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... QOD – Where are most of the volcanos located on your map in relation to the plate boundaries? GOAL – I can determine where the plate boundaries are and what is located at them. TODAY – Check volcano plotting map for completeness / compare plate boundary map / start virtual plate boundary virtual lab ...
... QOD – Where are most of the volcanos located on your map in relation to the plate boundaries? GOAL – I can determine where the plate boundaries are and what is located at them. TODAY – Check volcano plotting map for completeness / compare plate boundary map / start virtual plate boundary virtual lab ...
Plate Motion
... generated by seafloor spreading at a common mid-ocean ridge can be reconstructed by fitting marine magnetic anomalies and fracture zones from conjugate ridge flanks. The Earth’s magnetic field experiences reversals over geological time, leading to linear bands of ocean crust magnetized during a normal o ...
... generated by seafloor spreading at a common mid-ocean ridge can be reconstructed by fitting marine magnetic anomalies and fracture zones from conjugate ridge flanks. The Earth’s magnetic field experiences reversals over geological time, leading to linear bands of ocean crust magnetized during a normal o ...
Why do Migrating TJs Suddenly Start Erupting
... 200 Myr of oceanic crust accumulation (* actually due to Birch, Tatsumoto, J. Tuzo Wilson) ...
... 200 Myr of oceanic crust accumulation (* actually due to Birch, Tatsumoto, J. Tuzo Wilson) ...
Slab flattening trigger for isotopic disturbance and magmatic flare
... The San Emigdio Schist of Southern California permits examination of partial melting and devolatilization processes along a Late Cretaceous shallow subduction zone. Detrital and recrystallized zircon of the structurally highest portions of the schist bracket the depositional age to between ca. 102 a ...
... The San Emigdio Schist of Southern California permits examination of partial melting and devolatilization processes along a Late Cretaceous shallow subduction zone. Detrital and recrystallized zircon of the structurally highest portions of the schist bracket the depositional age to between ca. 102 a ...
Isotopic evidence for nonuniform thinning of lithospheric mantle
... (up to 10% normative nepheline), sample the mantle at depths of 50 to 70 km. These depth ranges, based on phase equilibria data, have some uncertainty, but changing them by modest amounts does not change the conclusions significantly. It also assumed that the pre-extension lithospheric thickness was ...
... (up to 10% normative nepheline), sample the mantle at depths of 50 to 70 km. These depth ranges, based on phase equilibria data, have some uncertainty, but changing them by modest amounts does not change the conclusions significantly. It also assumed that the pre-extension lithospheric thickness was ...
Oregon State University | College of Oceanic and Atmospheric
... onshore stations from offshore shots and by preliminary modeling of magnetic anomalies and supports an earlier inference, based primarily on seismic reflection and magnetic data, of a steeply-dipping crustal boundary in this region (25). A fault that cuts the entire sedimentary section overlying the ...
... onshore stations from offshore shots and by preliminary modeling of magnetic anomalies and supports an earlier inference, based primarily on seismic reflection and magnetic data, of a steeply-dipping crustal boundary in this region (25). A fault that cuts the entire sedimentary section overlying the ...
Lab 4
... delivered to the oceans by rivers, but they also come from wave erosion of coastal rocks and sediments. These sediments are transported along the continental shelf by waves and near-shore currents. Eventually, they can be transported down the continental slope by gravity flows (slumps, slides, turbi ...
... delivered to the oceans by rivers, but they also come from wave erosion of coastal rocks and sediments. These sediments are transported along the continental shelf by waves and near-shore currents. Eventually, they can be transported down the continental slope by gravity flows (slumps, slides, turbi ...
CHAPTER 7 - SYNTHESIS
... the peninsula (change in stress field from nearly pure compression to strike-slip): normal faulting accommodates extension over short distances. This is due to the smaller strength of rock under tension as compared to compression [Ranalli & Murphy, 1987]. Although these general patterns can be disti ...
... the peninsula (change in stress field from nearly pure compression to strike-slip): normal faulting accommodates extension over short distances. This is due to the smaller strength of rock under tension as compared to compression [Ranalli & Murphy, 1987]. Although these general patterns can be disti ...
Plate Motion
... generated by seafloor spreading at a common mid-ocean ridge can be reconstructed by fitting marine magnetic anomalies and fracture zones from conjugate ridge flanks. The Earth’s magnetic field experiences reversals over geological time, leading to linear bands of ocean crust magnetized during a normal o ...
... generated by seafloor spreading at a common mid-ocean ridge can be reconstructed by fitting marine magnetic anomalies and fracture zones from conjugate ridge flanks. The Earth’s magnetic field experiences reversals over geological time, leading to linear bands of ocean crust magnetized during a normal o ...
