Tumor antigens
... a-Macrophage activation factor that activate macrophag b-γ interferon and IL-2 that activate NK c-Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ...
... a-Macrophage activation factor that activate macrophag b-γ interferon and IL-2 that activate NK c-Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ...
Document
... After a T cell becomes activated, it up-regulates expression of CTLA-4 on the cell surface. CTLA-4 binds B7 with about 10x higher affinity than does CD28 This appears to act as a damper on activation ...
... After a T cell becomes activated, it up-regulates expression of CTLA-4 on the cell surface. CTLA-4 binds B7 with about 10x higher affinity than does CD28 This appears to act as a damper on activation ...
Immunology and Cancer
... Registration as a Cancer Immunome Database user is free and open, but necessary for anyone wanting access to the data. If you wish to contribute data to the CID, the username and password that you select guarantee that the information you deposit will be properly attributed, and that you alone (or m ...
... Registration as a Cancer Immunome Database user is free and open, but necessary for anyone wanting access to the data. If you wish to contribute data to the CID, the username and password that you select guarantee that the information you deposit will be properly attributed, and that you alone (or m ...
Hypersensitivity
... Hypersensitivity (HS) – Allergy The most common immunological abnormality. Increasing number of affected people (25-40%) Potential reasons: Environmental pollution (?) Lack of selection (?) ...
... Hypersensitivity (HS) – Allergy The most common immunological abnormality. Increasing number of affected people (25-40%) Potential reasons: Environmental pollution (?) Lack of selection (?) ...
Thymic Selection of T-Cell Receptors as an Extreme Value Problem
... that binds with high affinity to any self-pMHC molecule are deleted in the thymus (a process called negative selection). However, a thymocyte’s TCR must also bind sufficiently strongly to at least one self-pMHC complex to receive survival signals and emerge from the thymus (a process called positive ...
... that binds with high affinity to any self-pMHC molecule are deleted in the thymus (a process called negative selection). However, a thymocyte’s TCR must also bind sufficiently strongly to at least one self-pMHC complex to receive survival signals and emerge from the thymus (a process called positive ...
Lymphatic & Immune System - Sonoma Valley High School
... Two cross sections of a lymph node: macrophages, which appear as red in the top image, are sticky cells that act like flypaper, trapping viruses and bacteria when they enter the lymph node. Green and blue show other structural elements of the node. In the bottom picture, B cells are red and the stru ...
... Two cross sections of a lymph node: macrophages, which appear as red in the top image, are sticky cells that act like flypaper, trapping viruses and bacteria when they enter the lymph node. Green and blue show other structural elements of the node. In the bottom picture, B cells are red and the stru ...
BioHnrs TEST TOPICS: Intro to Cells (4.1
... After completing your study guide, you should be able to…. 1. Describe the structure and function of a virus. 2. Explain how viruses were discovered and the hypotheses regarding their evolution. 3. Explain how viruses can differ and identify what they all have in common. 4. Describe how the human i ...
... After completing your study guide, you should be able to…. 1. Describe the structure and function of a virus. 2. Explain how viruses were discovered and the hypotheses regarding their evolution. 3. Explain how viruses can differ and identify what they all have in common. 4. Describe how the human i ...
Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)
... Two “nephritogenic” proteins have thus far been identified in Streptococcal infections and include SpeB, a bacterial serine protease enzyme, and NAPIr, a secreted bacterial protein known as “nephritis-associated plasmin receptor”. It is thought that these proteins when present in the kidney precipita ...
... Two “nephritogenic” proteins have thus far been identified in Streptococcal infections and include SpeB, a bacterial serine protease enzyme, and NAPIr, a secreted bacterial protein known as “nephritis-associated plasmin receptor”. It is thought that these proteins when present in the kidney precipita ...
投影片 1
... All caspases have a similar domain structure comprising a propeptide followed by a large and a small subunit (see figure). The pro-peptide can be of variable length and, in the case of initiator caspases, can be used to recruit the enzyme to activation scaffolds such as the APAF1 apoptosome. Two dis ...
... All caspases have a similar domain structure comprising a propeptide followed by a large and a small subunit (see figure). The pro-peptide can be of variable length and, in the case of initiator caspases, can be used to recruit the enzyme to activation scaffolds such as the APAF1 apoptosome. Two dis ...
COPYRIGHT NOTICE According to Michigan State University
... from xenogenic (foreign, non-self) invaders and other antigenic challenges regardless of route of entry. The THYMUS produces mature, immunocompetent, yet naive, T lymphocytes and destroys a subset of these T lymphocytes which would otherwise maladaptively react to self antigens. LYMPH NODES monitor ...
... from xenogenic (foreign, non-self) invaders and other antigenic challenges regardless of route of entry. The THYMUS produces mature, immunocompetent, yet naive, T lymphocytes and destroys a subset of these T lymphocytes which would otherwise maladaptively react to self antigens. LYMPH NODES monitor ...
Germ theory of disease fails Virus-AIDS hypothesis
... multiplication rates of viruses 2) Viruses. Animal viruses, including HIV, replicate in susceptible cells in 8-24 hrs (generation time), and each infected cell produces at least 100 new viruses (multiplication rate). Thus HIV is a fast “lentivirus”! The clinical threshold of viral disease is about 1 ...
