Formation of metamorphic core complexes in non-over - HAL-Insu
... al., 2009). Recently, Ge et al. (2012) inferred a two-stage scenario of extension based on a sequential ...
... al., 2009). Recently, Ge et al. (2012) inferred a two-stage scenario of extension based on a sequential ...
Paleozoic large igneous provinces of Northern Eurasia: Correlation
... Enormous lava eruptions formed large igneous provinces (LIPs) with millions of cubic kilometers emplaced in relatively short time intervals. Such magmatic events have been most likely initiated by the uplift of hot material from the core–mantle boundary and occurred several times during the Cenozoic ...
... Enormous lava eruptions formed large igneous provinces (LIPs) with millions of cubic kilometers emplaced in relatively short time intervals. Such magmatic events have been most likely initiated by the uplift of hot material from the core–mantle boundary and occurred several times during the Cenozoic ...
The effect of velocity uncertainty on migrated
... given velocity to transform these line segments (or patches) between the data space and the model space. We use it on one or several horizons simultaneously to study how they jointly migrate and demigrate in different velocity models. Map migration/demigration provides a fast, tractable, physical mo ...
... given velocity to transform these line segments (or patches) between the data space and the model space. We use it on one or several horizons simultaneously to study how they jointly migrate and demigrate in different velocity models. Map migration/demigration provides a fast, tractable, physical mo ...
Numerical and laboratory studies of mantle convection: Philosophy
... of upwelling plumes (e.g., [Griffiths and Campbell, 1991; Morgan, 1971; Olson and Singer, 1985; Whitehead and Luther, 1975]) long before seismology became capable of imaging them in the deep mantle [Montelli et al., 2004]. Of course, this predictive capability is limited by uncertainties in physical ...
... of upwelling plumes (e.g., [Griffiths and Campbell, 1991; Morgan, 1971; Olson and Singer, 1985; Whitehead and Luther, 1975]) long before seismology became capable of imaging them in the deep mantle [Montelli et al., 2004]. Of course, this predictive capability is limited by uncertainties in physical ...
PERSPECTIVES ON METAMORPHIC FLUIDS
... and hydrothermal processes in different fO2 ranges, migrating along natural gradients in pressure (driving fluid motion) and temperature (away from natural heat sources), 7) when do metamorphic fluids have catastrophic impact upon crustal heat transport or release of volatiles to crust (causing deep ...
... and hydrothermal processes in different fO2 ranges, migrating along natural gradients in pressure (driving fluid motion) and temperature (away from natural heat sources), 7) when do metamorphic fluids have catastrophic impact upon crustal heat transport or release of volatiles to crust (causing deep ...
Elastic Anisotropy of a Metamorphic Rock Sample of the Canadian
... fractures can be modeled by effective media, whereas modeling of larger fractures that have an impact on the reflection, transmission and diffraction features on seismic data becomes more complicated. Many crystalline metamorphic formations are geologically heterogeneous in nature due to their compo ...
... fractures can be modeled by effective media, whereas modeling of larger fractures that have an impact on the reflection, transmission and diffraction features on seismic data becomes more complicated. Many crystalline metamorphic formations are geologically heterogeneous in nature due to their compo ...
... hand, 146Sm decays to 142Nd with a much shorter half-life, only 103 million years. 146Sm decays fast enough that it would be almost completely transformed to 142Nd in about five half lives, about 500 million years (0.5 billion years). The shergottites have clear evidence that this short-lived isotop ...
Mr. Altorfer - Fair Lawn Public Schools
... Evidence of continental drift also includes rocks on different continents that have similar or identical chemistry, geologic structure, and age. If you pushed North America and Europe together again, their mountains would look like one long belt with the same rock types. ...
... Evidence of continental drift also includes rocks on different continents that have similar or identical chemistry, geologic structure, and age. If you pushed North America and Europe together again, their mountains would look like one long belt with the same rock types. ...
Earthquake cycles and physical modeling of the process leading up... earthquake
... As understood from the basic fact that three fundamental modes (mode I, II, and III) of fracture are defined in terms of the crack-tip displacement in fracture mechanics, the displacement plays a fundamental and primary role in the fracturing process. One has to recognize that the slipdependency is ...
