dependent regulation of intestinal immunity and homeostasis
... The intestinal immune system is held in a tightly regulated balance between immune activation in response to potential pathogens and the maintenance of tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as food and commensal flora. Disruption of this balance can lead to the development of serious inflammatory di ...
... The intestinal immune system is held in a tightly regulated balance between immune activation in response to potential pathogens and the maintenance of tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as food and commensal flora. Disruption of this balance can lead to the development of serious inflammatory di ...
HIC1 links retinoic acid signalling to group 3 innate
... The intestinal immune system is held in a tightly regulated balance between immune activation in response to potential pathogens and the maintenance of tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as food and commensal flora. Disruption of this balance can lead to the development of serious inflammatory di ...
... The intestinal immune system is held in a tightly regulated balance between immune activation in response to potential pathogens and the maintenance of tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as food and commensal flora. Disruption of this balance can lead to the development of serious inflammatory di ...
Gene expression profile predicting the response to anti
... Abstract: Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) antibodies therapy is a new choice for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, not all patients show favorable response to anti-TNF therapy. Our aim of this study is to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that could predict ...
... Abstract: Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) antibodies therapy is a new choice for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, not all patients show favorable response to anti-TNF therapy. Our aim of this study is to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that could predict ...
Project Report Tuba Turul, Young Investigators Award
... which is normally associated with multiple cytokine receptors. The autosomal recessive forms can be caused by a mutation in the JAK3 gene, which encodes a signalling molecule associated with the common gamma chain (TB+NK-), or by mutations in the IL7RA gene, XLF or CD3D gene which only results in ab ...
... which is normally associated with multiple cytokine receptors. The autosomal recessive forms can be caused by a mutation in the JAK3 gene, which encodes a signalling molecule associated with the common gamma chain (TB+NK-), or by mutations in the IL7RA gene, XLF or CD3D gene which only results in ab ...
Apoptosis: Molecular Mechanisms
... and Fas ligand, cell surface molecules belonging to the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family, are implicated in downregulation of the immune reaction as well as T cellmediated cytotoxicity. Malfunction of the Fas system contributes to lymphoproliferative disorders and autoimmune disease. Apoptosis is ...
... and Fas ligand, cell surface molecules belonging to the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family, are implicated in downregulation of the immune reaction as well as T cellmediated cytotoxicity. Malfunction of the Fas system contributes to lymphoproliferative disorders and autoimmune disease. Apoptosis is ...
If you Google Auto-Immune disease, you`ll find that it is a process
... I believe we serve a sovereign God and he has ordained everyone for distinct purposes. One of mine is to share hope to those who are at the ‘end of their rope’. Those suffering from autoimmune disorders seem to be the outcast of the medical community since they have no real answers to offer them. If ...
... I believe we serve a sovereign God and he has ordained everyone for distinct purposes. One of mine is to share hope to those who are at the ‘end of their rope’. Those suffering from autoimmune disorders seem to be the outcast of the medical community since they have no real answers to offer them. If ...
The immune responses of the coral
... recognition receptors (PRRs) to initiate an immune response. These receptors, which appear to be highly conserved across the animal kingdom, are complex proteins that bind to highly conserved cell wall structures from foreign entities collectively known as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMP ...
... recognition receptors (PRRs) to initiate an immune response. These receptors, which appear to be highly conserved across the animal kingdom, are complex proteins that bind to highly conserved cell wall structures from foreign entities collectively known as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMP ...
Relevance of granulocyte apoptosis to resolution of
... to combat helminthic infection. Increasingly, new roles for eosinophils are being identified and it seems likely that they have a role in combating viral infection as eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin have been shown to degrade single-stranded RNA viruses. They are said t ...
... to combat helminthic infection. Increasingly, new roles for eosinophils are being identified and it seems likely that they have a role in combating viral infection as eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin have been shown to degrade single-stranded RNA viruses. They are said t ...
The Lymphatic System
... network of tissues, organs and vessels that help to maintain the body’s fluid balance & protect it from pathogens lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, etc without it neither the circulatory system nor the immune system would function can be thought of as an accessory to the circu ...
