******* 1
... The adrenal gland is a multifunctional organ that produces the steroid hormones and neuropeptides which are essential for life. Despite the complex effects of adrenal hormones, most pathologic conditions of the adrenal gland are linked by their impact on blood pressure and electrolyte balance. ...
... The adrenal gland is a multifunctional organ that produces the steroid hormones and neuropeptides which are essential for life. Despite the complex effects of adrenal hormones, most pathologic conditions of the adrenal gland are linked by their impact on blood pressure and electrolyte balance. ...
Structure and Development of the Parotoid Gland in
... periphery of the gland. Usually a distinction between cytoplasm and luminal contents was not resolved, especially in the most full glands. Where the luminal-epithelial borders are apparent, the epithelial layer is a narrow, simple band of cells, cuboidal toward the epidermis and squamous distally. T ...
... periphery of the gland. Usually a distinction between cytoplasm and luminal contents was not resolved, especially in the most full glands. Where the luminal-epithelial borders are apparent, the epithelial layer is a narrow, simple band of cells, cuboidal toward the epidermis and squamous distally. T ...
PDF - the Houpt Lab
... Hypersecretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine from tumors of the adrenal medulla Dramatic clinical episodes after stress (or even just change in posture): headache, palpatiations, chest pain, cold sweats, anxiety and impeding sense of death. hyper-epinephrine –> increase heart rate hyper-norepine ...
... Hypersecretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine from tumors of the adrenal medulla Dramatic clinical episodes after stress (or even just change in posture): headache, palpatiations, chest pain, cold sweats, anxiety and impeding sense of death. hyper-epinephrine –> increase heart rate hyper-norepine ...
THE EFFECTS OF POSTNATAL HYPERTHYROIDISM ON
... after birth (Cohen 2000). Sutures might inhibit external forces such as trauma that result in calvarial bone separation. In addition, sutures allow small movement and work as an absorber for the mechanical stresses of head trauma during in early childhood and infancy (Cohen, 2000). Research on the c ...
... after birth (Cohen 2000). Sutures might inhibit external forces such as trauma that result in calvarial bone separation. In addition, sutures allow small movement and work as an absorber for the mechanical stresses of head trauma during in early childhood and infancy (Cohen, 2000). Research on the c ...
Response of the Pituitary and Thyroid to Tropic Hormones in
... rats to a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) ECT and a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) ECT and characterized the dose– response curve. TSH, thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and prolactin responses were characterized for several doses of TRH over a 4-h time period. Animals were equipped with ...
... rats to a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) ECT and a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) ECT and characterized the dose– response curve. TSH, thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and prolactin responses were characterized for several doses of TRH over a 4-h time period. Animals were equipped with ...
A brief review of rat thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and
... seen immediately after the start of lighting, while peaks of T4 and T3 appeared 3-4 hours later, and corticosterone and prolactin increased soon after the light off. If the light and dark periods are reversed, i.e. light off: 7:30 and light on: 19:30, for 3 weeks, all the hormone peaks shifted 12 h ...
... seen immediately after the start of lighting, while peaks of T4 and T3 appeared 3-4 hours later, and corticosterone and prolactin increased soon after the light off. If the light and dark periods are reversed, i.e. light off: 7:30 and light on: 19:30, for 3 weeks, all the hormone peaks shifted 12 h ...
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
... was selected on the basis that both parents were heterozygous. Fig. 1 demonstrates that all affected children carried the same thyroglobulin alleles, as demonstrated by Southern blotting of DNA extracted from their blood. This was suggestive of a linkage between the mutation and the thyroglobulin ge ...
... was selected on the basis that both parents were heterozygous. Fig. 1 demonstrates that all affected children carried the same thyroglobulin alleles, as demonstrated by Southern blotting of DNA extracted from their blood. This was suggestive of a linkage between the mutation and the thyroglobulin ge ...
