Immunology PPT - Old Saybrook Public Schools
... constant region determines general structure and function, may insert into membrane ...
... constant region determines general structure and function, may insert into membrane ...
The Generation of Diversity (GOD): How to Ensure
... The T cell receptor heterodimer comprises two transmembrane glycoproteins, the alpha and beta chains. There are two domains in the external part of each chain and these resemble immunoglobulin variable and constant regions. There are sugar chains on each domain. There is a short sequence similar to ...
... The T cell receptor heterodimer comprises two transmembrane glycoproteins, the alpha and beta chains. There are two domains in the external part of each chain and these resemble immunoglobulin variable and constant regions. There are sugar chains on each domain. There is a short sequence similar to ...
Immunology
... There will be extra credit most weeks of the course. Objective Sheets are provided for topics we will cover and consist of a series of questions pertaining to the topic. As we finish a topic, answers to the questions posed on the Objective Sheets will be due the next class period and will be worth ...
... There will be extra credit most weeks of the course. Objective Sheets are provided for topics we will cover and consist of a series of questions pertaining to the topic. As we finish a topic, answers to the questions posed on the Objective Sheets will be due the next class period and will be worth ...
To the principal Azra naheed Medical college Lahore
... Type II (Cytotoxic type) . Mediated by Ab directed to Ag on the cells/tissue components . Complement activation by Ag /Ab complex e.g. Transfusion reaction . Effects of anti receptors Antibodies e.g. Myasthenia gravis .Ab dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity e.g. Graft rejection ...
... Type II (Cytotoxic type) . Mediated by Ab directed to Ag on the cells/tissue components . Complement activation by Ag /Ab complex e.g. Transfusion reaction . Effects of anti receptors Antibodies e.g. Myasthenia gravis .Ab dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity e.g. Graft rejection ...
1. dia - immunology.unideb.hu
... made by cells that affect the behaviour of other cells. The balance & level of cytokines and chemokines secreted affects the outcome of the ...
... made by cells that affect the behaviour of other cells. The balance & level of cytokines and chemokines secreted affects the outcome of the ...
ch 43 clicker questions
... Recombinase genes RAG1 and RAG2 are found only in jawed vertebrates, supporting the hypothesis that a) jawless vertebrates have immune memory. b) jawless vertebrates employ combinatorial DNA rearrangements to increase antigen receptor diversity. c) sharks lack an adaptive immune system that respond ...
... Recombinase genes RAG1 and RAG2 are found only in jawed vertebrates, supporting the hypothesis that a) jawless vertebrates have immune memory. b) jawless vertebrates employ combinatorial DNA rearrangements to increase antigen receptor diversity. c) sharks lack an adaptive immune system that respond ...
1. Type I allergy
... decreased, by vascular dilatation. A patient with these symptoms may undergo anaphylactic shock in serious cases. The symptoms are transient and usually subside within several hours. Typical skin diseases caused by type I allergy are urticaria and certain types of drug eruptions (urticarial reaction ...
... decreased, by vascular dilatation. A patient with these symptoms may undergo anaphylactic shock in serious cases. The symptoms are transient and usually subside within several hours. Typical skin diseases caused by type I allergy are urticaria and certain types of drug eruptions (urticarial reaction ...
Document
... Define and classify Immunity into the two types:innate and acquired. Describe the process of innate immunity Define the term antigen Describe the two types of acquired immunity: cell mediated and humoral. Understand that two types of lymphocytes, T and B, are responsible for acquired immuni ...
... Define and classify Immunity into the two types:innate and acquired. Describe the process of innate immunity Define the term antigen Describe the two types of acquired immunity: cell mediated and humoral. Understand that two types of lymphocytes, T and B, are responsible for acquired immuni ...
Chapter 15 - ltcconline.net
... Antigen Processing and Presentation to Lymphocytes • T-cell dependent antigens must be processed by phagocytes called antigen presenting cells (APC) • APCs modify the antigen; then the Ag is moved to the APC surface and bound to MHC receptor • Antigen presentation involves a direct collaboration am ...
... Antigen Processing and Presentation to Lymphocytes • T-cell dependent antigens must be processed by phagocytes called antigen presenting cells (APC) • APCs modify the antigen; then the Ag is moved to the APC surface and bound to MHC receptor • Antigen presentation involves a direct collaboration am ...
The Immune System
... • Acquired immunity has two branches: the humoral immune response and the cell-mediated immune response • In the humoral immune response antibodies help neutralize or eliminate toxins and pathogens in the blood and lymph • In the cell-mediated immune response specialized T cells destroy affected hos ...
... • Acquired immunity has two branches: the humoral immune response and the cell-mediated immune response • In the humoral immune response antibodies help neutralize or eliminate toxins and pathogens in the blood and lymph • In the cell-mediated immune response specialized T cells destroy affected hos ...
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM AND IMMUNITY The Lymphatic System
... - antibodies are Y shaped globulin proteins with two antigen binding sites (bivalent) - five classes of immunoglobins are recognized in humans: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE ...
... - antibodies are Y shaped globulin proteins with two antigen binding sites (bivalent) - five classes of immunoglobins are recognized in humans: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE ...
