In Anaerobic Respiration glucose is broken down
... Phosphofructokinase is high concentrations ATP inhibited by The rate of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are synchronised by If citrate consumption increases ...
... Phosphofructokinase is high concentrations ATP inhibited by The rate of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are synchronised by If citrate consumption increases ...
Pre AP Bio Nov 8 2016
... • How did we get from glucose to lactic acid? • In the liver, the process is “reversed” using ATP from aerobic respiration ...
... • How did we get from glucose to lactic acid? • In the liver, the process is “reversed” using ATP from aerobic respiration ...
11/6/11 10:49 PM Metabolism Poster Questions: Answer the
... 37. Why are the reactions of the photosynthetic electron transport system sometimes referred to as the “light reactions?” Require light energy to energize it (Calvin Cycle does not happen in the dark) 38. What is the direct source of energy for the ATP synthase in the thylakoid membrane? Compare thi ...
... 37. Why are the reactions of the photosynthetic electron transport system sometimes referred to as the “light reactions?” Require light energy to energize it (Calvin Cycle does not happen in the dark) 38. What is the direct source of energy for the ATP synthase in the thylakoid membrane? Compare thi ...
energy2
... Usable energy is released as reactions break down carbon compounds, such as glucose. ...
... Usable energy is released as reactions break down carbon compounds, such as glucose. ...
Energy and Plant Pigments
... They use energy to make molecules (building blocks for biological molecules) and get rid of waste Cells carry out all the jobs in your body: circulation oxygen, breaking down food, contracting muscles, etc. All of these jobs require energy. ...
... They use energy to make molecules (building blocks for biological molecules) and get rid of waste Cells carry out all the jobs in your body: circulation oxygen, breaking down food, contracting muscles, etc. All of these jobs require energy. ...
Regulation of Glycolysis
... Like other allosteric proteins (hemoglobin) and enzymes (ATCase) the binding of allosteric effectors and substrates is communicated to each of the active sites. Quaternary changes are concerted and preserve the symmetry of the tetramer. PFK-1 has two sets of alternative interactions between subunits ...
... Like other allosteric proteins (hemoglobin) and enzymes (ATCase) the binding of allosteric effectors and substrates is communicated to each of the active sites. Quaternary changes are concerted and preserve the symmetry of the tetramer. PFK-1 has two sets of alternative interactions between subunits ...
Name Date
... 17. Before pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle, it is decarboxylated, oxidized, & combined with coenzyme A, forming acetyl CoA, carbon dioxide, & one molecule of a. NADH c. ADP b. FADH2 d. C6H12O6 18. In the process of ____________, electron transport and ATP synthesis are coupled by a proton grad ...
... 17. Before pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle, it is decarboxylated, oxidized, & combined with coenzyme A, forming acetyl CoA, carbon dioxide, & one molecule of a. NADH c. ADP b. FADH2 d. C6H12O6 18. In the process of ____________, electron transport and ATP synthesis are coupled by a proton grad ...
Cell Physiology
... • Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers – complexes of iron and sulfur atoms bound to membrane proteins • Coenzyme Q (CoQ) – accepts electrons from FADH2 – small mobile molecule that moves about in the membrane ...
... • Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers – complexes of iron and sulfur atoms bound to membrane proteins • Coenzyme Q (CoQ) – accepts electrons from FADH2 – small mobile molecule that moves about in the membrane ...
Basic Concepts of Cellular Metabolism and Bioenergetics
... Further degradation. Produces amino acids, hexose sugars, fatty acids and glycerol. Moves materials into blood for transport to cells. ...
... Further degradation. Produces amino acids, hexose sugars, fatty acids and glycerol. Moves materials into blood for transport to cells. ...
29 Cellular Respiration Biology “B”
... To get the sugar into the body, we first eat the different macromolecules and chew them up. The reason to chew the food is to mechanically break down the food so enzymes can break the macromolecules down easier (that is the enzymes need to GET AT every single molecule). If the molecules are stuck in ...