Rheology and Tectonic Significance of Serpentinite
... plane (parallel to the c-axis), which leads to a low isotropic P-wave velocity (Vp) (e.g. Bezacier et al. 2010). Similarly, the shear modulus (ratio of shear stress to shear strain) parallel to the basal plane is very low. Thus, where a strong LPO arises owing to deformation, the elastic anisotropy ...
... plane (parallel to the c-axis), which leads to a low isotropic P-wave velocity (Vp) (e.g. Bezacier et al. 2010). Similarly, the shear modulus (ratio of shear stress to shear strain) parallel to the basal plane is very low. Thus, where a strong LPO arises owing to deformation, the elastic anisotropy ...
Tectonically asymmetric Earth - Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra
... be, at most, 50% of that obtained by Gripp and Gordon (2002) with model HS3-NUVEL1A, that proposes the highest net rotation value among the well-accepted absolute plate kinematic models relative to the hotspots. The argument of Conrad and Behn (2010) is that the reference frame of Gripp and Gordon ( ...
... be, at most, 50% of that obtained by Gripp and Gordon (2002) with model HS3-NUVEL1A, that proposes the highest net rotation value among the well-accepted absolute plate kinematic models relative to the hotspots. The argument of Conrad and Behn (2010) is that the reference frame of Gripp and Gordon ( ...
Episodic crustal growth and mantle evolution
... and the continental crust grows rapidly, probably through oceanic plateau accretion and underplating. During periods of more restricted twolayer convection the continental crust grows more slowly and only by arc accretion, while the upper mantle is progressively depleted. ...
... and the continental crust grows rapidly, probably through oceanic plateau accretion and underplating. During periods of more restricted twolayer convection the continental crust grows more slowly and only by arc accretion, while the upper mantle is progressively depleted. ...
Plate Tectonics
... Evidence for Sea-Floor Spreading Several types of evidence supported Hess’s theory of sea-floor spreading: eruptions of molten material, magnetic stripes in the rock of the ocean floor, and the ages of the rocks themselves. ...
... Evidence for Sea-Floor Spreading Several types of evidence supported Hess’s theory of sea-floor spreading: eruptions of molten material, magnetic stripes in the rock of the ocean floor, and the ages of the rocks themselves. ...
PLATE PUZZLES - Environmental Volunteers
... with – the Pacific Plate grinding past the North American Plate along the San Andreas Fault. The boundary is actually one long transform fault connecting two zones of plate spreading. Knowledge of movement has been obtained by bouncing laser beams from the North American Plate to distant hills on th ...
... with – the Pacific Plate grinding past the North American Plate along the San Andreas Fault. The boundary is actually one long transform fault connecting two zones of plate spreading. Knowledge of movement has been obtained by bouncing laser beams from the North American Plate to distant hills on th ...
aircurrents - AIR Worldwide
... Very briefly, most earthquakes happen where two or more of the tectonic plates that make up the solid surface of the earth come together. These earthquakes are caused by the plates sliding against each other, butting into one another, or one plate slipping underneath another. The stresses and strain ...
... Very briefly, most earthquakes happen where two or more of the tectonic plates that make up the solid surface of the earth come together. These earthquakes are caused by the plates sliding against each other, butting into one another, or one plate slipping underneath another. The stresses and strain ...
On Plate Tectonics and the Geologic Evolution of southwestern
... where volcanism has either ended or moved inland, this idea seems plausible. A major problem arises, however, in trying to explain the nearly instantaneous "sweep" of magmatism from east to west between 30 and 20 Ma. It is not clear that plates can sink that quickly. Coney and Reynolds used an excel ...
... where volcanism has either ended or moved inland, this idea seems plausible. A major problem arises, however, in trying to explain the nearly instantaneous "sweep" of magmatism from east to west between 30 and 20 Ma. It is not clear that plates can sink that quickly. Coney and Reynolds used an excel ...
The role of water in connecting past and future episodes of
... melting very effectively reduces S-velocity (Hammond and Humphreys, 2000; Van der Lee et al., 2001, 2002; Gerya et al., 2006). Alternatively, or in addition, the S-velocity could be decreased by a larger percentage through the added effect of lowered elasticity, or Q factor, resulting from the eleva ...
... melting very effectively reduces S-velocity (Hammond and Humphreys, 2000; Van der Lee et al., 2001, 2002; Gerya et al., 2006). Alternatively, or in addition, the S-velocity could be decreased by a larger percentage through the added effect of lowered elasticity, or Q factor, resulting from the eleva ...
Wilson and Aster [2003
... oriented parallel to the azimuth of the very active western Pacific seismogenic zones. Analysis applied to this seismic data set includes surface wave dispersion inversion for crustal and mantle structure, teleseismic body wave tomography, and teleseismic mantle anisotropy. Here we discuss the use o ...
