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ECG Part One
ECG Part One

... because the leads are not actually touching the heart itself. This is the same reason that there would be a voltage loss when measuring a 1.5 volt battery in salt water solution, when the electrodes are not actually touching the terminals themselves  As the battery in this salt water solution chang ...
is conducted
is conducted

... The morphology of the QRS in V1 has a distinct notch on the downstroke making it highly unlikely to be RBBB aberration. The QRS is entirely negative in lead V6. The frontal plane QRS axis is +150. The direction of ventricular activation is from left to right and posterior to anterior, suggesting a l ...
The Fundamentals of 12 Lead EKG Reviewing the Cardiac
The Fundamentals of 12 Lead EKG Reviewing the Cardiac

... • ST elevation of one millimeter or more, in at least two anatomically contiguous leads is considered presumptive evidence of an AMI • Lateral Leads: I, aVL, V5, and V6 • Inferior Leads II, III, and aVF • Septal Leads V1 and V2 • Anterior Leads V3 and V4 ...
Heart Blocks - Karina Vercic
Heart Blocks - Karina Vercic

... • Occurs when the ventricular rate differs from the atrial rate • Single area in atrium other than SA node starts impulse • AV node “gatekeeper” only allows some impulses through to ventricles (lots of P waves, regular QRS) • Atrial flutter is the precursor to atrial fibrillation ...
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY

... the front of the body.) (bottom left) Schematic of an electrocardiogram. (top left) one cycle of an ECG taken from Professor Love, Lead I, showing the PQRST features. Your heart is a pump. Blood enters the atria, the smaller chambers of the heart, which then contract, forcing the blood into the larg ...
Cardiac Cycle (PPT#4)
Cardiac Cycle (PPT#4)

Name:______ Per.______ Chapter 18: The Cardiovascular System
Name:______ Per.______ Chapter 18: The Cardiovascular System

... and the period of ventricular relaxation is called _______________________. The two sounds describing the heart sounds during the cardiac cycle are _____________________. The first heart sound is a result of closure of the ______________________valves; closure of the ___________________ valves cause ...
Heart Functions: the MEA and the Frank Starling Law of the heart 2/14
Heart Functions: the MEA and the Frank Starling Law of the heart 2/14

... Look at the two largest waves, if the R-amplitude is +9mm and the S-amplitude is -3mm, the net amplitude would be (+9mm) – 3mm = +6mm 2) From the center of each lead line on Einthoven’s Triangle (I, II and III), move that number of mm in the positive or negative direction from the center and place a ...
EKGLabWithVernierSoftware
EKGLabWithVernierSoftware

... An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a graphical recording of the electrical events occurring within the heart. In a healthy heart there is a natural pacemaker in the right atrium (the sinoatrial node) which initiates an electrical sequence. This impulse then passes down natural conduction pathways ...
File
File

D. Alkaline
D. Alkaline

... Close to a SPO2 waveform 30. What happens when a cell is depolarized? Negatively charged potassium ions rush out, and positively charged sodium ions rush into the cell. Negatively charged potassium ions rush in, and positively charged sodium ions rush out of the cell. Positively charged potassium io ...
Basic cardiology intro
Basic cardiology intro

... • Step 5 assesses whether all the complexes look the same. Normal conduction follows the same pathway with each beat. Different looking complexes indicate the some impulses are following alternative or aberrant pathways. ...
Heart Function: How do we correlate the cardiac cycle to sounds
Heart Function: How do we correlate the cardiac cycle to sounds

... upon where your positive and negative electrodes were placed on your body. Example: You could have an ECG with just a P and R wave and no observable Q-, S- or T-waves. It is only a matter of how the heart is oriented across the two electrodes of interest. ...
Heart Function: How do we correlate the cardiac cycle to sounds
Heart Function: How do we correlate the cardiac cycle to sounds

... upon where your positive and negative electrodes were placed on your body. Example: You could have an ECG with just a P and R wave and no observable Q-, S- or T-waves. It is only a matter of how the heart is oriented across the two electrodes of interest. ...
Developing Electrocardiogram Mathematical Model for
Developing Electrocardiogram Mathematical Model for

... of kink Т is also modeled by summing up two additive components (T1 and T2) from the sum of formula (1). In Figure 2 a theoretical ECG is shown, computed based on the formulae, given above, and compared with record No. 16773 “MIT-BIH Normal Sinus Rhythm Database” from the database “Archive of digita ...
Teixeira
Teixeira

...  Criteria  LAD for age (more useful in neonates/infants)  R in V5/V6 or I, II, III, aVF, aVL above normal  S in V1/V2 above normal  R/S in V1/V2 below normal  Deep/wide Q wave in V5/V6 >5 mm ...
Print your poster - Sutton High School
Print your poster - Sutton High School

... investigating signs and symptoms and family history of a cardiac condition 2. Blood pressure 3. Physical examination – including height, weight, BMI, and heart sounds 4. ECG. 5.The use of echocardiogram is conducted in cases with a positive finding on history, physical examination, or ECG. An electr ...
VT 106
VT 106

... Know the pattern of blood flow through the heart and how the following terms relate to cardiac function. right heart / pulmonary circuit / pulmonary vessels left heart / systemic circuit / systemic vessels oxygenated blood deoxygenated blood first heart sound second heart sound ...
Cardio GR - WordPress.com
Cardio GR - WordPress.com

... • Internal: SA and AV nodes; keeps the heartbeat regular • External: Medulla Oblongata can alter cardiac cycle with sympathetic and parasympathetic – Epinephrine & Norepinephrine stimulates the heart ...
multiple unipolar leads
multiple unipolar leads

... It is, perhaps, too soon to reach any final recommendation in this last direction and various suggestions made at the meeting were considered (see Proceedings, p. 92). The Editor would be grateful if those submitting papers would generally try to use one or other of these methods, and a figure that ...
Stress Testing: Review Questions
Stress Testing: Review Questions

... ECG. The diagnostic use of stress testing is best achieved in patients with intermediate risks of coronary heart disease on the basis of their chest pain characteristics, age, sex, and associated major risk factors. Patients with high probability of coronary heart disease who are having symptoms sho ...
Cardiac Electrophysiology
Cardiac Electrophysiology

... Digoxin Zyrtec, celebrex Her EKG records displayed several arrhythmias and while efforts at treatment were being made, she went into ventricular fibrillation. ...
ECG NOTES
ECG NOTES

... The heart is a muscle The heart muscle is called MYOCARDIUM. It is involuntary – it pumps without us having to think about it! The inside layer of muscle is ENDOCARDIUM. The outside layer is EPICARDIUM. The membranous sac around the heart is the ...
ECG-2 - Doctors2Be
ECG-2 - Doctors2Be

... Axis refers to the mean QRS axis (or vector) during ventricular depolarization. As you recall when the ventricles depolarize (in a normal heart) the direction of current flows leftward and downward because most of the ventricular mass is in the left ventricle. We like to know the QRS axis because an ...
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Cartia XT, Tiazac) Considerations for Use*
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Cartia XT, Tiazac) Considerations for Use*

... Blocks calcium-dependent contractions in cardiac and peripheral smooth muscle leading to vasodilation; slows cardiac conduction through the AV node Acute setting: 0.25 mg/kg (average 20 mg) IV over 2 min; may give 2nd bolus (0.35 mg/kg, average 25 mg) can be given 15 minutes later if HR > 100 bpm), ...
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Electrocardiography



Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.
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