Gut Microbiota_ The Conductor in the Orchestra of Immune
... glycosphingolipid that inhibits natural killer T-cell proliferation in the colonic lamina propria.52 B fragilis polysaccharide A, conversely, interacts with the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 on DCs to induce colonic regulatory T cells (Tregs).53 Colonic Tregs have been demonstrated to also be induced b ...
... glycosphingolipid that inhibits natural killer T-cell proliferation in the colonic lamina propria.52 B fragilis polysaccharide A, conversely, interacts with the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 on DCs to induce colonic regulatory T cells (Tregs).53 Colonic Tregs have been demonstrated to also be induced b ...
Document
... The purpose of the presentation is to provide an update of the business of Prima BioMed Ltd ACN 009 237 889 (ASX:PRR; NASDAQ:PBMD; Deutsche Börse:YP1B.DE). These slides have been prepared as a presentation aid only and the information they contain may require further explanation and/or clarification ...
... The purpose of the presentation is to provide an update of the business of Prima BioMed Ltd ACN 009 237 889 (ASX:PRR; NASDAQ:PBMD; Deutsche Börse:YP1B.DE). These slides have been prepared as a presentation aid only and the information they contain may require further explanation and/or clarification ...
Induction of tolerance in autoimmune diseases by hematopoietic
... macrophages) to break peripheral tolerance. T-cell–mediated immunity, known as adaptive immunity, is an evolutionary development of vertebrates.55 Adaptive immunity involves the rearrangement of a limited number of germ line genes to produce a highly diversified repertoire of approximately 1014 to 1 ...
... macrophages) to break peripheral tolerance. T-cell–mediated immunity, known as adaptive immunity, is an evolutionary development of vertebrates.55 Adaptive immunity involves the rearrangement of a limited number of germ line genes to produce a highly diversified repertoire of approximately 1014 to 1 ...
Examples of Supervisors and Research Projects (Wellcome)
... Using the transcriptome of infant EPI vaccines to predict correlates of protection iNKT cell immunotherapy for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and B cell lymphomas Tuning of immune reactivity by endogenous retroviruses: mechanisms and consequences Immunity to TB infection: correlates of res ...
... Using the transcriptome of infant EPI vaccines to predict correlates of protection iNKT cell immunotherapy for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and B cell lymphomas Tuning of immune reactivity by endogenous retroviruses: mechanisms and consequences Immunity to TB infection: correlates of res ...
as a PDF
... sentinels for innate immune detection of pathogenic infections, by recognizing various conserved molecular motifs termed “pathogen-associated molecular patterns” (PAMPs) [3]. PRRs activate production of various cytokines and chemokines, allowing adaptation of the host environment for mounting an ide ...
... sentinels for innate immune detection of pathogenic infections, by recognizing various conserved molecular motifs termed “pathogen-associated molecular patterns” (PAMPs) [3]. PRRs activate production of various cytokines and chemokines, allowing adaptation of the host environment for mounting an ide ...
Apoptotic Debris Accumulates on Hematopoietic Cells and
... elevated levels of apoptotic debris and immune complexes (ICs) and their decreased clearance in SLE (3). Defects in opsonins such as mannose binding protein, complement components, and C-reactive protein reduce the clearance of apoptotic debris (4), and deficiency in DNase or RNase leads to poor lys ...
... elevated levels of apoptotic debris and immune complexes (ICs) and their decreased clearance in SLE (3). Defects in opsonins such as mannose binding protein, complement components, and C-reactive protein reduce the clearance of apoptotic debris (4), and deficiency in DNase or RNase leads to poor lys ...
A Study of the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein
... effectively treat EHF. The main Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) is the only viral protein found on the surface of the Ebola virion and is therefore responsible for mediating attachment and entry of the virus into host cells. However, expression of GP independently of other viral proteins induces drama ...
... effectively treat EHF. The main Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) is the only viral protein found on the surface of the Ebola virion and is therefore responsible for mediating attachment and entry of the virus into host cells. However, expression of GP independently of other viral proteins induces drama ...
Here - European Macrophage and Dendritic Cell Society
... Leishmania-infected macrophages are resistant to NK cell cytotoxicity, but susceptible to NK cell-derived activating cytokines Ulrike Schleicher (Germany) ...
... Leishmania-infected macrophages are resistant to NK cell cytotoxicity, but susceptible to NK cell-derived activating cytokines Ulrike Schleicher (Germany) ...