... network of tissues, organs and vessels that help to maintain the body’s fluid balance & protect it from pathogens lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, etc without it neither the circulatory system nor the immune system would function can be thought of as an accessory to the circu ...
cross-talk between human nk cells and macrophages
... cytotoxic activity towards tumor cells. Furthermore, having determined a functional correlation between M1-derived IL-1β and NKp44 expression, we propose new effects of IL-1β on NK cell biology. Finally, we demonstrate that IFN-γ provided by activated NK cells is sufficient to partially revert the a ...
... cytotoxic activity towards tumor cells. Furthermore, having determined a functional correlation between M1-derived IL-1β and NKp44 expression, we propose new effects of IL-1β on NK cell biology. Finally, we demonstrate that IFN-γ provided by activated NK cells is sufficient to partially revert the a ...
System Protective Immunity in the Central Nervous and IL
... CD4⫹CD25⫹ are natural suppressor T cells (12, 13). Their absence enhances the development of T cell-mediated autoimmunity, whereas their adoptive transfer suppresses these diseases (24, 25). We have previously shown that during inflammatory autoimmune diseases the immune system mounts a beneficial a ...
... CD4⫹CD25⫹ are natural suppressor T cells (12, 13). Their absence enhances the development of T cell-mediated autoimmunity, whereas their adoptive transfer suppresses these diseases (24, 25). We have previously shown that during inflammatory autoimmune diseases the immune system mounts a beneficial a ...
Current Progress in Non-Invasive Imaging of Beta Cell Mass of the
... child who died at presentation was able to cause diabetic activity in various mouse strains. Coxsackievirus B4 infection may induce beta cell destruction by neoantigen production, initiating an autoimmune reaction [11]. It has been shown that GAD65 and coxsackievirus antigen share a similar sequence ...
... child who died at presentation was able to cause diabetic activity in various mouse strains. Coxsackievirus B4 infection may induce beta cell destruction by neoantigen production, initiating an autoimmune reaction [11]. It has been shown that GAD65 and coxsackievirus antigen share a similar sequence ...
among HLA-G, myeloid APCs, and regulatory cells
... inflammatory diseases.12 In liver-transplanted patients, the presence of HLA-G–expressing myeloid DCs correlated with tolerance and graft acceptance.41 In cancer, myeloid APCs expressing HLA-G were detected within breast, lung, and ovarian carcinoma lesions as well as in melanoma, and often correlat ...
... inflammatory diseases.12 In liver-transplanted patients, the presence of HLA-G–expressing myeloid DCs correlated with tolerance and graft acceptance.41 In cancer, myeloid APCs expressing HLA-G were detected within breast, lung, and ovarian carcinoma lesions as well as in melanoma, and often correlat ...
full text pdf
... role in the homeostasis of the innate immune system. Moreover, the uncontrolled production and release of these cytokines is linked to various inflammatory conditions [6], suggesting that inflammasomes are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of inflammation-related disorders [7]. A varie ...
... role in the homeostasis of the innate immune system. Moreover, the uncontrolled production and release of these cytokines is linked to various inflammatory conditions [6], suggesting that inflammasomes are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of inflammation-related disorders [7]. A varie ...
Eliminating latent tuberculosis - Institute of Infectious Disease and
... exist in an asymptomatic ‘latent’ form that is defined not by the identification of bacteria, but by the host immune response in the form of reactivity to tuberculosis proteins in the tuberculin skin test. It seems likely that clinically defined latent tuberculosis actually represents a spectrum tha ...
... exist in an asymptomatic ‘latent’ form that is defined not by the identification of bacteria, but by the host immune response in the form of reactivity to tuberculosis proteins in the tuberculin skin test. It seems likely that clinically defined latent tuberculosis actually represents a spectrum tha ...
Cross-reactivity of anti-human cytokine monoclonal
... Cytokines released from different cells activate an entire network of interactions between cells and occupy a strategic position in the development of immune responses. Among the numerous physiologic roles played by cytokines are the development of cellular and humoral immune responses, induction of ...
... Cytokines released from different cells activate an entire network of interactions between cells and occupy a strategic position in the development of immune responses. Among the numerous physiologic roles played by cytokines are the development of cellular and humoral immune responses, induction of ...
Pericytes: brain-immune interface modulators
... Pericytes are smooth muscle-derived cells that play a crucial role in keeping brain homeostasis given their presence at the blood-brain barrier and particularly their active role in what is known as the neurovascular unit (Zlokovic, 2008; Gómez-González et al., 2012). In 1874, Charles Marie Benjamin ...
