• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
070600 The Immune System — First of Two Parts - ICB-USP
070600 The Immune System — First of Two Parts - ICB-USP

... acute-phase proteins, and cytokines such as the interferons. Acquired responses involve the proliferation of antigen-specific B and T cells, which occurs when the surface receptors of these cells bind to antigen. Specialized cells, called antigen-presenting cells, display the antigen to lymphocytes ...
A search for better health - The Bored of Studies Community
A search for better health - The Bored of Studies Community

... specific proteins that give a particular cell type its character, usually in un-speacilised cells (ie stem cells) which develops into a specific type of cell in response to specific triggers from the body or the cell itself. It then develops to a certain shape and produces only certain proteins so t ...
Blood and Lymphatics
Blood and Lymphatics

... causes formation of an antibody to fight against it ...
40-2 The Immune System
40-2 The Immune System

... makes white blood cells, which fight the infection. Blood vessels near the wound expand, and white blood cells move from the vessels to enter the infected tissues. Many are phagocytes, which engulf and destroy bacteria. The infected tissue may become swollen and painful. Slide 15 of 50 ARIF ULLAH - ...
Unit 5C Sero Immuno PowerPoint
Unit 5C Sero Immuno PowerPoint

... antigens – Good protection against bacteria, toxins, and circulating antigens ...
Leukocytes
Leukocytes

...  Are similar structurally, but are functionally distinct and unrelated cell types ...
T cells - UCLA.edu
T cells - UCLA.edu

... demonstrated by inherited immune deficiencies: people that do not have a thymus (DiGeorge’s syndrome, aka Thymic Aplasia) do not develop functional T cells. • DiGeorge’s syndrome results from a developmental defect – the failure of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches to develop, which results no ...
CHAPTER 16: LYMPHATIC SYSTEM, NONSPECIFIC RESISTANCE
CHAPTER 16: LYMPHATIC SYSTEM, NONSPECIFIC RESISTANCE

... ii. CD4 Helper T cells stimulate Antibody Mediated Immunity (AMI) and secrete cytokines (CMI). iii. The HIV virus cripples these cells. b. Memory T cells are produced upon initial exposure to an antigen. i. They allow for immediate response against subsequent exposure(s) to the same antigen. c. Cyto ...
HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS

... HIV is a retrovirus, which indicates that the virus carries RNA, not DNA. The virus needs to attach to a host cell, use its reverse transcriptase enzyme to transcribe the RNA into DNA, and then use the integrase enzyme to integrate the newly infected DNA into the host cell’s genetics. If the host ce ...
Review Article Bridging Innate and Adaptive Antitumor Immunity
Review Article Bridging Innate and Adaptive Antitumor Immunity

... distinguish between self- and nonself-antigens by the invariable cell-surface receptors such as C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). CLRs are adept at recognizing glycoproteins in general, while typical pattern recognition receptors, such as TLRs, detect various molecular p ...
Blood, Blood, and more Blood
Blood, Blood, and more Blood

... Every two seconds someone in the U.S. needs blood. More than 41,000 blood donations are needed every day. A total of 30 million blood components are transfused each year in the U.S. The average red blood cell transfusion is approximately 3 pints. The blood type most often requested by hospitals is T ...
070600 The Immune System
070600 The Immune System

... acute-phase proteins, and cytokines such as the interferons. Acquired responses involve the proliferation of antigen-specific B and T cells, which occurs when the surface receptors of these cells bind to antigen. Specialized cells, called antigen-presenting cells, display the antigen to lymphocytes ...
The Current Role of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
The Current Role of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

... cells, that mature in the bone marrow. They play a key role in the immune system, serving as protection against anything foreign entering the system. Immunoglobulins, which are also called antibodies, are produced in response to antigens (something foreign in the system). There are five types of imm ...
to download. - Legacy For Life
to download. - Legacy For Life

... [Method of Preventing, Countering or Reducing NSAIDInduced Gastrointestinal Damage by Administering Milk or Egg Products from Hyperimmunized Animals] states that ...
Increased CTLA-4+T cells and an increased ratio of monocytes with
Increased CTLA-4+T cells and an increased ratio of monocytes with

... of recurrence although none of these approaches are generally curative. New approaches to therapy are needed to improve overall survival in this group of patients. Immune dysregulation is an important contributing mechanism to the development of a variety of human cancers. Indeed, patients with comm ...
What Leukemia Is
What Leukemia Is

... Leukemia is a disease of the white blood cells. Each kind of leukemia involves a particular white blood cell and reflects the level of maturation of the cell. The blood cell involved mutates to become a cancer cell. This process of mutation is believed to be multistepped, occurring at several differ ...
The Immune System, part I - University of Washington
The Immune System, part I - University of Washington

... acute-phase proteins, and cytokines such as the interferons. Acquired responses involve the proliferation of antigen-specific B and T cells, which occurs when the surface receptors of these cells bind to antigen. Specialized cells, called antigen-presenting cells, display the antigen to lymphocytes ...
Commenatry case
Commenatry case

... • Four weeks before this presentation, at the end of the fifth cycle, diarrhea developed, and episodes increased in frequency to 10 to 12 liquid stools daily, each with an average volume of 250 ml; there was occasional nausea and vomiting, despite administration of loperamide hydrochlorideand ...
Platelets selectively recognize bacterial DNA independently of Toll
Platelets selectively recognize bacterial DNA independently of Toll

... Ø  In immune cells: major mechanism to discriminate pathogenic from self DNA is TLR 9 Ø  TLR 9 in platelets ...
Introduction Methods Results Conclusions References Hypothesis
Introduction Methods Results Conclusions References Hypothesis

Acute Kidney Injury and Systemic Inflammatory Response * an
Acute Kidney Injury and Systemic Inflammatory Response * an

... Introduction: Patients with AKI have markedly worse outcomes than otherwise matched controls. There is increasing evidence from animal models that leukocytes play a central role in the pathophysiology of AKI resulting in an inflammatory response (1, 2). We conducted a pilot study aiming to describe ...
Identification of blood cell types
Identification of blood cell types

... The presence or absence of the Rh factor on the surface of the red blood cells is also an important component of blood type. People with the Rh factor have a positive blood type, and people that lack the Rh factor have a negative blood type. An Rh-negative person will not form anti-Rh antibodies unl ...
Cells of the Immune Response
Cells of the Immune Response

... DiagrammaBc  cross  secBon  ofa  porBon  of  the  thymus,  showing  several  lobules  separated  by  connecBve  Bssue  strands   (trabeculae).  The  densely  populated  outer  cortex  contains  many  immature  thymocytes  (blue),  which  underg ...
Stem Cell Transplant - Diamond Blackfan Anemia Foundation, Inc.
Stem Cell Transplant - Diamond Blackfan Anemia Foundation, Inc.

... cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to all of the organs in the body. When the number of red blood cells is low, the organs in the body do not get the oxygen they need to function normally. A stem cell transplant can help restore the marrow’s ability to make red blood cells, and it is currently the ...
Medical and Surgical Asepsis - Faculty Sites
Medical and Surgical Asepsis - Faculty Sites

< 1 ... 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 ... 523 >

Cancer immunotherapy



Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report