... As understood from the basic fact that three fundamental modes (mode I, II, and III) of fracture are defined in terms of the crack-tip displacement in fracture mechanics, the displacement plays a fundamental and primary role in the fracturing process. One has to recognize that the slipdependency is ...
Earthquakes
... • slower than P waves • travel through solids only • shear waves - move material perpendicular to wave movement ...
... • slower than P waves • travel through solids only • shear waves - move material perpendicular to wave movement ...
Continent elevation, mountains, and erosion
... erosion by water flattening the continents and then sweeping material into the oceans, where subduction ultimately carries it down into Earth’s interior. Although the freeboard concept explains that the continental land elevation is mostly just above the ocean surface, the same processes in conjunct ...
... erosion by water flattening the continents and then sweeping material into the oceans, where subduction ultimately carries it down into Earth’s interior. Although the freeboard concept explains that the continental land elevation is mostly just above the ocean surface, the same processes in conjunct ...
Faults: Basics
... • Strike-slip and dip-slip components • Most faults are oblique-slip, but are often dominantly strike-slip or dip-slip ...
... • Strike-slip and dip-slip components • Most faults are oblique-slip, but are often dominantly strike-slip or dip-slip ...
Figure 1) Map of the Saint Lawrence Rift System
... Rondot, who mapped the fault, shows that it crosses the Charlevoix crater without any deflection or fault offsets. The Saint Lawrence Fault had remnants of Ordovician rocks. This fault crosscuts east to northwest and contains subsidiary structures to the Cap-Tourmente Fault (Tremblay 4). The Cap-Tou ...
... Rondot, who mapped the fault, shows that it crosses the Charlevoix crater without any deflection or fault offsets. The Saint Lawrence Fault had remnants of Ordovician rocks. This fault crosscuts east to northwest and contains subsidiary structures to the Cap-Tourmente Fault (Tremblay 4). The Cap-Tou ...
A continuous plate-tectonic model using geophysical data to
... a means whereby geophysical data on intraplate deformation is used to estimate plate margin widths for all plates. A given plate’s shape function (which is unity within the plate, zero outside the plate) can be represented by analytic functions so long as the distance from a point inside the plate t ...
... a means whereby geophysical data on intraplate deformation is used to estimate plate margin widths for all plates. A given plate’s shape function (which is unity within the plate, zero outside the plate) can be represented by analytic functions so long as the distance from a point inside the plate t ...
Plate Tectonics - The Web site cannot be found
... The cycle of oceanic lithosphere begins at mid-ocean ridge (MOR), continues with the thickening, cooling, and moving along the earth’s surface, then subduction and sinking into the mantle, and ends with the decomposition either at the 670km boundary layer between the upper and lower mantle or at the ...
... The cycle of oceanic lithosphere begins at mid-ocean ridge (MOR), continues with the thickening, cooling, and moving along the earth’s surface, then subduction and sinking into the mantle, and ends with the decomposition either at the 670km boundary layer between the upper and lower mantle or at the ...
Constraints on the composition of the Aleutian arc lower crust from
... in the lower crust directly beneath the active arc by receiver functions at stations along the arc (H. A. Janiszewski et al., 2013, submitted). Thus, we favor the upper end of our acceptable range (1.7–1.75). 1.4. Interpretation of VP/VS [11] The new VP/VS results presented here combined with the VP ...
... in the lower crust directly beneath the active arc by receiver functions at stations along the arc (H. A. Janiszewski et al., 2013, submitted). Thus, we favor the upper end of our acceptable range (1.7–1.75). 1.4. Interpretation of VP/VS [11] The new VP/VS results presented here combined with the VP ...
Geologic Provinces of the Caribbean Region
... transform fault systems in oceanic crust, where the movement is accommodated in single, discrete fault zones, the movements in the Caribbean are distributed on several active fault zones to produce broad, active seismic zones about 200 km wide. As it is difficult to pinpoint the precise plate bounda ...
... transform fault systems in oceanic crust, where the movement is accommodated in single, discrete fault zones, the movements in the Caribbean are distributed on several active fault zones to produce broad, active seismic zones about 200 km wide. As it is difficult to pinpoint the precise plate bounda ...
