Effect of physical exercise on autonomic regulation of heart rate
... function in various physiological settings (Lipsitz et al. 1990, Huikuri et al. 1992, Huikuri et al. 1993, Davy et al. 1996, Tulppo et al. 1996, Tulppo et al. 1998b, Pikkujämsä et al. 2001, Tulppo et al. 2001a, Tulppo et al. 2001b). However, the number of well controlled studies on changes in HR var ...
... function in various physiological settings (Lipsitz et al. 1990, Huikuri et al. 1992, Huikuri et al. 1993, Davy et al. 1996, Tulppo et al. 1996, Tulppo et al. 1998b, Pikkujämsä et al. 2001, Tulppo et al. 2001a, Tulppo et al. 2001b). However, the number of well controlled studies on changes in HR var ...
Dissecting the Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Heart Disease
... to our understanding of the basis of mammalian disorders. 2. ECM Regulation and Cardiac Dysfunction The ECM is a dynamic three-dimensional network of proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and fibrous proteins linking and protecting the intercellular regions within organs and tissues, including the heart (re ...
... to our understanding of the basis of mammalian disorders. 2. ECM Regulation and Cardiac Dysfunction The ECM is a dynamic three-dimensional network of proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and fibrous proteins linking and protecting the intercellular regions within organs and tissues, including the heart (re ...
Module 3 - Cardiac Arrhythmias-Mechanisms of Arrhythmias
... Developed by Tony Curran (Clinical Nurse Educator) and Gill Sheppard (Clinical Nurse Specialist) Cardiology, June ...
... Developed by Tony Curran (Clinical Nurse Educator) and Gill Sheppard (Clinical Nurse Specialist) Cardiology, June ...
How to Use An AED - Palm Beach State College
... A. Continue to provide hard and fast chest compressions with minimal interruption to the best of your ability. It is hard work, and most people will get tired after only a few minutes of delivering any type of CPR. If someone else is nearby, ask them to take over after about 2 minutes or about 200 c ...
... A. Continue to provide hard and fast chest compressions with minimal interruption to the best of your ability. It is hard work, and most people will get tired after only a few minutes of delivering any type of CPR. If someone else is nearby, ask them to take over after about 2 minutes or about 200 c ...
recommendations of the british paediatric cardiac association
... Most of the anatomical information required for making decisions on treatment of congenital heart defects can be obtained by cross-sectional and colour Doppler echocardiography. Additional anatomical information can be obtained by magnetic resonance imaging. Shunt quantification can be derived from ...
... Most of the anatomical information required for making decisions on treatment of congenital heart defects can be obtained by cross-sectional and colour Doppler echocardiography. Additional anatomical information can be obtained by magnetic resonance imaging. Shunt quantification can be derived from ...
When Calcium Turns Arrhythmogenic: Intracellular Calcium
... believed to cause delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered activity (4). Recently, myocardial Ca2+ overload has been closely related to the initiation of tachyarrhythmic activity in isolated hearts or cardiomyocytes of rats and ferrets, as bioluminescence or fluorescence of intracellular Ca2+ indi ...
... believed to cause delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered activity (4). Recently, myocardial Ca2+ overload has been closely related to the initiation of tachyarrhythmic activity in isolated hearts or cardiomyocytes of rats and ferrets, as bioluminescence or fluorescence of intracellular Ca2+ indi ...
Influence of Ejection Fraction on the Prognostic Value of
... nephrine reuptake system but is not metabolized (8,9). Reductions in 123I-mIBG uptake therefore may represent abnormalities of pre-synaptic norepinephrine reuptake or sustained hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system in HF with pre-synaptic norepinephrine depletion. Abnormal cardiac sympathe ...
... nephrine reuptake system but is not metabolized (8,9). Reductions in 123I-mIBG uptake therefore may represent abnormalities of pre-synaptic norepinephrine reuptake or sustained hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system in HF with pre-synaptic norepinephrine depletion. Abnormal cardiac sympathe ...
toward consistent definitions for preload and afterload
... Law of LaPlace (also known as the surface tension law or the Law of Young-LaPlace), stated as follows for a thin-walled spherical structure: T ⫽ PR/2, where T is wall tension, P is chamber pressure, and R is chamber radius. For a thick-walled structure such as the left ventricle, a more appropriate ...
... Law of LaPlace (also known as the surface tension law or the Law of Young-LaPlace), stated as follows for a thin-walled spherical structure: T ⫽ PR/2, where T is wall tension, P is chamber pressure, and R is chamber radius. For a thick-walled structure such as the left ventricle, a more appropriate ...