Liver immunology and its role in inflammation and
... endotoxin) in the liver (Figure 2). Pattern recognition receptors (PRR) expressed by hepatocytes and liver-resident macrophages (known as Kupffer cells (KC)), bind to microbial associated molecular patterns (MAMP)7,8 and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP),9 which are present in high quantit ...
... endotoxin) in the liver (Figure 2). Pattern recognition receptors (PRR) expressed by hepatocytes and liver-resident macrophages (known as Kupffer cells (KC)), bind to microbial associated molecular patterns (MAMP)7,8 and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP),9 which are present in high quantit ...
Absence of cellular responses to a putative autoantigen in
... in onchocerciasis. First, the epidemiologic relationship between chorioretinopathy and ocular and dermal micronlarial burdens is equivocal,17"20 unlike other ocular lesions for which clear associations have been demonstrated.17"21 Second, chorioretinopathy, unlike other ocular conditions, tends to d ...
... in onchocerciasis. First, the epidemiologic relationship between chorioretinopathy and ocular and dermal micronlarial burdens is equivocal,17"20 unlike other ocular lesions for which clear associations have been demonstrated.17"21 Second, chorioretinopathy, unlike other ocular conditions, tends to d ...
Lung interstitial macrophages alter dendritic Research article
... responses to concomitantly inhaled antigens (11). However, only a small fraction of people exposed to environmental LPS suffer from atopic asthma, indicating that protective mechanisms exist that can counteract the pro-Th2 effects of LPS. We postulated that IMs, which are found in the vicinity of lu ...
... responses to concomitantly inhaled antigens (11). However, only a small fraction of people exposed to environmental LPS suffer from atopic asthma, indicating that protective mechanisms exist that can counteract the pro-Th2 effects of LPS. We postulated that IMs, which are found in the vicinity of lu ...
Influenza prevention and treatment by passive immunization
... Antibodies (Abs) are glycoproteins produced by activated B cells. They are able to bind toxic and antigenic proteins of pathogens. Some Abs can directly neutralize pathogens and/or they can evoke a potent antibodydependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) ...
... Antibodies (Abs) are glycoproteins produced by activated B cells. They are able to bind toxic and antigenic proteins of pathogens. Some Abs can directly neutralize pathogens and/or they can evoke a potent antibodydependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) ...
Protists - OpenStax CNX
... Protists reproduce by a variety of mechanisms. Most are capable some form of asexual reproduction, such as binary ssion to produce two daughter cells, or multiple ssion to divide simultaneously into many daughter cells. Others produce tiny buds that go on to divide and grow to the size of the pare ...
... Protists reproduce by a variety of mechanisms. Most are capable some form of asexual reproduction, such as binary ssion to produce two daughter cells, or multiple ssion to divide simultaneously into many daughter cells. Others produce tiny buds that go on to divide and grow to the size of the pare ...
Software Modeling of the Complement System and its role in
... performance of each one of them in their fight against an attack by bacteria. Another important objective of this software implementation is to create a working computer model capable of simulating beneficial innate defense functions carried out by the complement pathways, namely chemotactic attract ...
... performance of each one of them in their fight against an attack by bacteria. Another important objective of this software implementation is to create a working computer model capable of simulating beneficial innate defense functions carried out by the complement pathways, namely chemotactic attract ...
New Technologies in Vaccines (continued)
... The foreign proteins are called antigens. Several different types of white blood cells work together to eliminate these antigens. White blood cells recognize surface proteins on disease agents as antigens because they are different from their own body’s proteins. Some types of white blood cells, suc ...
... The foreign proteins are called antigens. Several different types of white blood cells work together to eliminate these antigens. White blood cells recognize surface proteins on disease agents as antigens because they are different from their own body’s proteins. Some types of white blood cells, suc ...
Follicles in Hypertrophied Tonsils
... increased release of potent proinflammatory mediators, such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8 and other cytokines are responsible for both the local and systemic inflammatory processes elicited by the presence of upper airway obstruction. These cytokines will result in the recruitment of lymphocytes and macr ...