... Pericytes are smooth muscle-derived cells that play a crucial role in keeping brain homeostasis given their presence at the blood-brain barrier and particularly their active role in what is known as the neurovascular unit (Zlokovic, 2008; Gómez-González et al., 2012). In 1874, Charles Marie Benjamin ...
Medical Veterinary Entomology
... Oestrus ovis adult females deposit first-stage larvae (L1) directly on or into the nostrils of sheep and goats. The larvae quickly colonize the nasal cavities, nasal septum, turbinates and ethmoid bone. Thereafter, L1s moult to the second stage (L2) and migrate to the frontal sinus horn cavities. La ...
... Oestrus ovis adult females deposit first-stage larvae (L1) directly on or into the nostrils of sheep and goats. The larvae quickly colonize the nasal cavities, nasal septum, turbinates and ethmoid bone. Thereafter, L1s moult to the second stage (L2) and migrate to the frontal sinus horn cavities. La ...
Contrasting adaptive immune defenses and blood
... To determine the time course of the primary antibody response, we took blood samples at 9, 12, and 15 days after injection. In all experiments we took approximately 50–100 l of blood per sampling, which falls within the American Ornithologists’ Union guidelines of not more than 2% of the body weigh ...
... To determine the time course of the primary antibody response, we took blood samples at 9, 12, and 15 days after injection. In all experiments we took approximately 50–100 l of blood per sampling, which falls within the American Ornithologists’ Union guidelines of not more than 2% of the body weigh ...
study of the human humoral immune response against rotavirus
... Two RV vaccines are commercially available and recommended for infants worldwide by the WHO [5]: RotarixTM (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals) and RotaTeqTM (Merk and Co. Inc.). Nonetheless, both vaccines are less efficacious (39% to 77%) in some low-income countries in Africa and Asia [6], where 85% of w ...
... Two RV vaccines are commercially available and recommended for infants worldwide by the WHO [5]: RotarixTM (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals) and RotaTeqTM (Merk and Co. Inc.). Nonetheless, both vaccines are less efficacious (39% to 77%) in some low-income countries in Africa and Asia [6], where 85% of w ...
Complement and its role in innate and adaptive immune
... confined to appropriate pathogenic surfaces, and generation of potent effectors needs to be tightly regulated to prevent collateral damage to healthy host tissues. Therefore, many steps involved in complement activation are checked by inhibitors so that the final system represents an intricate, home ...
... confined to appropriate pathogenic surfaces, and generation of potent effectors needs to be tightly regulated to prevent collateral damage to healthy host tissues. Therefore, many steps involved in complement activation are checked by inhibitors so that the final system represents an intricate, home ...
Inflammasome activation in human and mouse macrophages engulfing autophagic dying cells T (Ph.D.)
... Since mid-1960s, cell death subroutines have been mostly classified based on morphological features [2]. Morphological appearance of cells can give an idea about cell death type such as apoptotic, necrotic, autophagic or associated with mitosis [3]. Cell death modalities can be classified also by co ...
... Since mid-1960s, cell death subroutines have been mostly classified based on morphological features [2]. Morphological appearance of cells can give an idea about cell death type such as apoptotic, necrotic, autophagic or associated with mitosis [3]. Cell death modalities can be classified also by co ...
department of molecular biology and immunology
... and diseases caused by known pathogens have reestablished themselves. Many of these infections result in life-threatening diseases. To complicate matters, many of these infectious agents have developed resistance to antibiotics routinely used in treatments. Thus, prevention and treatment of these in ...
... and diseases caused by known pathogens have reestablished themselves. Many of these infections result in life-threatening diseases. To complicate matters, many of these infectious agents have developed resistance to antibiotics routinely used in treatments. Thus, prevention and treatment of these in ...
Inflammation and oxidative stress in vertebrate host–parasite systems
... effects, such as enzymes, lytic peptides, as well as highly reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS; Fang 2004; Swindle & Metcalfe 2007). In addition, and besides their cytotoxicity, at a low dose, ROS and especially nitric oxide (NO) also play a regulatory role as modulators of cellular c ...
... effects, such as enzymes, lytic peptides, as well as highly reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS; Fang 2004; Swindle & Metcalfe 2007). In addition, and besides their cytotoxicity, at a low dose, ROS and especially nitric oxide (NO) also play a regulatory role as modulators of cellular c ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.