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Toxoplasma gondii effectors are master regulators of the
... broadly conserved across microbial species (Box 1) (recently reviewed in [9]). IL-12 in turn activates NK and T cells to secrete interferon g (IFNg) [10]. The latter activates effector mechanisms for intracellular elimination of Toxoplasma, including the activation of interferon-regulated GTPases (I ...
... broadly conserved across microbial species (Box 1) (recently reviewed in [9]). IL-12 in turn activates NK and T cells to secrete interferon g (IFNg) [10]. The latter activates effector mechanisms for intracellular elimination of Toxoplasma, including the activation of interferon-regulated GTPases (I ...
Serologic Analysis of the IgG Antibody Response in
... in Germany. Initially, given as a single dose, this recommendation was modified in favor of a 2-dose regimen in Germany by 2009.1–3 In contrast to VZV wild-type infection, which typically confers lifelong immunity, breakthrough infections can occur months to years after VZV immunization and are caus ...
... in Germany. Initially, given as a single dose, this recommendation was modified in favor of a 2-dose regimen in Germany by 2009.1–3 In contrast to VZV wild-type infection, which typically confers lifelong immunity, breakthrough infections can occur months to years after VZV immunization and are caus ...
Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidases in Health and
... evolution studies suggest that it originates from a relatively recent duplication of ERAP1 [2]. These enzymes are normally present in many tissues and are strongly induced after stimulation with type I and type II interferons (IFNs) [3–6] and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [7]. ERAP enzymes tri ...
... evolution studies suggest that it originates from a relatively recent duplication of ERAP1 [2]. These enzymes are normally present in many tissues and are strongly induced after stimulation with type I and type II interferons (IFNs) [3–6] and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [7]. ERAP enzymes tri ...
Sepsis Project Presentation 3744KB Jan 14 2015 08:21:43 AM
... diagnosed with sepsis annually, with an increase of 90% in the number of diagnoses over the last 10 years. The cause for this is believed to be the rise of drug-resistant bacteria ...
... diagnosed with sepsis annually, with an increase of 90% in the number of diagnoses over the last 10 years. The cause for this is believed to be the rise of drug-resistant bacteria ...
Leishmania species: models of intracellular parasitism
... such organisms and their host cells is particularly intriguing because, not only are macrophages capable of potent microbicidal activity, but in their antigen-presenting capacity they can orchestrate the developing immune response. Thus, to initiate a successful infection parasites must gain entry i ...
... such organisms and their host cells is particularly intriguing because, not only are macrophages capable of potent microbicidal activity, but in their antigen-presenting capacity they can orchestrate the developing immune response. Thus, to initiate a successful infection parasites must gain entry i ...
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Red Blood Cell Autoantibodies
... reactivity of the autoantibody. For many patients, the presence of an RBC autoantibody alone may have no clinically apparent sequelae and will be detected only by an irregular antibody screen performed for another reason, such as during a preoperative workup or during testing of blood after donation ...
... reactivity of the autoantibody. For many patients, the presence of an RBC autoantibody alone may have no clinically apparent sequelae and will be detected only by an irregular antibody screen performed for another reason, such as during a preoperative workup or during testing of blood after donation ...
Curriculum Vitae - Institute of Experimental Immunology
... 3. Reinhard Obst, Christian Münz, Stefan Stevanović and Hans-Georg Rammensee, "Generation of allo- and self-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes against a peptide library: evidence for a functionally diverse allo-restricted T cell repertoire", European Journal of Immunology (1998), 28:2432-2443. 4. Jo ...
... 3. Reinhard Obst, Christian Münz, Stefan Stevanović and Hans-Georg Rammensee, "Generation of allo- and self-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes against a peptide library: evidence for a functionally diverse allo-restricted T cell repertoire", European Journal of Immunology (1998), 28:2432-2443. 4. Jo ...
1- Introduction
... O. celtidifolia was mostly identified by traditional healers as an anti malaria, appetizer, and anti dermatitis plant and C. cordifolia was reported to cure gastritis, skin inflammation, wounds, malaria, high blood pressure, overweight and other diseases as well. The ethnopharmacological information ...
... O. celtidifolia was mostly identified by traditional healers as an anti malaria, appetizer, and anti dermatitis plant and C. cordifolia was reported to cure gastritis, skin inflammation, wounds, malaria, high blood pressure, overweight and other diseases as well. The ethnopharmacological information ...
Flyer: Cell Therapy Systems
... Gibco CTS Dynabeads CD3/CD28 magnetic beads are intended for ex vivo isolation, activation, and expansion of human T cells in translational research. The combination of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies on these Gibco Dynabeads magnetic beads provides both the primary and co-stimulatory signals that ...
... Gibco CTS Dynabeads CD3/CD28 magnetic beads are intended for ex vivo isolation, activation, and expansion of human T cells in translational research. The combination of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies on these Gibco Dynabeads magnetic beads provides both the primary and co-stimulatory signals that ...
Reprint - Institute of Biochemistry - Goethe
... are subsequently lysed or undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis). In addition to antigenic peptides, MHC I molecules constantly display peptides from normal cellular proteins, a process that is critical for the selection of T lymphocytes in the thymus. T lymphocytes whose antigen receptors recogn ...
... are subsequently lysed or undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis). In addition to antigenic peptides, MHC I molecules constantly display peptides from normal cellular proteins, a process that is critical for the selection of T lymphocytes in the thymus. T lymphocytes whose antigen receptors recogn ...
