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PREVENTING INFECTIONS How to Protect Your
PREVENTING INFECTIONS How to Protect Your

... and placed where they are easily seen and reached. They should never be overfilled. Do not use a sharps container if it is more than 2/3 filled; call the appropriate department to replace the container. - Replacement of reusable sharps by single-use disposables will aid in the reduction of injuries. ...
Frequently Asked Questions Human swine influenza has been
Frequently Asked Questions Human swine influenza has been

... Q16. I got my flu shot this year. Will it protect me against human swine influenza? This year’s annual influenza immunization, or flu shot, protects against the human strain of H1N1 influenza. The human swine influenza H1N1 strain is different than the human strain. It is unlikely that the seasonal ...
Recommendations for Routine Testing and Follow-up for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection
Recommendations for Routine Testing and Follow-up for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection

... * For multiple countries, estimates of prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), a marker of chronic HBV infection, are based on limited data and might not reflect current prevalence in countries that have implemented childhood hepatitis B vaccination. In addition, HBsAg prevalence might va ...
Viruses
Viruses

... Use the principle of least privilege. ...
biology 207: microbiology lecture objectives
biology 207: microbiology lecture objectives

... 8. Justify the statement that contributions from Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, and Koch aided the development of microbiology as a science. 9. Describe and explain the germ theory of disease and indicate why Koch’s Postulates are important to this theory. 10. Explain the classification system developed by B ...
HC3 - Artitec
HC3 - Artitec

... This is not the case with MRSA. All over the world is spoken about MRSA, as the cause of nosocomial infections. MRSA bacteria tranfers through carriers - people who have the bacteria on their skin or up the nose. without any adverse effects for the individual - and is obviously spread by patients. T ...
120409.S.Monrad
120409.S.Monrad

... Copyright holders of content included in this material should contact [email protected] with any questions, corrections, or clarification regarding the use of content. For more information about how to cite these materials visit http://open.umich.edu/education/about/terms-of-use. Any medical i ...
What is Group A streptococcus
What is Group A streptococcus

... necrotising fasciitis – an infection of the deeper layers of the skin, fat and covering of the muscle (fascia), which can cause severe pain, swelling and redness of the affected area that, can spread very quickly. How do we treat Strep A infections? Group A strep infections are treated with antibiot ...
Microbiology Type DEFINITION Antibiotic VOD Medicine used to kill
Microbiology Type DEFINITION Antibiotic VOD Medicine used to kill

... Having the disease-causing agent actively impacting one or more body systems ...
Chickenpox in Pregnancy and Postnatal Period
Chickenpox in Pregnancy and Postnatal Period

... virus of the herpes family. Transmission occurs by respiratory droplets and direct personal contact with vesicular fluid (Tyring, 1992). In the UK, approximately 93% of adults have detectable antibodies to varicella so most pregnant women are immune (Nardone, et al. 2007). However, pregnant women wh ...
Potential Pathogens in the School Environment
Potential Pathogens in the School Environment

... more molds (Group A), regions in the vicinity of lavatories would contain more mold and yeast (Group B), and regions with most students would contain more Staphylococcus aureus and aerobic bacteria (Group C). Data overall supported the hypothesis: Group A registered a large count of mold, and Group ...
upper respiratory tract infections
upper respiratory tract infections

... Each year more than two million Muslims perform the hajj rituals, in Makkah and Medina from over 140 countries. There are several factors contributing to the wide spread of URTIs, which include breathing of contaminated air, direct contact with infected people, over-crowded places, cigarette smoking ...


