The Immune System
... • The binding of a lymphocyte to an antigen induces the lymphocyte to divide rapidlyclonal selection • Two types of clones are produced: short-lived activated effector cells and long-lived memory cells Primary vs Secondary immune response • The first exposure to a specific antigen represents the pri ...
... • The binding of a lymphocyte to an antigen induces the lymphocyte to divide rapidlyclonal selection • Two types of clones are produced: short-lived activated effector cells and long-lived memory cells Primary vs Secondary immune response • The first exposure to a specific antigen represents the pri ...
Types II and III: Antibody-Mediated and Antigen
... Goodpasture syndrome is a rare disease that can involve rapidly progressive kidney failure along with lung disease. However, some forms of the disease involve just the lung or kidney, not both. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Goodpasture syndrome is an autoimmune disorder, a condition that occur ...
... Goodpasture syndrome is a rare disease that can involve rapidly progressive kidney failure along with lung disease. However, some forms of the disease involve just the lung or kidney, not both. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Goodpasture syndrome is an autoimmune disorder, a condition that occur ...
... • Antigenic stimulation in one part of MALT leads to immune response also in other compartments of MALT. • IgA is a predominant immunoglobulin secreted through the epitelial cells. • Oral administration of antigens frequently leads to induction of immune tolerance. • Intraepitelial lymphocytes - CD8 ...
The Specific/Adaptive Immune Response
... –Phagolysosome fuses with a vesicle containing MHCII molecules –Each fragment binds to the antigen-binding groove of a complementary MHCII molecule –The fused vesicle then inserts the MHCII-antigen complex into the cytoplasmic membrane so the antigen is presented on the outside of the cell Processin ...
... –Phagolysosome fuses with a vesicle containing MHCII molecules –Each fragment binds to the antigen-binding groove of a complementary MHCII molecule –The fused vesicle then inserts the MHCII-antigen complex into the cytoplasmic membrane so the antigen is presented on the outside of the cell Processin ...
03-390 Final – Fall 2013 Name:_____________________________ each
... activated T-cells to the transplanted tissue, recruitment and activation of macrophages by INFgamma. The major sensitization is presentation of human (self) peptides on the donor MHC. The peptide-MHC complex mimics a foreign peptide on host MHC. In addition, host MHC can present peptides from the do ...
... activated T-cells to the transplanted tissue, recruitment and activation of macrophages by INFgamma. The major sensitization is presentation of human (self) peptides on the donor MHC. The peptide-MHC complex mimics a foreign peptide on host MHC. In addition, host MHC can present peptides from the do ...
Self tolerance
... Antibodies may also contribute to the disease. About 80% of patients have serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) (and, less frequently, IgA) autoantibodies that bind to the Fc portions of their own (self ) IgG.. ...
... Antibodies may also contribute to the disease. About 80% of patients have serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) (and, less frequently, IgA) autoantibodies that bind to the Fc portions of their own (self ) IgG.. ...
Teaching Slides
... Humoral response: B cells Stimulated by an antigen-presenting macrophage (WBC w/ a germ on it) Activates Helper T cells T cells secrete cytokine chemicals that activate B cells B cells differentiate into memory B cells and antibody-producing plasma cells ...
... Humoral response: B cells Stimulated by an antigen-presenting macrophage (WBC w/ a germ on it) Activates Helper T cells T cells secrete cytokine chemicals that activate B cells B cells differentiate into memory B cells and antibody-producing plasma cells ...
Chapter 20-22 Lymphatic System
... neutrophils (1st to show up at sight – most numerous, form pus when they die), monocytes & macrophages – phagocytize (engulf) the pathogen e.) natural killer (NK) cells – grp of lymphocytes that kill different types of tumor cells & virus-infected cells f.) interferon – protein produced by cells aft ...
... neutrophils (1st to show up at sight – most numerous, form pus when they die), monocytes & macrophages – phagocytize (engulf) the pathogen e.) natural killer (NK) cells – grp of lymphocytes that kill different types of tumor cells & virus-infected cells f.) interferon – protein produced by cells aft ...
Immune System Information
... Helper T Cells B Cells Antibodies Killer T cells- can be thought of “assassins” that punch holes in invaders and destroy cell membranes of invaders. Helper T cells signal B Cells to make antibodies. B cells produce antibodies. Antibodies attach to invaders antigens and make it easier for the m ...
... Helper T Cells B Cells Antibodies Killer T cells- can be thought of “assassins” that punch holes in invaders and destroy cell membranes of invaders. Helper T cells signal B Cells to make antibodies. B cells produce antibodies. Antibodies attach to invaders antigens and make it easier for the m ...
BLADDER 1. Basal lamina 2. Cuboidal cell 3. Columnar cell 4. A
... B. Absorbing mostly water and salts ...
... B. Absorbing mostly water and salts ...
17 Specific Immune Response
... – Express CD4 proteins in their plasma membranes – Amplify the response of B-cells and other helper T-cells – Activated by binding to antigen • Once activated, the Helper T-cell secretes IL-2 • IL-2 is a cytokine that that acts on B-cells and other T-cells ...
