• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Vaccination against allergy
Vaccination against allergy

... Clinical diagnosis In vitro: specific IgE In vivo: SPT / allergen extracts ...
Topic 6: Human Health and Physiology
Topic 6: Human Health and Physiology

... The action potential is an explosion of electrical activity that is created by a depolarizing current. A stimulus causes the resting potential to move toward 0 mV. When the depolarization reaches about -55 mV a neuron will fire an action potential. This is the threshold. If the neuron does not reach ...
Pathophysiology Name Homework for Chapter 7, Part 2
Pathophysiology Name Homework for Chapter 7, Part 2

... 28. Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a lethal condition caused by the destruction of fetal blood by maternal antibodies. This condition involves an immune reaction against which of the following antigens on the fetal red blood cell? A) A B) B C) O D) Rh D 29. What type of reaction occurs when the ...
Lecture 18-Chap18
Lecture 18-Chap18

... antibody that will be produced by the same B cell after its activation by antigen. ...
Chapter 2. Immunology System
Chapter 2. Immunology System

... categories also have cytotoxic capabilities, including monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils and Tc cells. In addition, the natural killer (NK) cell can kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells. NK cells are also known as large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) but do not express antigen-speci ...
Classification of Immunodeficiency states
Classification of Immunodeficiency states

... Some genes now identified* – but account for only 10% of patients • * ICOS, CD19, TACI, BAFF-R ...
Unit 12 Chp 43 Animal Immune System Notes
Unit 12 Chp 43 Animal Immune System Notes

... exactly the same set of MHC molecules. ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis

... breathlessness, night sweat, weight loss, hemoptysis, lethargy, fever and others. T.B causes tuberculosis which mean (loss of body weight). Most Tb infections are asymptomatic cases 90% (latent infection). 2. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: Military tuberculosis (disseminated lesion) occur when necrot ...
Antigen sampling and presentation
Antigen sampling and presentation

... ¾ Peptides that bind MHC class II molecules are generated in the endocytic pathway. Following internalization, the antigen is enclosed in an endosome that converts to an early endosome, and then to a late endosome, in which the antigen unfolds due to the low pH. ¾ Their fusion with lysosomes creates ...
In pursuit of an HIV vaccine: an interview with Andrew McMichael
In pursuit of an HIV vaccine: an interview with Andrew McMichael

... that indeed good T cell responses will control better than poor T cell responses. They may have to be good in a number of senses - to be good killers, to make good cytokines and chemokines, to target, again, the more conserved regions of the virus so that the virus can’t escape very easily and to be ...
Program outline
Program outline

... and the adaptive potential of infectious agents determine virulence, infection niche, persistence, and spread of infection including the crossing of species barriers. Objectives are to (i) identify relevant genetic differences between related strains and species, (ii) unravel mechanisms of phenotype ...
R. Mantegazza
R. Mantegazza

... MIP-1a pg/ML ...
Biochemistry of the immune system
Biochemistry of the immune system

... recognition. They also have natural killer (NK) cell receptors. – Through the cytokines they produce once activated, iNKT cells are essential in both innate and adaptive immune protection against pathogens and tumors. They also play a regulatory role in the development of autoimmune diseases, asthma ...
New Study to Search for Diabetes "Signatures"
New Study to Search for Diabetes "Signatures"

... then use to develop ways to prevent or better treat type 1 diabetes.” The research will also test whether these genes are expressed differently in children who have different types of diabetes susceptibility genes. “This type of work aims to uncover whether there are specific molecular signatures fo ...
PRESS RELEASE 2011-10-03 The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
PRESS RELEASE 2011-10-03 The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

... We live in a dangerous world. Pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, virus, fungi, and parasites) threaten us continuously but we are equipped with powerful defense mechanisms (please see figures on page 5). The first line of defense, innate immunity, can destroy invading microorganisms and trigger in ...
Immune Compromised Infections
Immune Compromised Infections

... Immunocompromised host: An immunocompromised host is a patient who does not have the ability to respond normally to an infection due to an impaired or weakened immune system. ...
Review Handout
Review Handout

X Tumor Immunity (Clynes) Cross-presentation The Good News/Bad News Story
X Tumor Immunity (Clynes) Cross-presentation The Good News/Bad News Story

... eradicate cancer cells? Is there any evidence for immunological surveillance (Burnett and Thomas)? •  How can the immune system recognize cancer if it is essentially self-tissue? (Tolerance) •  If it does not- can it be made to do so? (Immunization designed to Break Tolerance) Where is the danger-th ...
Nonspecific Defenses of the Host - Cal State LA
Nonspecific Defenses of the Host - Cal State LA

...  Interferon (IFN) – interferons are substances produced and released from virally infected cells. Interferons bind to receptors on neighboring cells and, though a signal transduction pathway, induce them to produce anti-viral substances that interfere with viral multiplication and thus protect the ...
Kellogg Honors College Capstone Poster
Kellogg Honors College Capstone Poster

... done on mice with leukemia were given medication and due to the immune system, they built resistance against the cancer. Depending on the medication administered to the mice, a majority were cured. As we learned earlier chemotherapy drugs introduced to the body result in T cells gaining antigens whi ...
Fact Sheet
Fact Sheet

... compatible with our other database extensions, ChemEffect and DiseaseFX. When combined with the basic database in Pathway Studio, researchers have an unparalleled data collection that can be searched for information related to almost any human disease. ...
Powerpoint
Powerpoint

... products of the innate response, they change, and move from the local area through the lymphatics to the draining lymph node (next slide) as they mature into the best antigen-presenting cells. • Iccosomes are clumps of stored antigen-antibody immune complexes, which allow the dendritic cell to stimu ...
The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses Part A
The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses Part A

... Information of the newly assembled genes is expressed as B cell receptors and as antibodies Antibody Diversity Random mixing of gene segments makes unique antibody genes that: Code for H and L chains Account for part of the variability in antibodies V gene segments, called hypervariable regions, mut ...
The Big Picture
The Big Picture

... These cells coordinate two responses; the destruction of cells that have been infected by a pathogen, and the removal of pathogens at large in the body. Cytotoxic T cells attack and kill cells that have been infected by pathogens. The B cell response removes extracellular pathogens from the body and ...
no resistance to imminate by pathogens
no resistance to imminate by pathogens

... and the food industry. The LPO system has been extensively researched as a means of food preservation or a natural component of treatment. There are more than 40 publications in regard and the LPO system. LPO does not have any harmful effect on healthy cells or on beneficial bacteria. This is becaus ...
< 1 ... 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 ... 514 >

Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report