... multiplication rates of viruses 2) Viruses. Animal viruses, including HIV, replicate in susceptible cells in 8-24 hrs (generation time), and each infected cell produces at least 100 new viruses (multiplication rate). Thus HIV is a fast “lentivirus”! The clinical threshold of viral disease is about 1 ...
FROM PATHWAYS TO PEOPLE: ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS GAVIN MAXWELL
... Estimate average pMHC surface density from considerations of: 1. the fraction of nucleophiles we expect to be haptenated 2. probability that a pMHC contains a haptenated nucleophile ILLUSTRATION FROM YEWDELL, J.W., E. REITS, AND J. NEEFJES. (2003). Making sense of mass destruction: quantitating MHC ...
... Estimate average pMHC surface density from considerations of: 1. the fraction of nucleophiles we expect to be haptenated 2. probability that a pMHC contains a haptenated nucleophile ILLUSTRATION FROM YEWDELL, J.W., E. REITS, AND J. NEEFJES. (2003). Making sense of mass destruction: quantitating MHC ...
Dear Notetaker:
... - 3.Antigens resulting from mutant oncogenes o Mutants present only in tumor cells o Gene is mutated and produces a mutant protein o RAS becomes mutated and continuously hydrolyzes GDP to constantly become active o No evidence that this occurs naturally o Requires an initiator - 4.Viral Antigens o V ...
... - 3.Antigens resulting from mutant oncogenes o Mutants present only in tumor cells o Gene is mutated and produces a mutant protein o RAS becomes mutated and continuously hydrolyzes GDP to constantly become active o No evidence that this occurs naturally o Requires an initiator - 4.Viral Antigens o V ...
Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 2nd ed.
... • Some hosts are genetically immune to the diseases of other hosts • Particularly true of viruses ...
... • Some hosts are genetically immune to the diseases of other hosts • Particularly true of viruses ...
22-03_pptlect
... • Not present at birth • Achieved by exposure to antigen • Active immunity • Passive immunity Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... • Not present at birth • Achieved by exposure to antigen • Active immunity • Passive immunity Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
The Lymphatic System
... phagocytized by a monocyte, some of the antigens from the pathogen stick out of the monocyte near a major histocompatibility complex (MHC). If the T-cell recognizes the antigen as a foreign antigen, then the T-cell will activate. This type of T-cell is called a helper T-cell because it assists anoth ...
... phagocytized by a monocyte, some of the antigens from the pathogen stick out of the monocyte near a major histocompatibility complex (MHC). If the T-cell recognizes the antigen as a foreign antigen, then the T-cell will activate. This type of T-cell is called a helper T-cell because it assists anoth ...
The Immune System
... blood and store cells that fight bacteria. As blood travels through the spleen, used red blood cells are filtered out. The spleen also helps store white blood cells that are used for destroying harmful bacteria in the body. The spleen can be removed and have the body continue to function. However, o ...
... blood and store cells that fight bacteria. As blood travels through the spleen, used red blood cells are filtered out. The spleen also helps store white blood cells that are used for destroying harmful bacteria in the body. The spleen can be removed and have the body continue to function. However, o ...
Nanotechnology & Nanobiotechnology
... Drug Delivery Systems in Development The creation of vehicles or constructs that can target the disease tissue more accurately: Smart Drugs – are designed to work only when activated by certain components in the body. For example, a smart drug designed to be activated by a certain enzyme will be ac ...
... Drug Delivery Systems in Development The creation of vehicles or constructs that can target the disease tissue more accurately: Smart Drugs – are designed to work only when activated by certain components in the body. For example, a smart drug designed to be activated by a certain enzyme will be ac ...
Lowy-Concepts_of_ID
... Terminology and Concepts • Many bacteria can produce the same infectious disease syndrome, sometimes by completely different pathogenetic mechanisms - e.g. the sepsis syndrome • A single bacterial or viral species can cause a multitude of different diseases ...
... Terminology and Concepts • Many bacteria can produce the same infectious disease syndrome, sometimes by completely different pathogenetic mechanisms - e.g. the sepsis syndrome • A single bacterial or viral species can cause a multitude of different diseases ...
13_Immune_system_-_Specifics_of_children`s_immunity_
... ▫ Antigens of the same type but of another individual; ▫ Autoantigens - These antigens should, under normal conditions, not be the target of the immune system, but, due to mainly genetic and environmental factors, the normal immunological tolerance for such an antigen has been lost in autoimmune dis ...
... ▫ Antigens of the same type but of another individual; ▫ Autoantigens - These antigens should, under normal conditions, not be the target of the immune system, but, due to mainly genetic and environmental factors, the normal immunological tolerance for such an antigen has been lost in autoimmune dis ...
File - Mrs. LeCompte
... production of antibodies that circulate in the blood plasma and lymph. When an antigen first binds to a B cell receptor (BCR), the cell takes in a few of the foreign molecules by receptor-mediated endocytosis. o The B cells to begin the process of clonal selection = when the best match between a spe ...
... production of antibodies that circulate in the blood plasma and lymph. When an antigen first binds to a B cell receptor (BCR), the cell takes in a few of the foreign molecules by receptor-mediated endocytosis. o The B cells to begin the process of clonal selection = when the best match between a spe ...