PPT Waves 12
... • in a system-change the factors that affect the size, inertia or forces in the system. ...
... • in a system-change the factors that affect the size, inertia or forces in the system. ...
SP-569 - GOCE, The Geoid and Oceanography
... than 1000 km, though in some cases a relatively narrow long swell may exist indication the relative movement between the plate and the plume during the lifetime of the plume. Deeper in the mantle the plume stem, or the central region of enhanced temperature is even smaller. In agreement with numeric ...
... than 1000 km, though in some cases a relatively narrow long swell may exist indication the relative movement between the plate and the plume during the lifetime of the plume. Deeper in the mantle the plume stem, or the central region of enhanced temperature is even smaller. In agreement with numeric ...
Chapter 30. The Sediments of the Continental Margin
... It is expressed as a gradual decline in slope seaward of the continental slope. The continental rise blends into the deep abyssal plains, which are mainly composed of abyssal hills at an average depth of 2.5 miles (4 km) and covered with sediments. The rise can vary from 60 to 600 miles (100 to 1,00 ...
... It is expressed as a gradual decline in slope seaward of the continental slope. The continental rise blends into the deep abyssal plains, which are mainly composed of abyssal hills at an average depth of 2.5 miles (4 km) and covered with sediments. The rise can vary from 60 to 600 miles (100 to 1,00 ...
Petrogenesis of subvolcanic rocks from the Khunik prospecting area
... Pb on standard zircon 91500 was c. 30,000 cps per ppm Pb. For 238U, the corresponding value was c. 35,000. Mass and elemental bias and mass spectrometer drift of both U/Pb and Pb/Pb ratios were corrected respectively using a multi-step approach: firstorder mass bias was corrected using a desolvated ...
... Pb on standard zircon 91500 was c. 30,000 cps per ppm Pb. For 238U, the corresponding value was c. 35,000. Mass and elemental bias and mass spectrometer drift of both U/Pb and Pb/Pb ratios were corrected respectively using a multi-step approach: firstorder mass bias was corrected using a desolvated ...
Erratum - Forward
... (Table 1) were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction using eight-position centering of 15–20 low-angle reflections on either the Huber four-circle diffractometer in Bayreuth (samples WH833 and WH2120) or the Bruker P4 four-circle diffractometer in the Mineral Structures Laboratory at the Un ...
... (Table 1) were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction using eight-position centering of 15–20 low-angle reflections on either the Huber four-circle diffractometer in Bayreuth (samples WH833 and WH2120) or the Bruker P4 four-circle diffractometer in the Mineral Structures Laboratory at the Un ...
Buttressing and fractional spreading of Tenerife
... central Canary Island and had strong control on its structural formation. The architecture of Tenerife, its triaxial rift zone configuration and sites of sector instability, is controlled by gravitational spreading and partitioned lateral escape of edifice sectors. The gravity-controlled extension p ...
... central Canary Island and had strong control on its structural formation. The architecture of Tenerife, its triaxial rift zone configuration and sites of sector instability, is controlled by gravitational spreading and partitioned lateral escape of edifice sectors. The gravity-controlled extension p ...
Pangaea to Plate Tectonics Report
... and all at once so that the reader can appreciate them as a whole and in relationship to how The Urantia Book integrates these statements into its broader presentation of the history of our planet. (The Urantia Book uses the word “Urantia” as the name of our planet.) Additionally, reading through th ...
... and all at once so that the reader can appreciate them as a whole and in relationship to how The Urantia Book integrates these statements into its broader presentation of the history of our planet. (The Urantia Book uses the word “Urantia” as the name of our planet.) Additionally, reading through th ...
Earthscope
Earthscope is an earth science program using geological and geophysical techniques to explore the structure and evolution of the North American continent and to understand the processes controlling earthquakes and volcanoes. The project has three components: USARRAY, the Plate Boundary Observatory, and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth.The project is funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the data produced is publicly accessible in real-time. Organizations associated with the project include UNAVCO, the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), Stanford University, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Several international organizations also contribute to the initiative.