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Modeling the effector - regulatory T cell cross
... Background: The relapsing-remitting dynamics is a hallmark of autoimmune diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Although current understanding of both cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is significant, how their activity generates this prototypic ...
... Background: The relapsing-remitting dynamics is a hallmark of autoimmune diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Although current understanding of both cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is significant, how their activity generates this prototypic ...
2014 issue of Current Diabetes Reports
... surrounding blood vessels and ducts, and encasing each pancreatic islet (Figs. 1 and 2). The IM, which confers tensile strength and elasticity to tissues mainly due to the presence of fibrillar collagens, is limited in the pancreas and occurs as a thin layer immediately subjacent and external to the ...
... surrounding blood vessels and ducts, and encasing each pancreatic islet (Figs. 1 and 2). The IM, which confers tensile strength and elasticity to tissues mainly due to the presence of fibrillar collagens, is limited in the pancreas and occurs as a thin layer immediately subjacent and external to the ...
PowerPoint 프레젠테이션
... • Tissue valve calcification is initiated primarily within residual cells that have been devitalized, usually by glutaraldehyde pretreatment. • The mechanism involves reaction of calcium-containing extracellular fluid with membrane-associated phosphorus to yield calcium phosphate mineral deposits. • ...
... • Tissue valve calcification is initiated primarily within residual cells that have been devitalized, usually by glutaraldehyde pretreatment. • The mechanism involves reaction of calcium-containing extracellular fluid with membrane-associated phosphorus to yield calcium phosphate mineral deposits. • ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... Fimbriae from P.gingivalis play an important role in adhesion to oral tissue and are highly immunogenic. Chan 1995 demonstrated that immunization with purified outer membrane protein reduces the activities of collagenase, gelatinase and cysteine proteases in gingival tissue. [18] These are cell surf ...
... Fimbriae from P.gingivalis play an important role in adhesion to oral tissue and are highly immunogenic. Chan 1995 demonstrated that immunization with purified outer membrane protein reduces the activities of collagenase, gelatinase and cysteine proteases in gingival tissue. [18] These are cell surf ...
Regulatory mechanisms that control T-follicular helper and
... that promote specialized CD4 þ T-cell effector subtypes modulate the activity of STAT proteins.40,41 This transcription factor family serves to translate the external cytokine environment into internal events that control many aspects of cellular differentiation, including regulating the expression ...
... that promote specialized CD4 þ T-cell effector subtypes modulate the activity of STAT proteins.40,41 This transcription factor family serves to translate the external cytokine environment into internal events that control many aspects of cellular differentiation, including regulating the expression ...
GAD AS AN IMMUNOMODULATOR IN TYPE 1 DIABETES Stina Axelsson
... Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by a deficiency of insulin as a result of an autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β-cells. A possibility to preserve remaining β-cells in children with newly diagnosed T1D is of great importance since sustained β-cell function is recognized to result in reduced en ...
... Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by a deficiency of insulin as a result of an autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β-cells. A possibility to preserve remaining β-cells in children with newly diagnosed T1D is of great importance since sustained β-cell function is recognized to result in reduced en ...
Laboratory Activities to Enhance the Study of Whole Blood
... where they attach, engulfed the microbe by pseudopodia and digested them with lysozymes. Migration to these sites of infection is often guided by positive chemotaxis, a chemical stimuli released by other WBCs or by the waste products of the microbe itself. These guardians of the immune system often ...
... where they attach, engulfed the microbe by pseudopodia and digested them with lysozymes. Migration to these sites of infection is often guided by positive chemotaxis, a chemical stimuli released by other WBCs or by the waste products of the microbe itself. These guardians of the immune system often ...
Cutting Edge: CTLA-4 on Effector T Cells Inhibits In Trans
... also evident in the peripheral blood (Fig. 2C–E). Thus, enhanced egress from LNs does not account for the decreased frequency of CTLA-4 KO 5C.C7 T cells in the presence of WT 5C.C7 T cells. Longitudinal analysis of T cell responses in blood shows that the presence of CTLA-4 on WT T cells decreases t ...
... also evident in the peripheral blood (Fig. 2C–E). Thus, enhanced egress from LNs does not account for the decreased frequency of CTLA-4 KO 5C.C7 T cells in the presence of WT 5C.C7 T cells. Longitudinal analysis of T cell responses in blood shows that the presence of CTLA-4 on WT T cells decreases t ...
Licentiate thesis from the Department of Immunology
... Granuloma formation is the hallmark of M. tuberculosis infection. Granulomas are formed in response to chronic local antigenic stimulation, and can be observed in different infectious diseases, including schistosomiasis, leprosy, and leishmaniasis (Reyes-Flores, 1986; Modlin and Rea, 1988; Palma and ...
... Granuloma formation is the hallmark of M. tuberculosis infection. Granulomas are formed in response to chronic local antigenic stimulation, and can be observed in different infectious diseases, including schistosomiasis, leprosy, and leishmaniasis (Reyes-Flores, 1986; Modlin and Rea, 1988; Palma and ...
Gene, environment, microbiome and mucosal immune tolerance in
... In general, the mucosa consists of epithelial cells that form a surface barrier, with hair (in some areas) and a coating of mucus contributing to that barrier (Fig. 1). In some sites, such as the larger airways in the lung, these epithelial cells have cilia that contribute to the removal of foreign ...
... In general, the mucosa consists of epithelial cells that form a surface barrier, with hair (in some areas) and a coating of mucus contributing to that barrier (Fig. 1). In some sites, such as the larger airways in the lung, these epithelial cells have cilia that contribute to the removal of foreign ...