... Note: It is often impossible to distinguish clinically between bacterial and viral pharyngitis. Most pharyngitis is due to viruses (up to 90% in the adult population) and does not require treatment with antibiotics. For this reason it is important to utilize a sore throat score and diagnostic testin ...
WHAT WE HOST - Medicine at Michigan
WHAT WE HOST - Medicine at Michigan

... against many (harmful) organisms.” He’s referring in part to hospital-acquired infections that pose a serious health hazard, particularly to debilitated patients. There is vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE), for example, which can infect the urinary tract, wounds, or the bloodstream. Perhaps mo ...
International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene
International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene

... passed from one person to another if hygiene or handwashing habits are inadequate. This is particularly likely amongst toddlers who are not toilet trained. Family members and playmates of these children are at high risk of becoming infected. Person to person spread from a case via close contact usua ...
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology A systematic review
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology A systematic review

... is essential for the development of both innate and adaptive immune responses (Iwasaki and Medzhitov, 2004; Kohlmeier and Woodland, 2009). Their last important function is synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukins (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF al ...
Laboratory Testing for Mumps
Laboratory Testing for Mumps

... Laboratory Testing for Mumps Background: Mumps is an acute infectious disease spread by respiratory droplets and contact with saliva or fomites from an infected person. Parotitis, either unilateral or bilateral, is a common manifestation, although up to 30% of infections can be subclinical. While im ...
Zeh staph locker room infection ver2
Zeh staph locker room infection ver2

...  Pneumonia and meningitis. ...
Unit 4 - eduBuzz.org
Unit 4 - eduBuzz.org

... visit Earth, and that we could communicate with it, we might ask what it thought of the place. If we enquired about what it considered to be the dominant life-form, we might be surprised at the answer because it has been estimated that 90% of the energy processed by organisms on the planet is done s ...
SQA CfE Higher Human Biology Unit 4: Immunology and Public Health
SQA CfE Higher Human Biology Unit 4: Immunology and Public Health

... visit Earth, and that we could communicate with it, we might ask what it thought of the place. If we enquired about what it considered to be the dominant life-form, we might be surprised at the answer because it has been estimated that 90% of the energy processed by organisms on the planet is done s ...
Strategies for Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship
Strategies for Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship

... A surrogate marker often used by antimicrobial stewardship programs to predict the avoidable impact on community resistance profiles. ...
I Am A Pathogen
I Am A Pathogen

... index card that indicates that they will be acting as pathogens. When they are asked to enter the room, they will pick up a balloon and will be analogous to a pathogen entering the body. The pathogen entering the body indicates that it was able get past the body’s first line of defense. 5. Each inde ...
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

... Unusual bacteria affecting the conjunctiva include Moraxella lacunata, which causes indolent or subacute infections (often in outbreaks where spread is by fomites or unwashed hands), and H. aegyptius, more common in tropical climates: this causes an aggressive infection and may also spread by the dr ...
here - Center for Health Security
here - Center for Health Security

... results (e.g., serology); some use analysis of samples routinely collected by sentinel clinicians; some derive data from routine computer-based searches of patient or public health records; and some use media reports of disease outbreaks.† ...
Legionella Policy - University of Portsmouth
Legionella Policy - University of Portsmouth

... Legionella bacteria cause legionellosis, a group of diseases that is usually contracted via the inhalation of aerosol droplets of water contaminated with legionella bacteria. The most serious disease is Legionnaires Disease and is a severe form of pneumonia and can be fatal to particular groups of p ...
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Transmission (medicine)

In medicine and biology, transmission is the passing of a communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected.The term usually refers to the transmission of microorganisms directly from one individual to another by one or more of the following means: droplet contact – coughing or sneezing on another individual direct physical contact – touching an infected individual, including sexual contact indirect physical contact – usually by touching soil contamination or a contaminated surface (fomite) airborne transmission – if the microorganism can remain in the air for long periods fecal-oral transmission – usually from unwashed hands, contaminated food or water sources due to lack of sanitation and hygiene, an important transmission route in pediatrics, veterinary medicine and developing countries.Transmission can also be indirect, via another organism, either a vector (e.g. a mosquito or fly) or an intermediate host (e.g. tapeworm in pigs can be transmitted to humans who ingest improperly cooked pork). Indirect transmission could involve zoonoses or, more typically, larger pathogens like macroparasites with more complex life cycles.
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