Epidemiology and Etiology of Congenital Heart Diseases
... from innocent murmurs and abnormal clinical presentations, we recognized many undiagnosed CHD patients and have found many CHD patients who choose to undergo proper treatment (Sayasathid et al., 2009, 2010). Another tool to recognize CHD is pulse oximetry. It can detect cyanotic CHD which are not de ...
... from innocent murmurs and abnormal clinical presentations, we recognized many undiagnosed CHD patients and have found many CHD patients who choose to undergo proper treatment (Sayasathid et al., 2009, 2010). Another tool to recognize CHD is pulse oximetry. It can detect cyanotic CHD which are not de ...
Left ventricular hypertrophy and the insulin resistance
... left ventricle of the heart increases. A too large left ventricular mass is known as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). LVH is a very common condition. The prevalence of echocardiographic LVH in the general population ranges from 10-20% in young and middle-aged subjects to 30-50% in elderly subject ...
... left ventricle of the heart increases. A too large left ventricular mass is known as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). LVH is a very common condition. The prevalence of echocardiographic LVH in the general population ranges from 10-20% in young and middle-aged subjects to 30-50% in elderly subject ...
Ballistocardiography and Seismocardiography
... measurements is an accelerometer, typically with three-axis measurement capability, that is mechanically coupled to the body with either adhesives, plastic mounting, or textiles. In 2007, Castiglioni et al. tested the SCG assessment by an external three-axis MEMS accelerometer placed on the left cla ...
... measurements is an accelerometer, typically with three-axis measurement capability, that is mechanically coupled to the body with either adhesives, plastic mounting, or textiles. In 2007, Castiglioni et al. tested the SCG assessment by an external three-axis MEMS accelerometer placed on the left cla ...
Cost-Effectiveness of the Use of Implantable Cardioverter
... diseases (CVD) and is often caused by arrhythmia. Patients with arrhythmia can be prevented from SCD with antiarrhythmic agents or with an implantable cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD). Primary prevention is focussed on preventing a cardiac arrest before a life threatening situation happen. Implanting ...
... diseases (CVD) and is often caused by arrhythmia. Patients with arrhythmia can be prevented from SCD with antiarrhythmic agents or with an implantable cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD). Primary prevention is focussed on preventing a cardiac arrest before a life threatening situation happen. Implanting ...
Definitions for a common standard for 2D speckle tracking
... Velocity is a vectorial quantity with a direction and amplitude. Velocities are commonly reported just as measured, but sometimes they are reported after subtracting the average velocity of the overall LV. While in some cases this subtraction may correct for overall LV translation, it may also mask ...
... Velocity is a vectorial quantity with a direction and amplitude. Velocities are commonly reported just as measured, but sometimes they are reported after subtracting the average velocity of the overall LV. While in some cases this subtraction may correct for overall LV translation, it may also mask ...
Pulmonary Vascular Diseases
... patients at the time of diagnosis and in follow-up studies.3 A favorable vasodilator response is defined by consensus as a drop in mean PAP of at least 10 mm Hg to a value ⱕ40 mm Hg with an unchanged or increased cardiac output.16 Below, we discuss a number of tests that can complement the standard ...
... patients at the time of diagnosis and in follow-up studies.3 A favorable vasodilator response is defined by consensus as a drop in mean PAP of at least 10 mm Hg to a value ⱕ40 mm Hg with an unchanged or increased cardiac output.16 Below, we discuss a number of tests that can complement the standard ...
Up-regulation of HO-1 Attenuates Left Ventricular Remodeling Post Myocardial by
... ATPases of the sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum, adenylyl cyclase, fatty acidCoA synthetase, and other ATPases of the myocytes (Jennings and Reimer, 1991). The demand for ATP rapidly exceeds the supply. Electrical conduction continues, however, resulting in unproductive and/or sustained myocyte ...
... ATPases of the sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum, adenylyl cyclase, fatty acidCoA synthetase, and other ATPases of the myocytes (Jennings and Reimer, 1991). The demand for ATP rapidly exceeds the supply. Electrical conduction continues, however, resulting in unproductive and/or sustained myocyte ...
Chapter 19
... Heart has unique ability: automaticity • Can contract by itself, independent of any signals or stimulation from body • Contracts in response to an electrical current conveyed by a conduction system • Specialized cells in sinoatrial (SA) node, near superior vena cava initiate an electrical impulse • ...