... To get the sugar into the body, we first eat the different macromolecules and chew them up. The reason to chew the food is to mechanically break down the food so enzymes can break the macromolecules down easier (that is the enzymes need to GET AT every single molecule). If the molecules are stuck in ...
CR Jeopardy 08-09
... What the electron carriers made in the Cellular Respiration do with their electrons. ...
... What the electron carriers made in the Cellular Respiration do with their electrons. ...
Catabolic pathways
... amount is small compared with the energy produced during the third stage of catabolism. ...
... amount is small compared with the energy produced during the third stage of catabolism. ...
Lesson 2 & 3 - Kinver High School
... •ATP exists in every living tissue its breakdown gives energy for all life functions ...
... •ATP exists in every living tissue its breakdown gives energy for all life functions ...
Cellular Respiration
... What Happens? = If oxygen IS available, fermentation does NOT happen. 1. Pyruvic Acid is converted into Acetyl CoA. 2. This joins with oxaloacetic acid to form citric acid. 3. Citric Acid goes through a cycle where CO2 and electron carriers are formed. 4. The 2 original pyruvic acid molecules are co ...
... What Happens? = If oxygen IS available, fermentation does NOT happen. 1. Pyruvic Acid is converted into Acetyl CoA. 2. This joins with oxaloacetic acid to form citric acid. 3. Citric Acid goes through a cycle where CO2 and electron carriers are formed. 4. The 2 original pyruvic acid molecules are co ...
Riveting Respiration
... that makes ATP As electrons flow down the ETC, energy is released. This energy is used to pump H+ (protons) across the membrane leaving a high concentration of H+ outside and a low ...
... that makes ATP As electrons flow down the ETC, energy is released. This energy is used to pump H+ (protons) across the membrane leaving a high concentration of H+ outside and a low ...
Metabolism
... complex through which hydrogen ions flow down their gradient from the intermembrane space into the matrix. The flow of three H+ through an ATP synthase complex causes a conformational change, which causes the ATP synthase to synthesize ATP from ADP + P. ...
... complex through which hydrogen ions flow down their gradient from the intermembrane space into the matrix. The flow of three H+ through an ATP synthase complex causes a conformational change, which causes the ATP synthase to synthesize ATP from ADP + P. ...
Chapter 6
... along a series of carriers to produce ATP – H+ from NADH/FADH: accepted by O2 to form water ...
... along a series of carriers to produce ATP – H+ from NADH/FADH: accepted by O2 to form water ...
Cellular Respiration
... The ATP produced in Glycolysis & the Krebs Cycle is produced by this method. ...
... The ATP produced in Glycolysis & the Krebs Cycle is produced by this method. ...
Photosynthesis/Cell Resp Notes
... Second step of photosynthesis that uses ATP and electrons from the light reaction and carbon dioxide from the air to make glucose ...
... Second step of photosynthesis that uses ATP and electrons from the light reaction and carbon dioxide from the air to make glucose ...
ENERGETICS
... through a chain of cytochrome molecules. This regenerates NAD+ and FAD so that they can be reused in glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle. ...
... through a chain of cytochrome molecules. This regenerates NAD+ and FAD so that they can be reused in glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle. ...
Cellular Respiration Releases Energy from Organic Compounds
... Pyruvate breaks down into CO2 and a 2 carbon group ...
... Pyruvate breaks down into CO2 and a 2 carbon group ...
Microsoft PowerPoint
... b) Essential for maintaining ________________ by moving molecules through the membrane by ___________________________ c) Rid the cell of toxins by ___________________ d) Find and engulf food by ___________________ e) Movement to avoid danger ...
... b) Essential for maintaining ________________ by moving molecules through the membrane by ___________________________ c) Rid the cell of toxins by ___________________ d) Find and engulf food by ___________________ e) Movement to avoid danger ...
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.