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ISG15 Is Critical in the Control of Chikungunya Virus - HAL
ISG15 Is Critical in the Control of Chikungunya Virus - HAL

... molecule in this model. These data demonstrate a novel role for ISG15 during viral infection and suggests that prophylactic measures targeting the induction of IFN and ISG15 may help protect neonates during future CHIKV outbreaks. ...
New Scientific Paradigms for Probiotics and Prebiotics
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... implications for health and improved quality of life. Combined human and microbial genetic studies will determine how such interactions can affect human health and longevity, which communication systems are used, and how they can be influenced to benefit the host. Probiotics are defined as “live mic ...
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Red Blood Cell Autoantibodies
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Red Blood Cell Autoantibodies

... Blood products should be warmed to prevent further hemolysis. Glucocorticoids have also been used to decrease the antibody production and complement activation of red blood cell destruction; however, data supporting their efficacy is sparse in PCH.10 For both acute and chronic PCH, avoidance of cold ...
Structural and functional characterization of peptides
Structural and functional characterization of peptides

... The immune system of all multicellular organisms consists of innate and, in vertebrates, adaptive immune responses (Campbell & Reece, 2005). Innate immune responses include the release of peptides referred to as host defence peptides (HDPs) into and around the infected area (Brown & Hancock, 2006). ...
The Invertebrate Lysozyme Effector ILYS-3 Is Systemically
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... Pharmacology at the University of Pretoria ...
The effects of environmental mycobacteria on VLP and MVA based vaccines against tuberculosis
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Cross-Clade Protective Immune Responses to Influenza Viruses
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... influenza virus-like particle (VLP) as a new generation of non-egg or non-mammalian cell culture-based candidate vaccine. Methodology/Principal Findings. We generated from a baculovirus expression system using insect cells, a non-infectious recombinant VLP vaccine from both influenza A H5N1 clade 1 ...
Low Dose Medicine - The new Paradigm - Dermatology
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... inflammation, in the etio-pathogenesis of a wide spectrum of diseases. Some of the more serious and complex dermatological chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases can today be addressed with LDM. In fact, considering these skin diseases as systemic, the LDM acts on them through the bio-regulation o ...
Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles. Mediators of virulence and
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... deriving from the earth, water, plants and animals, as well as from us humans. These microparticles, in turn, contain microorganisms, most of which are harmless, but some that constitutes as pathogens and cause airway disease (1). Respiratory tract infections are among the leading causes of death in ...
ABSTRACT  Title of Document:        ... NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE
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... escape from cells back into the extracellular milieu. Gonococci utilized an exocytosis pathway to escape after invasion that was blocked by treating cells with tannic acid, but not cytoskeletal inhibitors. I propose a working scenario whereby gonococci undergo cycles of invasion into and escape from ...
Characterization of Lactobacillus acidophilus Isolated from Piglets
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... Characterization of Lactobacillus acidophilus Isolated from Piglets and Chicken Y. T. Ahn, K. L. Lim, J. C. Ryu, D. K. Kang1, J. S. Ham2, Y. H. Jang3 and H. U. Kim* Lab. of Milk Science and Microbiology, School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Korea ABSTRACT : Lactic acid ba ...
The role of heat shock proteins in reproduction
The role of heat shock proteins in reproduction

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... Furthermore, the first structural insights into how different domains of NB-LRR proteins fold together have been obtained for the mouse protein NLRC4 but structural data of full-length plant NB-LRR receptors is still lacking (Hu et al. 2013). A better understanding of NB-LRR protein structure and fu ...
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MONOCYTE AND MACROPHAGE HETEROGENEITY
MONOCYTE AND MACROPHAGE HETEROGENEITY

... During development, the origins of cells from the yolk sac that have macrophagelike phenotypes might be distinct from the origins of these cells in adults and after haematopoiesis properly begins in the fetal liver88,89 (see figure). Developing macrophages are first found in the yolk sac, as identif ...
Innate immune responses of human tracheal epithelium to
Innate immune responses of human tracheal epithelium to

... bacteria and products and inflammatory cytokines. Similar measurements were performed on HTE monolayers treated with either flagellin or IL-1␤ and/or TNF-␣ added to the apical or basolateral sides of the monolayers. These experiments made direct comparisons of the apical vs. basolateral responses to ...
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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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