THE REGULATION OF THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION In 1903
... vesselsor right heart. The mercury manometer has been used to record the mean pulmonary arterial pressure by Airila (1)) Dixon and Ransom (16)) Erikson (20), Hallion and Nepper (23), Jackson (28), Nolf and Plumier (43), Plumier (45), (46), Petitjean (44), Weber (64) and Wiggers (71). Since slight va ...
... vesselsor right heart. The mercury manometer has been used to record the mean pulmonary arterial pressure by Airila (1)) Dixon and Ransom (16)) Erikson (20), Hallion and Nepper (23), Jackson (28), Nolf and Plumier (43), Plumier (45), (46), Petitjean (44), Weber (64) and Wiggers (71). Since slight va ...
Double Outlet Right Ventricle With Pulmonary Stenosis - Heart
... ventricular septal defect which lies near to the pulmonary artery and is relatively remote from the aortic orifice. Flow from the right ventricle is mainly into the aorta, and these patients are cyanotic from birth. Type 2b. Here there is a large supracristal ventricular septal defect related to bot ...
... ventricular septal defect which lies near to the pulmonary artery and is relatively remote from the aortic orifice. Flow from the right ventricle is mainly into the aorta, and these patients are cyanotic from birth. Type 2b. Here there is a large supracristal ventricular septal defect related to bot ...
Current and Evolving Echocardiographic Techniques
... along a single scan line, and the returning echoes are sampled at a preset time after each pulse is sent, allowing the determination of the distance between the target and the transducer. The amplitude of the sampled echoes over time is then converted into a velocity spectrum using a fast Fourier tr ...
... along a single scan line, and the returning echoes are sampled at a preset time after each pulse is sent, allowing the determination of the distance between the target and the transducer. The amplitude of the sampled echoes over time is then converted into a velocity spectrum using a fast Fourier tr ...
Anderson 2014 Cochrane Overview
... was descriptive with detailed tabular presentations of review level and trial level characteristics and results. Main results We found six Cochrane systematic reviews and judged them to be of high methodological quality. They included 148 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in 98,093 participants. C ...
... was descriptive with detailed tabular presentations of review level and trial level characteristics and results. Main results We found six Cochrane systematic reviews and judged them to be of high methodological quality. They included 148 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in 98,093 participants. C ...
Regional Distribution of the Molecular Forms of Acetylcholinesterase
... those of skeletal muscle,2 it seems of interest to study the composition of the AChE pool in cardiac muscle. Although the AChE molecular forms of skeletal muscle have been well studied, little is known regarding cardiac AChE molecular forms. For example, how each of the various AChE forms are relate ...
... those of skeletal muscle,2 it seems of interest to study the composition of the AChE pool in cardiac muscle. Although the AChE molecular forms of skeletal muscle have been well studied, little is known regarding cardiac AChE molecular forms. For example, how each of the various AChE forms are relate ...
neonatal asphyxia
... The disturbances caused by hypoxia, hypercarbia and acidosis, intrauterine or during or post delivery, present a well defined order: 1. Primary apnea - the absence of 02 at fetus or newborn is followed by quickly and irregular breathings, then gasping and cessation of breathings for approx. one minu ...
... The disturbances caused by hypoxia, hypercarbia and acidosis, intrauterine or during or post delivery, present a well defined order: 1. Primary apnea - the absence of 02 at fetus or newborn is followed by quickly and irregular breathings, then gasping and cessation of breathings for approx. one minu ...
Increased Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression Contributes to
... basal vascular tone, blood pressure, and tissue perfusion.2,3 High levels of NO produced by activated macrophages not only may be toxic to undesired microbes, parasites, or tumor cells but also may harm healthy cells.1 Cardiac myocytes have been demonstrated to produce iNOS protein and activity with ...
... basal vascular tone, blood pressure, and tissue perfusion.2,3 High levels of NO produced by activated macrophages not only may be toxic to undesired microbes, parasites, or tumor cells but also may harm healthy cells.1 Cardiac myocytes have been demonstrated to produce iNOS protein and activity with ...
Reimplantation of Anomalous Single Coronary Artery From
... Valsalva (Fig 1B). PGE1 infusion and inotropic support was maintained, and the patient was taken to the operating room for repair of her anomalous coronary arteries. Anesthesia induction was carefully administered to avoid hypotension and coronary hypoperfusion during PGE1 infusion. A midline sterno ...
... Valsalva (Fig 1B). PGE1 infusion and inotropic support was maintained, and the patient was taken to the operating room for repair of her anomalous coronary arteries. Anesthesia induction was carefully administered to avoid hypotension and coronary hypoperfusion during PGE1 infusion. A midline sterno ...