... oriented parallel to the azimuth of the very active western Pacific seismogenic zones. Analysis applied to this seismic data set includes surface wave dispersion inversion for crustal and mantle structure, teleseismic body wave tomography, and teleseismic mantle anisotropy. Here we discuss the use o ...
Late-orogenic heating during exhumation: Alpine PTt trajectories
... mountain belt formed in response to subduction of the Piemonte^Ligurian branch of the Neotethys and subsequent collision of Adria (an African promontory) with the Eurasian continent. During this process of subduction and eventual collision, substantial volumes of continental rocks presently exposed ...
... mountain belt formed in response to subduction of the Piemonte^Ligurian branch of the Neotethys and subsequent collision of Adria (an African promontory) with the Eurasian continent. During this process of subduction and eventual collision, substantial volumes of continental rocks presently exposed ...
Happy First Day of Februaryана2/1/12 1. Plate Tectonics Review 2
... help you the most for reviewing for Friday's 32 point Test. ...
... help you the most for reviewing for Friday's 32 point Test. ...
Mantle convection results from plate tectonics – Fresh
... planets? What forces are responsible for driving the plates? Is mantle a homogeneous mixture or a set of two or more separately convecting systems? Scientists’ answers to these could not explain satisfactorily the conflicting geochemical and geophysical observations about mantle dynamics and chemist ...
... planets? What forces are responsible for driving the plates? Is mantle a homogeneous mixture or a set of two or more separately convecting systems? Scientists’ answers to these could not explain satisfactorily the conflicting geochemical and geophysical observations about mantle dynamics and chemist ...
Continental geotherm and the evolution of rifted margins
... Pressure-release melting of a hot (Tp . 1400 8C) mantle plume produces the thick sequences of igneous rocks found at volcanic rifted margins (White and McKenzie, 1989; Bown and White, 1995; Hopper et al., 2003). Lowering the Tp of the sublithospheric mantle to below 1300 8C similarly leads to a decr ...
... Pressure-release melting of a hot (Tp . 1400 8C) mantle plume produces the thick sequences of igneous rocks found at volcanic rifted margins (White and McKenzie, 1989; Bown and White, 1995; Hopper et al., 2003). Lowering the Tp of the sublithospheric mantle to below 1300 8C similarly leads to a decr ...
Collision tectonics of the Mediterranean region
... and the compressional tectonics induced by the convergence between Eurasia and Afro-Arabia. Earlier collisional events caused the formation of thick orogenic crust, high-standing plateaus, and heterogeneous mantle, and resulted in slab break-offs that were collectively crucial for the onset of postc ...
... and the compressional tectonics induced by the convergence between Eurasia and Afro-Arabia. Earlier collisional events caused the formation of thick orogenic crust, high-standing plateaus, and heterogeneous mantle, and resulted in slab break-offs that were collectively crucial for the onset of postc ...
Origin and consequences of western Mediterranean subduction
... highest structural units of the Alboran domain (Figure 1), with ages of ~38–32 Ma [Beccaluva et al., 2011; Lustrino et al., 2011], suggesting that subduction below Iberia and southern France was active since at least late Eocene time. This was followed by the inception of widespread overriding plate ...
... highest structural units of the Alboran domain (Figure 1), with ages of ~38–32 Ma [Beccaluva et al., 2011; Lustrino et al., 2011], suggesting that subduction below Iberia and southern France was active since at least late Eocene time. This was followed by the inception of widespread overriding plate ...
Tracing the evolving flux from the subducting plate in the Tonga
... Abstract—The influence of fluid flux on petrogenesis in the Tonga-Kermadec Arc was investigated using ion microprobe measurements of B/Be and boron isotope ratios (11B/10B) to document the source and relative volumes of the fluids released from the subducting oceanic plate. We analyzed young lavas f ...
... Abstract—The influence of fluid flux on petrogenesis in the Tonga-Kermadec Arc was investigated using ion microprobe measurements of B/Be and boron isotope ratios (11B/10B) to document the source and relative volumes of the fluids released from the subducting oceanic plate. We analyzed young lavas f ...
Oceanic trench
The oceanic trenches are hemispheric-scale long but narrow topographic depressions of the sea floor. They are also the deepest parts of the ocean floor. Oceanic trenches are a distinctive morphological feature of convergent plate boundaries, along which lithospheric plates move towards each other at rates that vary from a few mm to over ten cm per year. A trench marks the position at which the flexed, subducting slab begins to descend beneath another lithospheric slab. Trenches are generally parallel to a volcanic island arc, and about 200 km (120 mi) from a volcanic arc. Oceanic trenches typically extend 3 to 4 km (1.9 to 2.5 mi) below the level of the surrounding oceanic floor. The greatest ocean depth to be sounded is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 11,034 m (36,201 ft) below sea level. Oceanic lithosphere moves into trenches at a global rate of about 3 km2/yr.