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The Role of Intracellular Neutral Lipid Hydrolases in Immune Cell
The Role of Intracellular Neutral Lipid Hydrolases in Immune Cell

... comprehensive support, for the trust in my ideas throughout my PhD project and for always having an open door. I owe my gratitude to the thesis committee members Akos Heinemann, Achim Lass and Ruth Birner-Gruenberger for their critical advice and helpful comments. My special thanks go to the colleag ...
Optimal immune defence in the light of variation in lifespan
Optimal immune defence in the light of variation in lifespan

... looked for evidence for this pace of life hypothesis including meta-analyses (8, 9) and single studies with both nonspecific (10–12) and specific challenges and/or immune measures (13–17). When the more specific challenges or measures are used, evidence for the pace of life hypothesis is often found ...
Guide to the Preparation of - Trace: Tennessee Research and
Guide to the Preparation of - Trace: Tennessee Research and

... from origin, largest X distance and largest Y distance were analyzed for each individual cell. Towards IL8, cells from GG genotype traveled further on an X axis and had higher X vs Y movement compared to CC genotype cells, meaning they moved more directly towards IL8. Our findings suggest lower F-ac ...
Medical monitoring: CD4 cell counts
Medical monitoring: CD4 cell counts

... Immediately after HIV infection, the CD4 count is likely to fall several hundred cells below the previous normal level. The extent of this early drop and the level at which it stabilises are markers for the future risk of developing disease. Most people with HIV find that their CD4 count usually dec ...
Cell Therapy Systems brochure
Cell Therapy Systems brochure

... regulatory purposes. A Drug Master File is filed with the FDA. For Research Use or Manufacturing of Cell-, Gene- or Tissue-based Products. CAUTION: Not intended for direct administration into humans or animals. ...
Mucosal vaccines: the promise and the challenge
Mucosal vaccines: the promise and the challenge

Genetic analysis of innate immunity in resistance to
Genetic analysis of innate immunity in resistance to

... inocula ranging from 103 to 108 yeasts having been tested.30 The LD50 for most C. albicans isolates tested in immunocompetent mice is between 104 and 106 yeasts. Both the strain of C. albicans and the growth conditions used have been shown to influence overall lethality during infection.32 The three ...
The function of tumour necrosis factor and receptors in models of
The function of tumour necrosis factor and receptors in models of

... the classic pro-inflammatory scenario, failure to regulate the production of TNF at a site of immunological injury may lead to chronic activation of innate immune cells and to chronic inflammatory responses, which may consequently lead to organ specific inflammatory pathology and tissue damage. Howe ...
Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)
Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)

... but not in pDCs [18–20]. These distinct expression patterns result in different cytokine production profiles following in vivo administration of TLR7 and TLR8 agonists. TLR7 stimulation of B cells induces differentiation and proliferation, but only a low level of cytokines, whereas stimulation of pD ...
2012 Program
2012 Program

... Internalization of group A Streptococcus (GAS) by epithelial cells may represent an important event in colonization of the human host. However, GAS must inhibit or delay the maturation of endolysosomal and/or autophagosomal compartments to avoid rapid intracellular degradation. The secreted pore-for ...
The mutation patterns in B-cell immunoglobulin receptors reflect the
The mutation patterns in B-cell immunoglobulin receptors reflect the

... cells also undergo isotype switching (e.g. from IgM to IgG) which allows for different effector functions. Unlike naive B cells that start with a BCR in the unmutated germline state, B memory cells that are reactivated through exposure to recurrent and related infections usually begin with a mutated ...
Host Pathogen Interactions: Is Arabidopsis thaliana
Host Pathogen Interactions: Is Arabidopsis thaliana

Intestinal Dendritic Cells Specialize to Activate Transforming Growth
Intestinal Dendritic Cells Specialize to Activate Transforming Growth

Page 1 of 200 - Gamma Delta Conference 2016
Page 1 of 200 - Gamma Delta Conference 2016

Neutrophils in tuberculosis
Neutrophils in tuberculosis

... Factor (TNF) [30]. Sometimes the reverse may happen; ingestion of apoptotic cell with pathogen may result in pro inflammatory effect [30]. This may be due to expression of heat shock proteins [31] or activation of macrophages by neutrophil proteases. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cell may produce anti/p ...
Chapter 1 - Baboola Sumo
Chapter 1 - Baboola Sumo

... the body to specific organs. Moreover, disease microbes often concentrate in specific organs, which suggests they they also may restrict their own location in the body. Traveling through the body to a specific organ or tissue is termed homing, and homing of course requires molecular machinery. This ...
this PDF file - Smart Science Technology
this PDF file - Smart Science Technology

... immune homeostasis scheme, answers to which will offer new insight in the field of immunology. To cite this article: Indira Guha, et al. Macrophage as a mediator of immune response: Sustenance of immune homeostasis.Macrophage 2015;2: e709. doi: 10.14800/ Macrophage.709. ...
Antibodies and IL-3 support helminth-induced basophil
Antibodies and IL-3 support helminth-induced basophil

... restore basophilia in these mice. Supplementation of immune serum in IL-4Rα−/− mice completely restored H. polygyrus bakeriinduced basophilia (Fig. 4C). Importantly, no soluble IL-3 could be detected in immune serum, indicating that it was the antibody component that was responsible for the observed ...
Software Modeling of the Complement System and its role in
Software Modeling of the Complement System and its role in

... I am indebted to my supervisor Dr. Jugal K. Kalita for helping me define my topic in this thesis and having been of invaluable assistance in my endeavors. He has given me constant support and guidance through out. I would like to thank Dr. Karen Newell and Dr. Maria Augusteijn for agreeing to be my ...


... Predict that butyrate and VPA could  operate via similar mechanisms  • Compounds with  similar structures VPA:                                           Butyrate: ...
Coinfection with Hepatitis C Virus among HIV-1
Coinfection with Hepatitis C Virus among HIV-1

... addition to other acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)related complications. In areas of the world where highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is available, following AIDSrelated complications, chronic infection with HCV has now become the leading cause of death among HIV-1-infected indi ...
Echinacea
Echinacea

... large class of glycoproteins known as ...
Major Histocompatibility Complex Heterozygosity Reduces Fitness
Major Histocompatibility Complex Heterozygosity Reduces Fitness

... linked genes. We did not determine the parentage for the pups, but the markers enabled us to determine whether the mother was MHC homozygous or heterozygous. Statistical analyses: We always tested the data for assumptions of normality and equality of variances before conducting parametric tests. The ...
RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT IN FARM
RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT IN FARM

on MHC & Leukemia Associations in Humans
on MHC & Leukemia Associations in Humans

... The borderland of embryogenesis and carcinogenesis. MHC-linked genes affecting development and their possible relationship to the development of cancer Biochim Biophys Acta 1984;738(3):93-102 ...
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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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