... – Express CD4 proteins in their plasma membranes – Amplify the response of B-cells and other helper T-cells – Activated by binding to antigen • Once activated, the Helper T-cell secretes IL-2 • IL-2 is a cytokine that that acts on B-cells and other T-cells ...
Cytokine - Chemotaxis Group
... • Synery : combined effetc of two or more cytokines is higher than the simple summary of the individual effects • Antagonism : cytokines can block each other e.g. IL-4 and IFN-g. • Multifunctionality: (pluripotent , pleiotrope) several cytokines possess more, different effects on the diverse target ...
... • Synery : combined effetc of two or more cytokines is higher than the simple summary of the individual effects • Antagonism : cytokines can block each other e.g. IL-4 and IFN-g. • Multifunctionality: (pluripotent , pleiotrope) several cytokines possess more, different effects on the diverse target ...
Cytokine - Chemotaxis Group
... • Synery : combined effetc of two or more cytokines is higher than the simple summary of the individual effects • Antagonism : cytokines can block each other e.g. IL-4 and IFN-g. • Multifunctionality: (pluripotent , pleiotrope) several cytokines possess more, different effects on the diverse target ...
... • Synery : combined effetc of two or more cytokines is higher than the simple summary of the individual effects • Antagonism : cytokines can block each other e.g. IL-4 and IFN-g. • Multifunctionality: (pluripotent , pleiotrope) several cytokines possess more, different effects on the diverse target ...
Lymphatic System Structures
... Antibodies – disease-fighting proteins produced by the body in response to a specific antigen. ...
... Antibodies – disease-fighting proteins produced by the body in response to a specific antigen. ...
Introduction_to_the_Human_Immune_System
... B cells undergo somatic diversification of the immunoglobulin genes (somatic hypermuation) Lymphocytes differentiate to become effector cells: • B cells plasma cells • T cells cytotoxic T cells or helper T cells Activation induces changes in cell-adhesion molecules Cells execute their effector f ...
... B cells undergo somatic diversification of the immunoglobulin genes (somatic hypermuation) Lymphocytes differentiate to become effector cells: • B cells plasma cells • T cells cytotoxic T cells or helper T cells Activation induces changes in cell-adhesion molecules Cells execute their effector f ...
chapter 14 cell surface markers of t-cells, b-cells and
... TcR. The T-cell antigen receptor (TcR) is the principle defining marker of all T-cells. This molecule is used by the T-cell for specific recognition of MHC-associated peptide antigens, discussed in Chapter 12. Also associated with the TcR is a complex of proteins known as CD3, which participate in t ...
... TcR. The T-cell antigen receptor (TcR) is the principle defining marker of all T-cells. This molecule is used by the T-cell for specific recognition of MHC-associated peptide antigens, discussed in Chapter 12. Also associated with the TcR is a complex of proteins known as CD3, which participate in t ...
Altered Immune Responses - rivier.instructure.com.
... Cell- mediated Immunity • Cytokines – Immune response involves complex interactions of T-cells, B-cells, monocytes, and neutrophils - depends on Cytokines – Acts as messenger between the cell types – Instruct cells to alter their proliferation, differentiation, secretion, or activity – 60 different ...
... Cell- mediated Immunity • Cytokines – Immune response involves complex interactions of T-cells, B-cells, monocytes, and neutrophils - depends on Cytokines – Acts as messenger between the cell types – Instruct cells to alter their proliferation, differentiation, secretion, or activity – 60 different ...
Table of Contents - Milan Area Schools
... • There are two main groups of white blood cells: phagocytes and lymphocytes. • Phagocytes engulf and digest foreign materials. • Lymphocytes are most abundant. There are two types: B and T cells. • T cells migrate from the circulation to the thymus, where they mature. • B cells circulate and also c ...
... • There are two main groups of white blood cells: phagocytes and lymphocytes. • Phagocytes engulf and digest foreign materials. • Lymphocytes are most abundant. There are two types: B and T cells. • T cells migrate from the circulation to the thymus, where they mature. • B cells circulate and also c ...
13 The Lymphatic System and Immunity
... and transports them to the bloodstream, and helps defend the body against disease. The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic vessels, which are structurally similar to veins, and lymphatic organs. The primary lymphatic organs include the red bone marrow, which produces white blood cells and the thy ...
... and transports them to the bloodstream, and helps defend the body against disease. The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic vessels, which are structurally similar to veins, and lymphatic organs. The primary lymphatic organs include the red bone marrow, which produces white blood cells and the thy ...
B. Are the main cells involved in acute inflammation
... 9 Papain can digest the entire IgG into A two Fab fragment and one Fc fragment. A one Fab fragment and one Fc fragment. A two F(ab’)2 fragment and one Fc fragment. A one F(ab’) 2 fragment and pFc’. 10 C1q-binding site of IgM is located in A CH1 B CH2 C CH3 D CH4 11The most efficient Ig involved in t ...
... 9 Papain can digest the entire IgG into A two Fab fragment and one Fc fragment. A one Fab fragment and one Fc fragment. A two F(ab’)2 fragment and one Fc fragment. A one F(ab’) 2 fragment and pFc’. 10 C1q-binding site of IgM is located in A CH1 B CH2 C CH3 D CH4 11The most efficient Ig involved in t ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.