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Roland W. Herzog HERZOG
... The goals of my research program are to develop a gene therapy for hemophilia using AAV vectors, to develop immune tolerance protocols for coagulation factors and other therapeutic protein used in treatment of genetic disease, and to understand the role of immune regulation in tolerance induction. W ...
... The goals of my research program are to develop a gene therapy for hemophilia using AAV vectors, to develop immune tolerance protocols for coagulation factors and other therapeutic protein used in treatment of genetic disease, and to understand the role of immune regulation in tolerance induction. W ...
Human embryonic epidermis contains a diverse Langerhans cell
... To further characterize the phenotype and the localization of CD36+ cells in prenatal skin, triple immunofluorescence staining was performed on cryostat sections. As the moderate thickness of the embryonic epidermis precludes the enzymatic separation from the underlying dermis (and consequently a co ...
... To further characterize the phenotype and the localization of CD36+ cells in prenatal skin, triple immunofluorescence staining was performed on cryostat sections. As the moderate thickness of the embryonic epidermis precludes the enzymatic separation from the underlying dermis (and consequently a co ...
NLRC5 regulates MHC class I antigen presentation in host defense
... NLRC5 regulates MHC class I-mediated CD8+ T cell activation, proliferation and cytotoxicity We showed above that NLRC5 regulates MHC class I gene expression and CD8+ T cell activation during infection. To further confirm whether NLRC5 regulates antigen-specific T cell activation, naive OT-1 CD8+ T c ...
... NLRC5 regulates MHC class I-mediated CD8+ T cell activation, proliferation and cytotoxicity We showed above that NLRC5 regulates MHC class I gene expression and CD8+ T cell activation during infection. To further confirm whether NLRC5 regulates antigen-specific T cell activation, naive OT-1 CD8+ T c ...
1 TEMA 2. SISTEMA DE COMPLEMENTO
... also express CR1, which allows them to bind opsonized bacteria and immune complexes. In the lower panel fluoresceinated bacteria which have been opsonized with antibody and complement are seen adhering to human erythrocytes. ...
... also express CR1, which allows them to bind opsonized bacteria and immune complexes. In the lower panel fluoresceinated bacteria which have been opsonized with antibody and complement are seen adhering to human erythrocytes. ...
Tesi unita 08 - Padua@Research
... found that these cells are Foxp3 positive and are able to produce TGF-β. Finally, we demonstrated that TpF1 is able to promote the expansion of T reg cells isolated from secondary syphilis patients, as well as the release by these cells of TGF-β. In conclusion, TpF1 of T. pallidum displays peculiar ...
... found that these cells are Foxp3 positive and are able to produce TGF-β. Finally, we demonstrated that TpF1 is able to promote the expansion of T reg cells isolated from secondary syphilis patients, as well as the release by these cells of TGF-β. In conclusion, TpF1 of T. pallidum displays peculiar ...
Gastrointestinal Disease
... also will use certain toxins in their metabolism, and therefore will render them harmless before they even come into contact with the mucosa. 3. The tight junction. This is the most important barrier, and is not an anatomical barrier, but rather a channel, which closed integrity is kept up by active ...
... also will use certain toxins in their metabolism, and therefore will render them harmless before they even come into contact with the mucosa. 3. The tight junction. This is the most important barrier, and is not an anatomical barrier, but rather a channel, which closed integrity is kept up by active ...
Intestinal cell damage and systemic immune activation in
... Some individuals experience a range of symptoms in response to ingestion of wheat and related cereals, yet lack the characteristic serological, histological or genetic markers of coeliac disease.5–8 The terms non-coeliac gluten sensitivity and noncoeliac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) are generally used t ...
... Some individuals experience a range of symptoms in response to ingestion of wheat and related cereals, yet lack the characteristic serological, histological or genetic markers of coeliac disease.5–8 The terms non-coeliac gluten sensitivity and noncoeliac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) are generally used t ...
Impact of treatment with methimazole on the Bcl
... of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and production of reactive oxygen species, both of which are intimately associated with apoptotic cell death. In addition, cellular expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein was clearly reduced by the treatment of lymphocytes with thyroid hormones in vitro [2 ...
... of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and production of reactive oxygen species, both of which are intimately associated with apoptotic cell death. In addition, cellular expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein was clearly reduced by the treatment of lymphocytes with thyroid hormones in vitro [2 ...
Distinct Transcriptional and Alternative Splicing
... arteries, and directing placentation (6–9). Whole-genome transcriptome analysis revealed that dNK cells upregulate expression of many genes related to inhibitory receptors, growth factors, cell cycle, and cytokines/chemokines, but downregulate expression of the genes involved in activating receptors ...
... arteries, and directing placentation (6–9). Whole-genome transcriptome analysis revealed that dNK cells upregulate expression of many genes related to inhibitory receptors, growth factors, cell cycle, and cytokines/chemokines, but downregulate expression of the genes involved in activating receptors ...
MUCOSAL IMMUNITY IN THE RESPIRATORY TRACT: INTRACELLULAR PATHOGENS
... immunization, unlike the i.p. route, elicited strong IgA responses in the lungs accompanied by a major influx of CD4+ T cells and a significant local production of IFN-γ. IgA, being the predominant Ig isotype at mucosal tissues, is considered a major effector molecule involved in defense mechanisms ...
... immunization, unlike the i.p. route, elicited strong IgA responses in the lungs accompanied by a major influx of CD4+ T cells and a significant local production of IFN-γ. IgA, being the predominant Ig isotype at mucosal tissues, is considered a major effector molecule involved in defense mechanisms ...
Cancer immunotherapy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peptide_bound_to_Rituximab_FAB.png?width=300)
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.