Artificial Immune Systems - Spletna učilnica FRI 16/17
... for the development of novel computer systems. Unlike some other bio-inspired techniques, such as genetic algorithms and neural networks, the field of AIS encompasses a spectrum of algorithms that exist because different algorithms implement different properties of different cells. All AIS algorithm ...
... for the development of novel computer systems. Unlike some other bio-inspired techniques, such as genetic algorithms and neural networks, the field of AIS encompasses a spectrum of algorithms that exist because different algorithms implement different properties of different cells. All AIS algorithm ...
God-given Natural Healing Power Immune cells in your Body!
... When a macrophage ingests a pathogen, the pathogen becomes trapped in a phagosome, which then fuses with a lysosome. Within the phagolysosome, enzymes and toxic peroxides digest the pathogen. ...
... When a macrophage ingests a pathogen, the pathogen becomes trapped in a phagosome, which then fuses with a lysosome. Within the phagolysosome, enzymes and toxic peroxides digest the pathogen. ...
cells and organs of immune system - Micro-Rao
... The reticuloendothelial system mainly comprise of phagocytic cells whose function is to engulf microbes, immune complex from blood and tissues and participate in inflammation. This way they contribute to non-specific immunity. These cells also participate in specific immunity by way of antigen prese ...
... The reticuloendothelial system mainly comprise of phagocytic cells whose function is to engulf microbes, immune complex from blood and tissues and participate in inflammation. This way they contribute to non-specific immunity. These cells also participate in specific immunity by way of antigen prese ...
Immune System - Biology Junction
... Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Optimisation and parallelisation strategies for Monte Carlo simulation of HIV Infection
... The immune response is the natural defense of the body against foreign substances and cells that invade, causing minor infections or major diseases. From antigen infection to elimination, the immune response is a complicated process that involves the interactions of a variety of immune cells (Macrop ...
... The immune response is the natural defense of the body against foreign substances and cells that invade, causing minor infections or major diseases. From antigen infection to elimination, the immune response is a complicated process that involves the interactions of a variety of immune cells (Macrop ...
Intratumoral Immunization: A New Paradigm for Cancer Therapy
... cells from both myeloid and lymphoid lineages that infiltrate the tumor microenvironment, such as tumorassociated macrophages (TAM), plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells (pDC and mDC), CD4þ and CD8þ T cells, regulatory T cells (Treg), natural killer (NK) cells, and B cells (Table 1). The pattern ...
... cells from both myeloid and lymphoid lineages that infiltrate the tumor microenvironment, such as tumorassociated macrophages (TAM), plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells (pDC and mDC), CD4þ and CD8þ T cells, regulatory T cells (Treg), natural killer (NK) cells, and B cells (Table 1). The pattern ...
Rad52 deficiency decreases development of lung
... in cytokine secretions and inflammatory responses which permit cancer cells to evade surveillance and elimination by the host immune system, ultimately favoring the malignant transformation of normal epithelial cells [10, 11]. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of Rad52 activity on lung tu ...
... in cytokine secretions and inflammatory responses which permit cancer cells to evade surveillance and elimination by the host immune system, ultimately favoring the malignant transformation of normal epithelial cells [10, 11]. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of Rad52 activity on lung tu ...
Key Words: Heavy exercise, Red blood cells, Immune function
... three durations; 15, 30 or 45 min, the activities of red blood cell CR1 in healthy young males markedly decreased immediately and 3 hours post-exercise, and recovered 15 hours post-exercise. However, no distinct change in the rosette formation rate of red blood cell CR1 occurred immediately after a ...
... three durations; 15, 30 or 45 min, the activities of red blood cell CR1 in healthy young males markedly decreased immediately and 3 hours post-exercise, and recovered 15 hours post-exercise. However, no distinct change in the rosette formation rate of red blood cell CR1 occurred immediately after a ...
hybridoma technology for production of monoclonal antibodies
... Hybridomas are cells that have been engineered to produce a desired antibody in large amounts. To produce monoclonal antibodies, Bcells are removed from the spleen of an animal that has been challenged with the relevant antigen. These B-cells are then fused with myeloma tumor cells that can grow ind ...
... Hybridomas are cells that have been engineered to produce a desired antibody in large amounts. To produce monoclonal antibodies, Bcells are removed from the spleen of an animal that has been challenged with the relevant antigen. These B-cells are then fused with myeloma tumor cells that can grow ind ...