Bez nadpisu
... of a number of growth factors more specific in their actions which are usually produced by activated blood cells or fibroblasts: Il-4 and Il-9 (production of basophils and mast cells), Il-5 (eosinophils), G-CSF, M-CSF, EPO - Interferons: induced in response to a variety of agents including viruses, ...
... of a number of growth factors more specific in their actions which are usually produced by activated blood cells or fibroblasts: Il-4 and Il-9 (production of basophils and mast cells), Il-5 (eosinophils), G-CSF, M-CSF, EPO - Interferons: induced in response to a variety of agents including viruses, ...
Is it Time to Winterize?
... introducing them to Immune 360 with the six magic words, “would you like a FREE sample?” They will discover its benefits and thank you. This is the perfect time to help your family, customers, and prospects “winterize” with Immune 360. * These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug ...
... introducing them to Immune 360 with the six magic words, “would you like a FREE sample?” They will discover its benefits and thank you. This is the perfect time to help your family, customers, and prospects “winterize” with Immune 360. * These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug ...
Document
... b. inflammation d. nonspecific defenses 41. The biggest difference between cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity is a. how long their protection lasts. b. whether a subsequent secondary immune response can occur. c. how they respond to and dispose of invaders. d. how fast they can respond to a ...
... b. inflammation d. nonspecific defenses 41. The biggest difference between cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity is a. how long their protection lasts. b. whether a subsequent secondary immune response can occur. c. how they respond to and dispose of invaders. d. how fast they can respond to a ...
RFC_CP_Decouverte_immunologie_CIML
... enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), they have thus demonstrated that the protective action of T lymphocytes and of an ILC subtype (ILC3 NCR+) is not only redundant, but that the latter can even “take over the work” where the T lymphocytes fail. “This is the first time that redundancy between these 2 ...
... enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), they have thus demonstrated that the protective action of T lymphocytes and of an ILC subtype (ILC3 NCR+) is not only redundant, but that the latter can even “take over the work” where the T lymphocytes fail. “This is the first time that redundancy between these 2 ...
Hermans HRC66 2006 (PDF 103kb)
... research into improving the potency of vaccines, believing that not only is there a need to make successful vaccines for global threats like HIV, malaria and tuberculosis, but that appropriately designed vaccines may be used in the future as effective therapies for a number of common disease conditi ...
... research into improving the potency of vaccines, believing that not only is there a need to make successful vaccines for global threats like HIV, malaria and tuberculosis, but that appropriately designed vaccines may be used in the future as effective therapies for a number of common disease conditi ...
Ms. S Lymphatic Notes File
... type of humoral response involving the release of antibodies by plasma cells allergic – intolerance to a certain antigen coming in contact with skin allergen – antigens that cause an allergic response an allergic individual secretes different antibodies (IgE) than nonallergic individuals (IgG or IgM ...
... type of humoral response involving the release of antibodies by plasma cells allergic – intolerance to a certain antigen coming in contact with skin allergen – antigens that cause an allergic response an allergic individual secretes different antibodies (IgE) than nonallergic individuals (IgG or IgM ...
Immunology - Biology - Missouri State University
... Autoimmunity • Autoimmunity results when the immune system responds to self-components – tolerance usually protects an individual – protection is through clonal anergy or clonal suppression ...
... Autoimmunity • Autoimmunity results when the immune system responds to self-components – tolerance usually protects an individual – protection is through clonal anergy or clonal suppression ...
Tan1
... The complement system is a set of plasma proteins that act together to attack extracellular forms of pathogens. It was first discovered as an effector arm of the antibody response, but complement can also be activated early in infection in the absence of antibodies; complement first evolved as part ...
... The complement system is a set of plasma proteins that act together to attack extracellular forms of pathogens. It was first discovered as an effector arm of the antibody response, but complement can also be activated early in infection in the absence of antibodies; complement first evolved as part ...
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth. The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen. Adaptive immunity can also provide long-lasting protection: for example; someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime but in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection: for example; chickenpox. The adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. Two main broad classes—antibody responses and cell mediated immune response—are also carried by two different lymphocytes (B cells and T cells). In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies travel through the bloodstream and bind to the foreign antigen causing it to inactivate, which does not allow the antigen to bind to the host.In acquired immunity, pathogen-specific receptors are ""acquired"" during the lifetime of the organism (whereas in innate immunity pathogen-specific receptors are already encoded in the germline). The acquired response is called ""adaptive"" because it prepares the body's immune system for future challenges (though it can actually also be maladaptive when it results in autoimmunity).The system is highly adaptable because of somatic hypermutation (a process of accelerated somatic mutations), and V(D)J recombination (an irreversible genetic recombination of antigen receptor gene segments). This mechanism allows a small number of genes to generate a vast number of different antigen receptors, which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Because the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change in the DNA of each cell, all progeny (offspring) of that cell inherit genes that encode the same receptor specificity, including the memory B cells and memory T cells that are the keys to long-lived specific immunity.A theoretical framework explaining the workings of the acquired immune system is provided by immune network theory. This theory, which builds on established concepts of clonal selection, is being applied in the search for an HIV vaccine.