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... oceans, groundwater, & atmospheric water -most common minerals within Earth: silicates -As compared to rocks that make up crust, Earth as a whole is: considerably more dense -Hot, liquid rock beneath the surface of the Earth is termed magma -Earth’s geothermal gradient is rate of temp change incurre ...
10) Folds and Faults Notes
10) Folds and Faults Notes

... which they have been strained to the point where they will not return to their original shape, and a fracture point where the strain has reached a level that breaks the object in two. ...
Geology 13/14 (RTF 44kB)
Geology 13/14 (RTF 44kB)

... GL3301 Sedimentary Petrology: from sediment to rock TBA 5 credits This module deals with how sediment is produced at the Earth’s surface and then becomes rock and how the information preserved in these sedimentary rocks can be related to the physical, chemical and biological processes that occurred ...
plate tectonics
plate tectonics

... constant, slow motion, DRIVEN BY CONVECTION CURRENTS in the mantle. ...
earth`s layers - Net Start Class
earth`s layers - Net Start Class

... ● made of solid iron and nickel ● temperatures up to 5,000 C ● greatest amount of pressure of all layers ● believed to be responsible for earth’s ...
Earth`s layers core, mantle, crust
Earth`s layers core, mantle, crust

... ● made of solid iron and nickel ● temperatures up to 5,000 C ● greatest amount of pressure of all layers ● believed to be responsible for earth’s ...
Earth Matters Benchmark Study Topics
Earth Matters Benchmark Study Topics

S-waves travel through
S-waves travel through

... c. Most rocks have several minerals in common d. Rocks are located in continental areas of the earth ...
earth`s layers - Net Start Class
earth`s layers - Net Start Class

Brain Pop-Plate Tectonics ANSWER KEY
Brain Pop-Plate Tectonics ANSWER KEY

... The significance in the puzzle-like fit is that it supports the theory that all of the continents were once one big continent called Pangea. 3. The outer layer of the earth or crust is broken up into about a dozen major and many minor tectonic plates. 4. Tectonic Plates float around on a layer of mo ...
Geology 12 - Mr. Gauthier
Geology 12 - Mr. Gauthier

... 71. The angle that a bed of sedimentary rock sinks in to the crust is called its: (a) strike (b) dip (c) anticline (d) syncline 72. The orientation of a bed of sedimentary rock, relative to North, is known as: (a) strike (b) dip (c) anticline (d) syncline 73. A plane that is drawn vertically through ...
ppt
ppt

... A cycle that is believed to move the plates Caused by magma heating, rising, then cooling and sinking, and then heating, rising, cooling and sinking, and repeating the cycle over and over. ...
S05_4359_L02
S05_4359_L02

... Lecture 2. Earth's Interior & Plate Tectonics, continued Plate tectonics is driven by gravity (slab pull & mantle convection) & closely related to Earth’s interior temperature variations. Heating most materials decreases their rigidity and strength. Temperature (T) is a measure of a material’s kinet ...
Sixth Grade Science Standards
Sixth Grade Science Standards

... b. Investigate the composition of rocks in terms of minerals. c. Classify rocks by their process of formation. d. Describe processes that change rocks and the surface of the earth. e. Recognize that lithospheric plates constantly move and cause major geological events on the earth’s surface. f. Expl ...
Earth Science – Quiz 2
Earth Science – Quiz 2

... B) transform fault zones along divergent plate boundaries C) rift zones along mid-ocean ridges D) sites of long-lived, hot spot volcanism in the ocean basins 37. Deep ocean trenches are surficial evidence for ________. A) rifting beneath a continental plate and the beginning of continental drift B) ...
The Internal Structure of the Earth
The Internal Structure of the Earth

... CORE: The Earth’s core contains two distinct parts although they are made up of the same elements. • Inner Core – Made up of thick, dense Iron (Fe) and Nickel (Ni). A super heating component for the Earth. It is a solid element. • Outer Core – Also made up of Iron and Nickel, but this layer of the E ...
Science Focus Unit 5 - Menno Simons Christian School
Science Focus Unit 5 - Menno Simons Christian School

... Identification of Minerals The properties that can be used to identify minerals are: - Lustre: this refers to the 'shininess' of the mineral (how light is reflected off the surface) - Colour: colour can vary even within the same mineral, like corundum (it can be white, blue or red), depending on wha ...
Chapter 2 Lesson 3 How Do Movements Of The Earth`s Crust
Chapter 2 Lesson 3 How Do Movements Of The Earth`s Crust

... The place within the crust where energy is released during an earthquake is called the focus.  The release of energy may hardly be noticed, or it may cause a lot of damage.  The greatest damage is likely to occur directly above the focus.  The point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus is ...
File - Ms. D. Science CGPA
File - Ms. D. Science CGPA

... Convection in the Mantle pg. 297 The mantle is hot enough that solid rock can flow. Even though solid- the rock acts like a fluid. As the rock gets hotter, its density decreases and it rises. As the rock rises, it gets cooler and its density increases and it sinks. This process of heat transfer is ...
Chapter 7 Study Guide TEST ON LESSON 1 Use your textbook
Chapter 7 Study Guide TEST ON LESSON 1 Use your textbook

... together. 2. He discovered evidence that the same plant and animal fossils were found along the coasts of these continents, although they were now separated by vast oceans. 3. He noticed geological formations like mountain ranges, on the two continents also matched up. ...
guide
guide

... 5. Depth of deepest drill hole (12 km) – Drilling used for scientific study and oil exploration. 6. The Moho – crust/mantle boundary (~35 km [beneath continents]) – Crust is a thin shell; mantle is ~82% of Earth. 7. Base of the lithosphere (~100 km) – The Earth’s plates (lithosphere) are moving at c ...
Possible Teacher Demonstration of Relative age
Possible Teacher Demonstration of Relative age

... Possible Teacher Demonstration of Relative age Use everyday objects to model the concept of relative age in that different layers of Earth are different ages. Obtain several sheets of colored construction paper. Place one sheet on the bottom of a tray and tape several everyday objects in place (butt ...
Chapter 4 - TeacherWeb
Chapter 4 - TeacherWeb

... When an earthquake occurs, seismographs measure the difference in arrival times of seismic waves and record them Seismologists use these measurements to calculate the density and thickness of each layer ...
Plate Tectonics Lecture Notes Page
Plate Tectonics Lecture Notes Page

... c. Continental – Continental: plates collide, fold, & uplift  Indian & Asian plates -> HIMALAYAS One plate may move beneath Transform Boundary: Plates slide past each other •Lithosphere isn’t created or destroyed •Rock shatters •Many shallow earthquakes (San Andreas Fault) •Separates Pacific & Nort ...
Ch. 21 - Tri-City
Ch. 21 - Tri-City

... —  Energy is transferred by waves ¡  Measured as shock waves —  Three types of waves are generated ¡  Longitudinal – originate from focus ...
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Geology



Geology (from the Greek γῆ, gē, i.e. ""earth"" and -λoγία, -logia, i.e. ""study of, discourse"") is an earth science comprising the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change. Geology can also refer generally to the study of the solid features of any celestial body (such as the geology of the Moon or Mars).Geology gives insight into the history of the Earth by providing the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and past climates. Geology is important for mineral and hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation, evaluating water resources, understanding of natural hazards, the remediation of environmental problems, and for providing insights into past climate change. Geology also plays a role in geotechnical engineering and is a major academic discipline.
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