Heart Development - Website of Neelay Gandhi
... Veins SV Atrium AV Canal Ventricle BC TA Ventral Arteries There are no lungs yet, with which pulmonary arteries and veins can interact. ...
... Veins SV Atrium AV Canal Ventricle BC TA Ventral Arteries There are no lungs yet, with which pulmonary arteries and veins can interact. ...
Provisional PDF - BioMed Central
... genotoxicity leading to cardiovascular diseases resulting in human pathological cardiac hypertrophy has been confirmed [3,4]. Previous studies elucidated that cigarette SHS exposure among children [5,6] might cause irreversible impairment in endotheliumdependent vasodilation, but the impact in old a ...
... genotoxicity leading to cardiovascular diseases resulting in human pathological cardiac hypertrophy has been confirmed [3,4]. Previous studies elucidated that cigarette SHS exposure among children [5,6] might cause irreversible impairment in endotheliumdependent vasodilation, but the impact in old a ...
Serum Levels of the Interleukin-1 Receptor Family
... macrophage, which may serve to prevent uncontrolled inflammatory reactions. It has also been shown that ST2 released in response to stress or injury can contribute toward the polarization of T helper cells to the Th2 phenotype. Myocardial infarction is associated with humoral (eg, cytokines and reac ...
... macrophage, which may serve to prevent uncontrolled inflammatory reactions. It has also been shown that ST2 released in response to stress or injury can contribute toward the polarization of T helper cells to the Th2 phenotype. Myocardial infarction is associated with humoral (eg, cytokines and reac ...
Cardiac rehabilitation for people with heart disease
... was descriptive with detailed tabular presentations of review level and trial level characteristics and results. Main results We found six Cochrane systematic reviews and judged them to be of high methodological quality. They included 148 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in 98,093 participants. C ...
... was descriptive with detailed tabular presentations of review level and trial level characteristics and results. Main results We found six Cochrane systematic reviews and judged them to be of high methodological quality. They included 148 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in 98,093 participants. C ...
Current and Evolving Echocardiographic Techniques for the Quantitative Evaluation
... along a single scan line, and the returning echoes are sampled at a preset time after each pulse is sent, allowing the determination of the distance between the target and the transducer. The amplitude of the sampled echoes over time is then converted into a velocity spectrum using a fast Fourier tr ...
... along a single scan line, and the returning echoes are sampled at a preset time after each pulse is sent, allowing the determination of the distance between the target and the transducer. The amplitude of the sampled echoes over time is then converted into a velocity spectrum using a fast Fourier tr ...
cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the prediction of outcome
... This work was supervised by Dr Francisco Leyva and Professor John Sanderson, Professor of Clinical Cardiology, University of Birmingham. Dr Shajil Chalil was my immediate predecessor as research fellow, and he devised the CMR-TSI technique with Dr Leyva and Dr Stegemann. My work followed on from Dr ...
... This work was supervised by Dr Francisco Leyva and Professor John Sanderson, Professor of Clinical Cardiology, University of Birmingham. Dr Shajil Chalil was my immediate predecessor as research fellow, and he devised the CMR-TSI technique with Dr Leyva and Dr Stegemann. My work followed on from Dr ...
Adult Heart Murmurs - American Academy of Family Physicians
... The content of my material/presentation in this CME activity will not include discussion of unapproved or investigational uses of products or devices. ...
... The content of my material/presentation in this CME activity will not include discussion of unapproved or investigational uses of products or devices. ...
PACES/HRS Expert Consensus Statement on the Evaluation and
... committee members were selected by PACES or HRS on the basis of their expertise in the field. The 11 pediatric electrophysiologists and 2 adult electrophysiologists on the writing committee were tasked with performing a formal literature review and then weighing the strength of the evidence on variou ...
... committee members were selected by PACES or HRS on the basis of their expertise in the field. The 11 pediatric electrophysiologists and 2 adult electrophysiologists on the writing committee were tasked with performing a formal literature review and then weighing the strength of the evidence on variou ...
Brief Review Determinants of Left Ventricular Filling and of the
... increased. As a result of this increased strain, diastolic wall stress and end-diastolic pressure increase. Over time, cardiac myocytes respond by elongating and thickening in a way that effectively increases Vo with little or no increase in wall thickness. This increase in Vo means that the larger ...
... increased. As a result of this increased strain, diastolic wall stress and end-diastolic pressure increase. Over time, cardiac myocytes respond by elongating and thickening in a way that effectively increases Vo with little or no increase in wall thickness. This increase in Vo means that the larger ...
Heart failure
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.