I Epitopes by Fibroblasts and Dendritic Cells Differential
... In the process of deriving epitope-specific CTL lines we were surprised to find that, after several rounds of stimulation on LCMVinfected MC57 fibroblasts, an LCMV-immune CTL line lost specificity for gp33 and np396 and became monospecific for gp276. To examine this in more detail LCMV-immune spleen ...
... In the process of deriving epitope-specific CTL lines we were surprised to find that, after several rounds of stimulation on LCMVinfected MC57 fibroblasts, an LCMV-immune CTL line lost specificity for gp33 and np396 and became monospecific for gp276. To examine this in more detail LCMV-immune spleen ...
Chlamydia
... genetic factors play an important role in modulating the immune defence mechanisms and thereby determining the pathogenesis of chlamydial diseases. However, the genetic basis underlying this phenomenon has remained unclear. Genes involved in the immune response appear ideal candidates for further st ...
... genetic factors play an important role in modulating the immune defence mechanisms and thereby determining the pathogenesis of chlamydial diseases. However, the genetic basis underlying this phenomenon has remained unclear. Genes involved in the immune response appear ideal candidates for further st ...
Systemically dispersed innate IL-13–expressing cells in type 2
... critically on production of the canonical type 2-associated cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 (1, 2). Although adaptive Th2 cells and follicular T cells are important sources of these cytokines (3), various innate cells, including eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells, have also been implicated as pr ...
... critically on production of the canonical type 2-associated cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 (1, 2). Although adaptive Th2 cells and follicular T cells are important sources of these cytokines (3), various innate cells, including eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells, have also been implicated as pr ...
Licentiate thesis from Department of Molecular Biosciences, The
... functions, such as facilitating opsonization of microbes, activating complement proteins or antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). In addition, some of the antibodies (such as IgA and IgM) can be transported to the extracellular side of the body including the lumen of the gut and resp ...
... functions, such as facilitating opsonization of microbes, activating complement proteins or antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). In addition, some of the antibodies (such as IgA and IgM) can be transported to the extracellular side of the body including the lumen of the gut and resp ...
Slide 1
... cytokines Lerner’s group found evidence of a subgroup of CFS patients with incomplete viral expression and cardiac motility abnormalities; subset of CFS with ...
... cytokines Lerner’s group found evidence of a subgroup of CFS patients with incomplete viral expression and cardiac motility abnormalities; subset of CFS with ...
Poster
... Understanding this peptide loading process is important for rational vaccine design, as vaccines should optimize the ability to load the class II MHC with pathogen-derived peptide fragments. ...
... Understanding this peptide loading process is important for rational vaccine design, as vaccines should optimize the ability to load the class II MHC with pathogen-derived peptide fragments. ...
B Lymphocytes Provide an Infection Niche for Intracellular Bacterium
... B cells has been demonstrated in vitro, their existence in vivo has been uncertain (reviewed in [10]). Interestingly, TGF-β1+ B cells appeared as early as 1 week after brucella infection and were present during the plateau phase of the infection [9]. Moreover, even macrophages (the primary niche) we ...
... B cells has been demonstrated in vitro, their existence in vivo has been uncertain (reviewed in [10]). Interestingly, TGF-β1+ B cells appeared as early as 1 week after brucella infection and were present during the plateau phase of the infection [9]. Moreover, even macrophages (the primary niche) we ...
The cutaneous citadel A holistic view of skin and immunity
... represent a population of lymphocytes selected for by their receptorsÕ speciÞcity for evolutionarily conserved antigens of common, skin commensal organisms. These evolutionarily conserved epitopes can be presented by Langerhans cells in the context of classical class I or II MHC or, if they are glyc ...
... represent a population of lymphocytes selected for by their receptorsÕ speciÞcity for evolutionarily conserved antigens of common, skin commensal organisms. These evolutionarily conserved epitopes can be presented by Langerhans cells in the context of classical class I or II MHC or, if they are glyc ...
The immundefence
... spread all over the body which all collaborate in a well-orchestred manner to efficiently recognize, control and dispose of foreign matters whenever such gain accesses into the body. 1.1 Innate and adaptive The immune system can be divided into innate and adaptive immunity. The innate immunity exist ...
... spread all over the body which all collaborate in a well-orchestred manner to efficiently recognize, control and dispose of foreign matters whenever such gain accesses into the body. 1.1 Innate and adaptive The immune system can be divided into innate and adaptive immunity. The innate immunity exist ...
Immune system
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer.Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system.