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VI- 7
VI- 7

... Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Aortic banding (AB) ...
Malnutrition, Vitamin Deficiencies, the Immune System and Infections
Malnutrition, Vitamin Deficiencies, the Immune System and Infections

Blood clotting - Liberty Hill High School
Blood clotting - Liberty Hill High School

... • Function is to protect against infection in various ways: How??? – Phagocytize bacterial/dead cells in the body – Produce proteins (antibodies) that destroy or disable foreign particles – Use chemicals to destroy pathogens or infected cells ...
histology of lymphoid organs lymphoid organs
histology of lymphoid organs lymphoid organs

... L mphoid stem cell Æ Pro B cell Æ Pre B Cell Æ Immature/naive B cells (Ig M)Æ mature B Cells (Ig M + Ig D) Æ blood stream & circulate Æ secondary lymphoid organ ...
Review Set Unit 2, Lesson 1 *The Immune System*
Review Set Unit 2, Lesson 1 *The Immune System*

... • The fungus Trichophyton is usually the cause of athlete’s foot. Sometimes people contract this disease after using public showers. Which of the following describes the method through which the disease is most often transmitted? • A. through the air • B. animal to person • C. from food or water • ...
Chapter 13 Antigen
Chapter 13 Antigen

... The chemical component , arrangement and conformation affect the specificity of antigen ...
cell
cell

Radioimmunoassay & Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Radioimmunoassay & Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

... • This achieved by binding the antibodies to the microtitre well surface [Solid phase RIA] • Antigens bound to the fixed antibodies remain stuck to the inner surface • Decanting & washing the well removes unbound antigens • Other techniques of separation: Centrifugation ...
ITUS Corp (Form: 8-K, Received: 12/07/2016 06:43:06)
ITUS Corp (Form: 8-K, Received: 12/07/2016 06:43:06)

... million women receive screening mammograms each year. Studies indicate that: for most women, mammograms miss approximately 20% of breast cancers; for women with dense breasts, which account for 40% to 50% of all women, mammograms miss as much as 50% of breast cancers; approximately 11% of all women ...
File
File

... It contains T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes for immunologic response The spleen is, like the lymph nodes, a discriminatory filter. Unlike the lymph nodes, the spleen is inserted into the blood stream. The spleen clears the blood of aged blood cells and foreign particles and is the site of immune rea ...
White Blood Cells
White Blood Cells

... • When a person has a blood test, in addition to RBC information, a “white blood cell count” can be ordered to report the total number of WBCs present. • A slightly more expensive test, but much more informative, is a “white blood cell count with differential”. This test will tell you the total numb ...
Chapter 1
Chapter 1

... has rare genetic, disease or drug induced diabetes. This thesis focusses on patients with an autoimmune attack on insulin producing beta-cells causing absolute insulin shortage; type 1 diabetes. This constitutes 10% of all patients with diabetes and is the most frequent cause of diabetes in children ...
The Virus! - Omaha Science Media Project
The Virus! - Omaha Science Media Project

... even
milder
for
adults.
 In
some
cases,
however,
the
virus
escapes
the
intesKnal
tract
to
cause
serious
disease.
In
children,
coxsackie
may
go
on
to
 produce
viral
meningiKs
and
it
has
been
proposed,
on
the
basis
of
epidemiological
evidence,
that
coxsackie
and
other
 enteroviruses
(such
as
ECHO)
may ...
2005 Scientific Summary - Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America
2005 Scientific Summary - Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America

... Although antibodies against the AChR (AChR autoantibodies) are responsible for the endplate damage seen in MG, some patients have antibodies against other parts of a muscle cell. The presence of antibodies directed against other elements of muscle may partly explain differences in disease severity a ...
The marriage of Medicine and Cell Biology….
The marriage of Medicine and Cell Biology….

... (Remains endemic in parts of Africa and Asia  continued need for vaccination.) ...
Mark Berry
Mark Berry

... scientific consensus enables us all to put the multiple sets of criteria and arguments over names behind us. Peterson’s short race through history began in the 1980s, with a series of outbreaks of disease; in the 80s and 90s, the focus was on fatigue, resulting in the definitions at that time. Since ...
Diapositive 1
Diapositive 1

... (complement fragments) or DAMPs  prod of pro-inflam cytokines by host cells. - Pro-inflam mediators  local vascular endothelium  ‘leaky’, attracts neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages  soluble (antibody) and cellular defences in the tissue ...
BLOOD CELLS - fizioms.ro
BLOOD CELLS - fizioms.ro

... liver and spleen, but some cells develop in the thymus, lymph nodes and red bone marrow. After birth most production is limited to red bone marrow in specific region, but some white blood cells are produced in the lymphoid tissue. All types of formed elements develop from a single multipotential cel ...
Immediate Hypersensitivity (Hypersensitivity type 1)
Immediate Hypersensitivity (Hypersensitivity type 1)

...  Typical allergens include proteins in pollen, house dust mites, animal dander, foods, and ...
Sub acute Bacterial Endocarditis Endocarditis
Sub acute Bacterial Endocarditis Endocarditis

... Biologic Therapy: Rituximab is a biologic protein chimeric monoclonal antibody drug that attacks the B- cells, which are the precursors to cells that make antibodies. This type of treatment is considered a form of passive immunotherapy. Responses to ritxumab reported in patients with relapsing or re ...
BOSY_DEFENCE__ARISTO_
BOSY_DEFENCE__ARISTO_

... – skin arterioles in the infected area dilates so that more blood flows to the area – the permeability of skin capillaries increases so that more phagocytes & fluid come into the infected tissues – the skin becomes red & swell up with pain (because of high pressure) ...
A Heartbeat Away Hybrid Patch Could Replace
A Heartbeat Away Hybrid Patch Could Replace

... grid, called the extracellular matrix, with the goal of implanting them in human patients. However, due to residual remnants of antigens such as sugar or other molecules, the human patients' immune cells are likely to attack the animal matrix. In order to address this immunogenic response, Dr. Dvir' ...
PDF - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
PDF - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

... study from the same group showed a protective effect on neointimal hyperplasia by immunization with Ox-LDL14 and it could be speculated that antibodies to this antigen may inhibit neointimal formation. However, the mechanism by which such protection might operate is unknown. One can envisage how ant ...
Guillain-Barré syndrome
Guillain-Barré syndrome

... control breathing. Equally, if the throat or face are affected, assisted feeding may be necessary.1 A common early symptom is pain that is often a backache, which occurs due to inflammation being localised to area of nerves as they leave the spinal canal. Guillain-Barré syndrome can improve in many ...
31_Immune responses to viruses BA
31_Immune responses to viruses BA

... 2. Killing by virus-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes – CD4+HIV+ targets 3. Syncytia formation – gp120 of infected T cells binds to uninfected T cells  fusion ...
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Cancer immunotherapy



Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.
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