... increased release of potent proinflammatory mediators, such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8 and other cytokines are responsible for both the local and systemic inflammatory processes elicited by the presence of upper airway obstruction. These cytokines will result in the recruitment of lymphocytes and macr ...
aplastic anemia - MEDICINE DEPARTMENT of MMC
... • White blood cells. Because they’re so short-lived, white blood cells can’t be easily transfused. While there’s generally no limit to the number of blood cell transfusions you can have, complications can sometimes arise with multiple transfusions. Transfused red blood cells contain iron that can ac ...
... • White blood cells. Because they’re so short-lived, white blood cells can’t be easily transfused. While there’s generally no limit to the number of blood cell transfusions you can have, complications can sometimes arise with multiple transfusions. Transfused red blood cells contain iron that can ac ...
Immunology taught by bacteria.
... evolved a mechanism to evade it. In urging immunologists to study viruses, Zinkernagel echoed Janeway's prior assertion that progress in immunology “will require a rediscovery of microbiology by immunologists” [3]. Certainly, the ensuing two decades of work in innate immunity, including the discover ...
... evolved a mechanism to evade it. In urging immunologists to study viruses, Zinkernagel echoed Janeway's prior assertion that progress in immunology “will require a rediscovery of microbiology by immunologists” [3]. Certainly, the ensuing two decades of work in innate immunity, including the discover ...
Complement-mediated “bystander” damage initiates host NLRP3
... IL-18. To study the effect of phagocytosis on inflammasome activation by macrophages, a variety of complement activating particles were added to LPS-primed murine macrophages, and the release of IL-1β was measured in supernatants following phagocytosis. Zymosan is a potent activator of the alternati ...
... IL-18. To study the effect of phagocytosis on inflammasome activation by macrophages, a variety of complement activating particles were added to LPS-primed murine macrophages, and the release of IL-1β was measured in supernatants following phagocytosis. Zymosan is a potent activator of the alternati ...
Distinct NKT Cell Subsets Are Induced by Different Chlamydia
... these cells can rapidly secrete large amounts of IFN-␥ and/or IL-4 upon activation, by interaction with the appropriate CD1d1/Ag complex (2). These two cytokines are important for the regulation of type 1 and type 2 T cell responses, respectively (3, 4), thus, NKT cells are believed to be able to mo ...
... these cells can rapidly secrete large amounts of IFN-␥ and/or IL-4 upon activation, by interaction with the appropriate CD1d1/Ag complex (2). These two cytokines are important for the regulation of type 1 and type 2 T cell responses, respectively (3, 4), thus, NKT cells are believed to be able to mo ...
O-Linked Glycoproteins - Sigma
... Mucin secretion by salivary glands provides lubrication for swallowing. Mucins also block infection by pathogens by presenting a wall of O-linked glycans to attract and bind bacterial carbohydrate binding receptors. Many bacterial pathogens express adhesins, carbohydraterecognition proteins specific ...
... Mucin secretion by salivary glands provides lubrication for swallowing. Mucins also block infection by pathogens by presenting a wall of O-linked glycans to attract and bind bacterial carbohydrate binding receptors. Many bacterial pathogens express adhesins, carbohydraterecognition proteins specific ...
CD8 -Mediated Survival and Differentiation of CD8 Memory T Cell
... cells disappeared with virus clearance (Fig. 2A, days 14 and 40) (17). As was the case in vitro, activated LCMV-specific splenocytes that had induced surface CD8␣␣ expression also expressed high levels of Bcl-xL (Fig. 2B), consistent with a selective survival advantage for these cells. In contrast t ...
... cells disappeared with virus clearance (Fig. 2A, days 14 and 40) (17). As was the case in vitro, activated LCMV-specific splenocytes that had induced surface CD8␣␣ expression also expressed high levels of Bcl-xL (Fig. 2B), consistent with a selective survival advantage for these cells. In contrast t ...
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - UC Irvine`s Department of Medicine
... Evaluate their risks for organ involvement dsDNA ab: renal and neurologic SSA/SSB ab: rashes, pregnancy risks APL ab: clotting RNP ab: may develop overlap diseases ...
... Evaluate their risks for organ involvement dsDNA ab: renal and neurologic SSA/SSB ab: rashes, pregnancy risks APL ab: clotting RNP ab: may develop overlap diseases ...
frans08efi - HLA Matchmaker
... towards which the patient has preformed antibodies. • Problem: it is impossible to determine all antibody specificities in highly sensitized patients ...
... towards which the patient has preformed antibodies. • Problem: it is impossible to determine all antibody specificities in highly sensitized patients ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.