricuspid valve regurgitation (6 (5)%) was observed in 15 patients. No residual ventricular septal defect was observed in the patient group. In one patient high velocities (peak 210 cm/s) in the pulmonary artery suggested the presence of mild pulmonary stenosis. Resting right ...
... venous pathway. Minimum tricuspid valve regurgitation (6 (5)%) was observed in 15 patients. No residual ventricular septal defect was observed in the patient group. In one patient high velocities (peak 210 cm/s) in the pulmonary artery suggested the presence of mild pulmonary stenosis. Resting right ...
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy for Mild-to
... reduction in the primary outcome for the CRT/ICD group from an event rate of 11% in the ICD group, given a two‐sided α of 0.05 and taking into consideration an the expected rate of loss‐to‐follow of 2% and crossover of 7% and 5% ...
... reduction in the primary outcome for the CRT/ICD group from an event rate of 11% in the ICD group, given a two‐sided α of 0.05 and taking into consideration an the expected rate of loss‐to‐follow of 2% and crossover of 7% and 5% ...
Living With Your CRT-D
... Fluid can also back up in the lungs and elsewhere in the body, causing congestion similar to a traffic jam. This fluid back up can lead to a serious condition called congestive heart failure. These conditions are usually treated with drugs, but in some cases, a CRT-D can be used to help in the treat ...
... Fluid can also back up in the lungs and elsewhere in the body, causing congestion similar to a traffic jam. This fluid back up can lead to a serious condition called congestive heart failure. These conditions are usually treated with drugs, but in some cases, a CRT-D can be used to help in the treat ...
Common Congenital Heart Disorders in Adults
... ASD accounts for about 7 to 11% of all CHD and 30% of adult CHD. It occurs twice as frequently in women than men.14 The various subtypes are classified according to the location of defect. Ostium secundum is due to absence of tissue in the fossa ovalis and is the most common defect (75%). Ostium pri ...
... ASD accounts for about 7 to 11% of all CHD and 30% of adult CHD. It occurs twice as frequently in women than men.14 The various subtypes are classified according to the location of defect. Ostium secundum is due to absence of tissue in the fossa ovalis and is the most common defect (75%). Ostium pri ...
Chapter 13 The Heart and Heart Disease
... – Tachycardia—rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats/min) – Sinus dysrhythmia—variation in heart rate during breathing cycle – Premature contraction (extrasystole)—contraction that occurs sooner than expected in a normal rhythm – Fibrillation—condition in which cardiac muscle fibers are “out of step, ...
... – Tachycardia—rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats/min) – Sinus dysrhythmia—variation in heart rate during breathing cycle – Premature contraction (extrasystole)—contraction that occurs sooner than expected in a normal rhythm – Fibrillation—condition in which cardiac muscle fibers are “out of step, ...
PDF
... Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) can help improve left ventricular systolic function and symptoms of heart failure by restoring the normal AV and intraventricular conduction patterns and synchronous contractility2. According to current guidelines, CRT has class I indication in HF patients wit ...
... Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) can help improve left ventricular systolic function and symptoms of heart failure by restoring the normal AV and intraventricular conduction patterns and synchronous contractility2. According to current guidelines, CRT has class I indication in HF patients wit ...
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (EF) of 55% as
... from HFpEF to HFmrEF, or HF-borderline EF. It is unclear from the present study whether these patients will further progress to HFrEF over a longer period of time. The present study found LVEF of 55% as a cutoff for the transition from HFpEF to HFmrEF with high sensitivity and specificity based on R ...
... from HFpEF to HFmrEF, or HF-borderline EF. It is unclear from the present study whether these patients will further progress to HFrEF over a longer period of time. The present study found LVEF of 55% as a cutoff for the transition from HFpEF to HFmrEF with high sensitivity and specificity based on R ...
Morphometry of the coronary artery and heart microcirculation in
... analysis of RCA and LCA and their derived branches, such as the circumflex branch and anterior interventricular branch of the LCA in infants. On other hand, the study facilitated the classic description of coronary arteries in infants in terms of diameters, lengths, number, and their derived quantit ...
... analysis of RCA and LCA and their derived branches, such as the circumflex branch and anterior interventricular branch of the LCA in infants. On other hand, the study facilitated the classic description of coronary arteries in infants in terms of diameters, lengths, number, and their derived quantit ...
Chapter 13 The Heart and Heart Disease
... – Tachycardia—rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats/min) – Sinus dysrhythmia—variation in heart rate during breathing cycle – Premature contraction (extrasystole)—contraction that occurs sooner than expected in a normal rhythm – Fibrillation—condition in which cardiac muscle fibers are “out of step, ...
... – Tachycardia—rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats/min) – Sinus dysrhythmia—variation in heart rate during breathing cycle – Premature contraction (extrasystole)—contraction that occurs sooner than expected in a normal rhythm – Fibrillation—condition in which cardiac muscle fibers are “out of step, ...
Murmurs
... You might expect to hear a midsystolic click (due to the prolapse) which is mobile with different maneuvers. Maneuvers, which diminish pre-load (going from squatting to standing, Valsalva), will accentuate the click and move it closer to S1. This mobility is not found with valvular ejection clicks ( ...
... You might expect to hear a midsystolic click (due to the prolapse) which is mobile with different maneuvers. Maneuvers, which diminish pre-load (going from squatting to standing, Valsalva), will accentuate the click and move it closer to S1. This mobility is not found with valvular ejection clicks ( ...
Correlation of the Tei Index With Left Ventricular Dilatation - J
... lower whereas ICT was significantly longer in patients with myocardial infarction compared with healthy individuals. In accordance with these results, the Tei index and both systolic and diastolic left ventricular diameters were higher in patients with myocardial infarction compared with the healthy ...
... lower whereas ICT was significantly longer in patients with myocardial infarction compared with healthy individuals. In accordance with these results, the Tei index and both systolic and diastolic left ventricular diameters were higher in patients with myocardial infarction compared with the healthy ...
Apex Echocardiography
... the interatrial septum. The entire echo from the interatrial septum may be missing in this condition either because of associated secundum atrial septal defect or the normal septal echo dropout from the fossa ovalis region. We have not been able to detect mitral valve clefts from this view. In both ...
... the interatrial septum. The entire echo from the interatrial septum may be missing in this condition either because of associated secundum atrial septal defect or the normal septal echo dropout from the fossa ovalis region. We have not been able to detect mitral valve clefts from this view. In both ...
clinical value of unipolar chest and limb leads
... chest compared with those at another, any influence at all from the remote electrode is undesirable since it may distort the curve. It has recently been suggested (Wallace and Grossman, 1946; Hoyos and Tomayo, 1947) that in practice the differences between CR, CF, and V leads are so slight as to be ...
... chest compared with those at another, any influence at all from the remote electrode is undesirable since it may distort the curve. It has recently been suggested (Wallace and Grossman, 1946; Hoyos and Tomayo, 1947) that in practice the differences between CR, CF, and V leads are so slight as to be ...
A clinical approach to the assessment of left ventricular diastolic
... may develop symptomatic increases in filling pressures with exercise as the diastolic filling time shortens. As disease progresses, there is further decline of active myocardial relaxation and the onset of operative compliance abnormalities. Filling of the left ventricle becomes increasingly depende ...
... may develop symptomatic increases in filling pressures with exercise as the diastolic filling time shortens. As disease progresses, there is further decline of active myocardial relaxation and the onset of operative compliance abnormalities. Filling of the left ventricle becomes increasingly depende ...
Heart failure
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.