NEW AIM: How do chemical signals coordinate body functions? I
... ii. Master control center of endocrine system iii. Connects nervous system to endocrine system - receives info from nerves about internal and external environment iv. Closely tied to pituitary gland – in fact, the posterior pituitary is made of cells that extend from the hypothalamus ...
... ii. Master control center of endocrine system iii. Connects nervous system to endocrine system - receives info from nerves about internal and external environment iv. Closely tied to pituitary gland – in fact, the posterior pituitary is made of cells that extend from the hypothalamus ...
Chapter 26
... - too much T3 or T4 - overheating, excessive sweating, irritable, high BP, weight lose - Grave’s disease - autoimmune disease - antibodies made against TSH receptors on thyroid - Antibodies bind to receptors and activate them in the absence of TSH = hyperthyroidism ...
... - too much T3 or T4 - overheating, excessive sweating, irritable, high BP, weight lose - Grave’s disease - autoimmune disease - antibodies made against TSH receptors on thyroid - Antibodies bind to receptors and activate them in the absence of TSH = hyperthyroidism ...
Chapter 45 - Endocrine
... - too much T3 or T4 - overheating, excessive sweating, irritable, high BP, weight lose - Grave’s disease - autoimmune disease - antibodies made against TSH receptors on thyroid - Antibodies bind to receptors and activate them in the absence of TSH = hyperthyroidism ...
... - too much T3 or T4 - overheating, excessive sweating, irritable, high BP, weight lose - Grave’s disease - autoimmune disease - antibodies made against TSH receptors on thyroid - Antibodies bind to receptors and activate them in the absence of TSH = hyperthyroidism ...
Chapter 3
... • Hormones of the anterior pituitary and the cells that produce the: – Human growth hormone (hGH) is secreted by somatotrophs. – Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by thyrotrophs. – Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are secreted by gonadotrophs. – Prolactin ( ...
... • Hormones of the anterior pituitary and the cells that produce the: – Human growth hormone (hGH) is secreted by somatotrophs. – Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by thyrotrophs. – Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are secreted by gonadotrophs. – Prolactin ( ...
39-2 Human Endocrine Glands
... Reproductive Glands What are the functions of the reproductive glands? ...
... Reproductive Glands What are the functions of the reproductive glands? ...
Table of Contents - American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
... XX counterparts. In the adrenals, stimulation in utero affects primarily the fetal zone. The definitive zone, which develops into the zona glomerulosa and fasciculata, may remain partially functional for weeks after birth, demonstrated by the delay in adrenal insufficiency and salt wasting. XX femal ...
... XX counterparts. In the adrenals, stimulation in utero affects primarily the fetal zone. The definitive zone, which develops into the zona glomerulosa and fasciculata, may remain partially functional for weeks after birth, demonstrated by the delay in adrenal insufficiency and salt wasting. XX femal ...
Chapter 11: Endocrine System
... (Custom Medical Stock Photo, Inc.) Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Fruch ...
... (Custom Medical Stock Photo, Inc.) Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Fruch ...
hormones
... • Hormones of the anterior pituitary and the cells that produce the: – Human growth hormone (hGH) is secreted by somatotrophs. – Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by thyrotrophs. – Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are secreted by gonadotrophs. – Prolactin ( ...
... • Hormones of the anterior pituitary and the cells that produce the: – Human growth hormone (hGH) is secreted by somatotrophs. – Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by thyrotrophs. – Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are secreted by gonadotrophs. – Prolactin ( ...
Chapter 3
... • Hormones of the anterior pituitary and the cells that produce the: – Human growth hormone (hGH) is secreted by somatotrophs. – Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by thyrotrophs. – Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are secreted by gonadotrophs. – Prolactin ( ...
... • Hormones of the anterior pituitary and the cells that produce the: – Human growth hormone (hGH) is secreted by somatotrophs. – Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by thyrotrophs. – Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are secreted by gonadotrophs. – Prolactin ( ...