... Heart has unique ability: automaticity • Can contract by itself, independent of any signals or stimulation from body • Contracts in response to an electrical current conveyed by a conduction system • Specialized cells in sinoatrial (SA) node, near superior vena cava initiate an electrical impulse • ...
12/09 Atrial Septal Defect
... Both defects are often associated with a partial anomalous pulmonary vein connection with abnormal drainage Pulmonary veins may be directed into the right atrium even if they are in the normal position Pulmonary veins may also be completely displaced and insert into either vena cava ...
... Both defects are often associated with a partial anomalous pulmonary vein connection with abnormal drainage Pulmonary veins may be directed into the right atrium even if they are in the normal position Pulmonary veins may also be completely displaced and insert into either vena cava ...
AHA Scientific Statement - The Institute for Collegiate Sports Medicine
... (HCM)32 is the single most common cause of athlete deaths (responsible for approximately one third of the cases), followed by congenital coronary artery anomalies, particularly those of wrong aortic sinus origin.11 Several other cardiovascular diseases account for '5% or less of these deaths in athl ...
... (HCM)32 is the single most common cause of athlete deaths (responsible for approximately one third of the cases), followed by congenital coronary artery anomalies, particularly those of wrong aortic sinus origin.11 Several other cardiovascular diseases account for '5% or less of these deaths in athl ...
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.181423 published online Mar
... (HCM)32 is the single most common cause of athlete deaths (responsible for approximately one third of the cases), followed by congenital coronary artery anomalies, particularly those of wrong aortic sinus origin.11 Several other cardiovascular diseases account for ⬇5% or less of these deaths in athl ...
... (HCM)32 is the single most common cause of athlete deaths (responsible for approximately one third of the cases), followed by congenital coronary artery anomalies, particularly those of wrong aortic sinus origin.11 Several other cardiovascular diseases account for ⬇5% or less of these deaths in athl ...
Quantitative Imaging of Diastolic Function using Cardiac Magnetic
... Diastolic dysfunction is the primary cause of 40–50% of all heart failure cases and is a contributing factor in many cardiac conditions, resulting from delayed or slowed muscle relaxation, increased stiffness of the relaxed heart or from poor systolic function which reduces the elastic recoil of the ...
... Diastolic dysfunction is the primary cause of 40–50% of all heart failure cases and is a contributing factor in many cardiac conditions, resulting from delayed or slowed muscle relaxation, increased stiffness of the relaxed heart or from poor systolic function which reduces the elastic recoil of the ...
Multiple Defects in Intracellular Calcium Cycling in Whole Failing
... measurements of intracellular Ca2⫹ transients in individual myocytes during rapid pacing protocols. The scan line was usually placed across the short axis of 10 to 20myocytes in a recording site on the epicardial surface using either a 25⫻ (NA 0.82) or 40⫻ (NA 1.2) water immersion objective. The sca ...
... measurements of intracellular Ca2⫹ transients in individual myocytes during rapid pacing protocols. The scan line was usually placed across the short axis of 10 to 20myocytes in a recording site on the epicardial surface using either a 25⫻ (NA 0.82) or 40⫻ (NA 1.2) water immersion objective. The sca ...
Recurrent Cough Syncope Due to Pertussis in Adults
... Until yet, only six cases of cough syncope related to pertussis have been described in the medical literature [4, 7-10], two of which were not documented by laboratory tests for pertussis [10]. In our medical center, we have the national center for pertussis research and diagnosis, and we are strong ...
... Until yet, only six cases of cough syncope related to pertussis have been described in the medical literature [4, 7-10], two of which were not documented by laboratory tests for pertussis [10]. In our medical center, we have the national center for pertussis research and diagnosis, and we are strong ...
Echogenic Intracardiac Focus: A Sonographic Sign for
... to have Down syndrome, compared with 1.4%, without an echogenic intracardiac focus. We did not include fetuses with trisomy 13 in our series because there was only one fetus diagnosed with trisomy 13 during the study period. The use of a high-risk patient population with an elevated baseline inciden ...
... to have Down syndrome, compared with 1.4%, without an echogenic intracardiac focus. We did not include fetuses with trisomy 13 in our series because there was only one fetus diagnosed with trisomy 13 during the study period. The use of a high-risk patient population with an elevated baseline inciden ...