Plant-Microbe Interaction
... B-lymphocytes, which hypermutate to create new, potentially selfreactive cells and, thus, die if they recognize the antigen without help from active T-helper cells (Matzinger, 2002). These T-helper cells, in turn, require co-stimulation by activated DCs, which process the antigen and present it on t ...
... B-lymphocytes, which hypermutate to create new, potentially selfreactive cells and, thus, die if they recognize the antigen without help from active T-helper cells (Matzinger, 2002). These T-helper cells, in turn, require co-stimulation by activated DCs, which process the antigen and present it on t ...
and Adaptive Immune Responses an Endogenous
... Pancreatic autoantibodies are Crohn disease-specific serologic markers. The function and immunological role of their recently identified autoantigen, glycoprotein 2 (GP2), are unknown. We therefore investigated the impact of GP2 on modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses to evaluate its p ...
... Pancreatic autoantibodies are Crohn disease-specific serologic markers. The function and immunological role of their recently identified autoantigen, glycoprotein 2 (GP2), are unknown. We therefore investigated the impact of GP2 on modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses to evaluate its p ...
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... nucleotidyl phosphatase activity (Taraporewala et al., 2001 ) which supports its association with viral mRNA species. It may playa role in the selection of the ten ssRNA segments into subviral particles prior to the synthesis of dsRNA (Huismans et al. , 1987a), although ssRNA-binding by NS2 has been ...
... nucleotidyl phosphatase activity (Taraporewala et al., 2001 ) which supports its association with viral mRNA species. It may playa role in the selection of the ten ssRNA segments into subviral particles prior to the synthesis of dsRNA (Huismans et al. , 1987a), although ssRNA-binding by NS2 has been ...
Human platelets and their capacity of binding viruses: meaning and
... [27]. When HCV treatment consists in associating pegylated interferon and ribavirin, thrombocytopenia is also among the numerous side effects of this bitherapy, and the condition can potentially be induced or exacerbated during treatment [28]. It renders chronically infected patients either ineligib ...
... [27]. When HCV treatment consists in associating pegylated interferon and ribavirin, thrombocytopenia is also among the numerous side effects of this bitherapy, and the condition can potentially be induced or exacerbated during treatment [28]. It renders chronically infected patients either ineligib ...
Thymus Gland - Spirit of Health
... cows, so the calf must get it all from the colostrum. This factor may elevate colostrum`s potential in human supplementation. The spectrum of potential health benefits associated with the consumption of colostrum is innumerable. Research has shown that regular consumption of colostrum can help the ...
... cows, so the calf must get it all from the colostrum. This factor may elevate colostrum`s potential in human supplementation. The spectrum of potential health benefits associated with the consumption of colostrum is innumerable. Research has shown that regular consumption of colostrum can help the ...
Complexity of complement activation in sepsis
... tissue damage. Therefore, complement can be currently viewed as an alarm system, which is capable of recognizing structures (danger-associated molecular patterns [DAMPs]) associated with a risk of the disturbance of homeostasis of either infectious or non-infectious origin. The classical pathway is ...
... tissue damage. Therefore, complement can be currently viewed as an alarm system, which is capable of recognizing structures (danger-associated molecular patterns [DAMPs]) associated with a risk of the disturbance of homeostasis of either infectious or non-infectious origin. The classical pathway is ...
Recent Thymus Emigrant CD4+ T Cells Predict HIV Disease
... in HIV-positive patients deserves further investigation. This could be especially important for patients who have seemingly well controlled disease while on and compliant with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), but a fraction of whom will subsequently deteriorate. RTE measurements using T-cell ...
... in HIV-positive patients deserves further investigation. This could be especially important for patients who have seemingly well controlled disease while on and compliant with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), but a fraction of whom will subsequently deteriorate. RTE measurements using T-cell ...
Airway Inflammation and Bronchial Remodelling in - (BORA)
... Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by the presence of reversible airway constriction and AHR to various stimuli [23]. AHR is a cardinal feature of the disease in which acute airway narrowing is easily elicited by non-specific stimuli, such as exercise, cold air or inhalation airway ...
... Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by the presence of reversible airway constriction and AHR to various stimuli [23]. AHR is a cardinal feature of the disease in which acute airway narrowing is easily elicited by non-specific stimuli, such as exercise, cold air or inhalation airway ...
Skeletal System
... During the antigen challenge, an activating lymphocyte interacts with several other cells types The lymphocyte receives its antigen from an antigen presenting cell, such as a macrophage that has recently phagocytized the antigen, or a star shaped dendritic cell, a professional antigen gathered that ...
... During the antigen challenge, an activating lymphocyte interacts with several other cells types The lymphocyte receives its antigen from an antigen presenting cell, such as a macrophage that has recently phagocytized the antigen, or a star shaped dendritic cell, a professional antigen gathered that ...
The Effect of Zinc Status on Proinflammatory Response
... Cells are cultured in media that is either zinc deficient (0 μM zinc), marginally zinc deficient (1 μM zinc), zinc adequate (4 μM zinc), or zinc supplemented (40 μM zinc) ...
... Cells are cultured in media that is either zinc deficient (0 μM zinc), marginally zinc deficient (1 μM zinc), zinc adequate (4 μM zinc), or zinc supplemented (40 μM zinc) ...
Cancer immunotherapy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peptide_bound_to_Rituximab_FAB.png?width=300)
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.