Introduction to the Hypothalamo- Pituitary
... There are several other characteristics of this system worth mentioning. The short portal veins could enable reverse flow from the anterior pituitary to the posterior pituitary. This would result in a direct communication between the anterior pituitary and the hypothalamus via reverse axonal transpor ...
... There are several other characteristics of this system worth mentioning. The short portal veins could enable reverse flow from the anterior pituitary to the posterior pituitary. This would result in a direct communication between the anterior pituitary and the hypothalamus via reverse axonal transpor ...
Chapter 11 The Endocrine System
... Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2002, 1997, 1992 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. ...
... Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2002, 1997, 1992 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. ...
Supernumerary ectopic parathyroid glands. Persistent
... supernumerary parathyroid glands are a major cause of persistent and recurrent HPT and can occur from the angle of the mandible to the mediastinum.2 Four in ten patients whose primary surgery failed may undergo two or more re-explorations when specific preoperative localization procedures are not ut ...
... supernumerary parathyroid glands are a major cause of persistent and recurrent HPT and can occur from the angle of the mandible to the mediastinum.2 Four in ten patients whose primary surgery failed may undergo two or more re-explorations when specific preoperative localization procedures are not ut ...
Rapid Publication - Journal of Clinical Investigation
... the structural gene (17). The somatostatin probe is a synthetic polynucleotide of 46 bp, and represents part of the somatostatin cDNA (18). The data for PTH mRNA and actin mRNA has been published previously (1). For gel blot analysis, total RNA from thyroid-parathyroid tissue was extracted, denature ...
... the structural gene (17). The somatostatin probe is a synthetic polynucleotide of 46 bp, and represents part of the somatostatin cDNA (18). The data for PTH mRNA and actin mRNA has been published previously (1). For gel blot analysis, total RNA from thyroid-parathyroid tissue was extracted, denature ...
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis and Sympathetic Nervous
... Received September 30, 2002; accepted December 18, 2002 ...
... Received September 30, 2002; accepted December 18, 2002 ...
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism, also known as over active thyroid and hyperthyreosis, is the condition that occurs due to excessive production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. Thyrotoxicosis is the condition that occurs due to excessive thyroid hormone of any cause and therefore includes hyperthyroidism. Some, however, use the terms interchangeably. Signs and symptoms vary between people and may include irritability, muscle weakness, sleeping problems, a fast heartbeat, poor tolerance of heat, diarrhea, enlargement of the thyroid, and weight loss. Symptoms are typically less in the old and during pregnancy. An uncommon complication is thyroid storm in which an event such as an infection results in worsening symptoms such as confusion and a high temperature and often results in death. The opposite is hypothyroidism, when the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone.Graves' disease is the cause of about 50% to 80% of case of hyperthyroidism in the United States. Other causes include multinodular goiter, toxic adenoma, inflammation of the thyroid, eating too much iodine, and too much synthetic thyroid hormone. A less common cause is a pituitary adenoma. The diagnosis may be suspected based on signs and symptoms and then confirmed with blood tests. Typically blood tests show a low thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and raised T3 or T4. Radioiodine uptake by the thyroid, thyroid scan, and TSI antibodies may help determine the cause.Treatment depends partly on the cause and severity of disease. There are three main treatment options: radioiodine therapy, medications, and thyroid surgery. Radioiodine therapy involves taking iodine-131 by mouth which is then concentrated in and destroys the thyroid over weeks to months. The resulting hypothyroidism is treated with synthetic thyroid hormone. Medications such as beta blockers may control the symptoms and anti-thyroid medications such as methimazole may temporarily help people while other treatments are having effect. Surgery to remove the thyroid is another option. This may be used in those with very large thyroids or when cancer is a concern. In the United States hyperthyroidism affects about 1.2% of the population. It occurs between two and ten times more often in women. Onset is commonly between 20 and 50 years of age. Overall the disease is more common in those over the age of 60 years.