"MRS Studies of Creatine Kinase Metabolism in Human Heart" in
... myocardial PCr/ATP ratio has been a common focus of human cardiac phosphorus (31 P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Today, our ability to measure the absolute concentrations of PCr and ATP, the CK reaction rate and flux with 31 P MRS, and the total creatine pool (CR) using proton (1 H) MRS, a ...
... myocardial PCr/ATP ratio has been a common focus of human cardiac phosphorus (31 P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Today, our ability to measure the absolute concentrations of PCr and ATP, the CK reaction rate and flux with 31 P MRS, and the total creatine pool (CR) using proton (1 H) MRS, a ...
Bridging the quality gap: Heart failure
... pump enough blood fast enough to meet the needs of the body. It can result from a variety of diseases that damage or overload the heart, such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure or a damaged heart valve. It can occur suddenly but, more commonly, becomes apparent over several ...
... pump enough blood fast enough to meet the needs of the body. It can result from a variety of diseases that damage or overload the heart, such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure or a damaged heart valve. It can occur suddenly but, more commonly, becomes apparent over several ...
The study of anatomical variations of coronary arteries
... henceforth in the literature. As per the other reports, the Circumflex artery was described to terminate at the crux normally and to end by anastomosing with the RCA but in this case CX artery terminated near the apex by anastomosing with a branch of anterior interventricular artery. As any new anas ...
... henceforth in the literature. As per the other reports, the Circumflex artery was described to terminate at the crux normally and to end by anastomosing with the RCA but in this case CX artery terminated near the apex by anastomosing with a branch of anterior interventricular artery. As any new anas ...
Indications and Guidelines for Performance of
... evaluating the intracardiac results of minimally invasive cardiac surgical procedures, in which there is limited direct visualization of the heart. In the critically ill postoperative patient with limited transthoracic views, TEE permits assessment of ventricular function and assists in determining ...
... evaluating the intracardiac results of minimally invasive cardiac surgical procedures, in which there is limited direct visualization of the heart. In the critically ill postoperative patient with limited transthoracic views, TEE permits assessment of ventricular function and assists in determining ...
EARLY POSTNATAL CARDIAC DEVELOPMENT IN ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE GENE-DISRUPTED MICE
... expressional levels also varied throughout development. Morphological analysis of cardiac vasculature revealed striking structural differences between ANP+/+ and ANP-/- mice. Quantitative stereological analysis of LM images indicated a greater vessel volume in ANP-/- compared to ANP+/+ mice. This st ...
... expressional levels also varied throughout development. Morphological analysis of cardiac vasculature revealed striking structural differences between ANP+/+ and ANP-/- mice. Quantitative stereological analysis of LM images indicated a greater vessel volume in ANP-/- compared to ANP+/+ mice. This st ...
Coronary arterial anomalies and variations
... Following the various statistical evaluations and extrapolations, it results that millions of people should be the bearers of a coronary anomaly (0.2-1.2% of the general population)9 but most of these, are either asymptomatic or undiagnosed Is there a causal relation between a rare event as sudden d ...
... Following the various statistical evaluations and extrapolations, it results that millions of people should be the bearers of a coronary anomaly (0.2-1.2% of the general population)9 but most of these, are either asymptomatic or undiagnosed Is there a causal relation between a rare event as sudden d ...
Catheter Ablation as a Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation
... radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation, is being studied in the treatment of various types of atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, with a prevalence estimated at 0.4% of the population, increasing with age. The underlying mechanism of atrial fibrillation i ...
... radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation, is being studied in the treatment of various types of atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, with a prevalence estimated at 0.4% of the population, increasing with age. The underlying mechanism of atrial fibrillation i ...
Atrial Remodeling and Atrial Fibrillation
... (as occurs with vagal activation) is reduced, but agonistindependent (“constitutive”) IKACh (IKACh,c) activity is enhanced.6,26,43,44 IKACh,c enhancement is due to increased singlechannel open probability caused by slowed channel closure.44 mRNA and protein expression of Kir3 subunits underlying IKA ...
... (as occurs with vagal activation) is reduced, but agonistindependent (“constitutive”) IKACh (IKACh,c) activity is enhanced.6,26,43,44 IKACh,c enhancement is due to increased singlechannel open probability caused by slowed channel closure.44 mRNA and protein expression of Kir3 subunits underlying IKA ...
Electrocardiography
Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.