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The Western Provinces
The Western Provinces

... Blagg, T. F. C. & Millett, M. eds. The Early Roman Empire in the West (Oxbow, 1990) This is a multi-authored collection of chapters on the subject of Roman relations with the western part of the empire. Like most such collections, it includes some strong chapters and some weak ones; and also some wh ...
Caesar Augustus
Caesar Augustus

juliuscaesarIntro(2)
juliuscaesarIntro(2)

... transition from a republic to an empire. The Roman republic, established about 509 B.C., was governed by citizen assemblies: 1. Two elected consuls, who could serve for just one year to look after Rome’s interests in other countries. 2. A powerful Senate (appointed individuals by the consuls), which ...
cicero - Cengage community
cicero - Cengage community

Jeopardy: Rome Review
Jeopardy: Rome Review

... He divided the Roman Empire to make ruling the empire more efficient and his decision enabled the empire to hold on for another 200+ years. ...
MODULE 5 TRAVEL JOURNAL NOTES
MODULE 5 TRAVEL JOURNAL NOTES

... -What were the main events and the key result of the three Punic Wars? Specific questions to answer: 1. Who did Rome fight? 2. Why did Rome fight during the Punic Wars? 3. What did Rome have to build into to fight again Carthage? 4. As a result of the 1st Punic Wars, what did Rome win? 5. Who was Ha ...
The Punic Wars
The Punic Wars

plebeian
plebeian

Belegstelle: CEACelio 00003
Belegstelle: CEACelio 00003

Objective: Students will describe the influence of Julius Caesar on
Objective: Students will describe the influence of Julius Caesar on

julius caesar before the play begins
julius caesar before the play begins

... Photo from HBO’s Rome, which chronicles the rise of the Roman Empire You are traveling back in time to visit the Roman Republic in 44B.C. The republic is an early proto-democracy, in which the wealthy high status men known as patricians elect representatives. Our contemporary Senate is modeled after ...
Caesar, Cicero, and the End of the Republic
Caesar, Cicero, and the End of the Republic

... - political oratory - philosophy - almost 1000 letters - even some poetry Cicero was not only a master of the Latin language, but also a remarkably versatile intellectual. In later Roman and especially European tradition, his works were widely copied, read, imitated, and admired. At left, the fronti ...
section 2 - Plainview Schools
section 2 - Plainview Schools

... crossed the Alps with his war elephants. ...
punic wars 274to 146b.c. first punic war to
punic wars 274to 146b.c. first punic war to

... The period of the Punic and Macedonian Wars was a critical one in Rome's history. At the dawn of the Punic Wars, in 264 B.C., Rome was master of Italy, but controlled no colonies or provinces outside of the Peninsula. She had neither a navy nor a merchant based economy. One hundred and twenty years ...
The Gracchi Brothers
The Gracchi Brothers

... • Furious at his brother’s murder, continued in his footsteps (“Those worst of men have murdered the best of men, my brother!”) • Also a quaestor, when running for tribune election, so many came to vote that there was not enough room in the city! • Re-Elected without running ...
David Rafferty, The Fall of the Roman Republic
David Rafferty, The Fall of the Roman Republic

Name: Date - Mr. Dowling
Name: Date - Mr. Dowling

... became the sole ruler of Rome upon the death of Marc Antony. Octavian earned the loyalty of the Roman soldiers by providing the men with land. The soldiers retired, but because Octavian was Caesar, he knew he could count on their support if the Senate challenged his authority. Octavian lived a modes ...
DOC - Mr. Dowling
DOC - Mr. Dowling

... became the sole ruler of Rome upon the death of Marc Antony. Octavian earned the loyalty of the Roman soldiers by providing the men with land. The soldiers retired, but because Octavian was Caesar, he knew he could count on their support if the Senate challenged his authority. Octavian lived a modes ...
Life as a Patrician (Noble) in Ancient Rome
Life as a Patrician (Noble) in Ancient Rome

... and Rome's political structures changed, the patrician class expanded to include families that were not even native to the region. Wealth could help a new family to aspire to patrician class, but money alone did not guarantee the political and social standing that brought a family close to the emper ...
Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar

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The Roman Forum

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Caesar Notes

Pfingsten-8-Punic Wars
Pfingsten-8-Punic Wars

The Aureus – A Golden Newspaper
The Aureus – A Golden Newspaper

... The youthful looking man on the obverse of this aureus was the most powerful man of his time: Augustus, sole ruler of the Roman Empire. Officially however, the power in the state lay with the senate; Augustus himself only held the position of a consul – even though one with a wide scope of authority ...
Name: Date:
Name: Date:

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Promagistrate

A promagistrate (Latin: pro magistratu) is a person who acts in and with the authority and capacity of a magistrate, but without holding a magisterial office. A legal innovation of the Roman Republic, the promagistracy was invented in order to provide Rome with governors of overseas territories instead of having to elect more magistrates each year. Promagistrates were appointed by senatus consultum; like all acts of the Roman Senate, these appointments were not entirely legal and could be overruled by the Roman assemblies, e.g., the replacement of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Numidicus by Gaius Marius during the Jugurthine War.Promagistrates were usually either proquaestors (acting in place of quaestors), propraetors, acting in place of praetors, or proconsuls acting in place of consuls. A promagistrate held equal authority to the equivalent magistrate, was attended by the same number of lictors, and generally speaking had autocratic power within his province, be it territorial or otherwise. Promagistrates usually had already held the office in whose stead they were acting, although this was not mandatory.One should also mention here the procurator, a posting originally as a financial manager in a province, a position which held no magisterial power until Claudius gave them his power in the mid 40s AD, enabling them to administer provinces.The institution of promagistracies developed because the Romans found it inconvenient to continue adding ordinary magistracies to administer their newly acquired overseas possessions. Therefore, they adopted the practice of appointing an individual to act in place or capacity of (pro) a magistrate (magistratu); a promagistrate was literally a lieutenant. Subsequently, when Pompeius Magnus was given proconsular imperium to fight against Quintus Sertorius, the Senate made a point of distinguishing that he was not actually being appointed a promagistrate: he was appointed to act not in place of a consul (pro consule), but on behalf of the consuls (pro consulibus).The Roman legal concept of imperium meant that an ""imperial"" magistrate or promagistrate had absolute authority within the competence of his office; a promagistrate with imperium appointed to govern a province, therefore, had absolute authority within his capacity as governor of that province; indeed, the word provincia referred both to the governor's office or jurisdiction and to the territory he governed. A provincial governor had almost totally unlimited authority, and frequently extorted vast amounts of money from the provincial population — he had total immunity from prosecution during his term in office. It became fairly common for provincial governors to seek continual election to office to avoid trial for extortion and bribery, two famous examples being Gaius Verres and Lucius Sergius Catilina.The near limitless power of a high-ranking promagistrate has led to the term ""proconsul"" being used to designate any high-ranking and authoritative official appointed from above (or from without) to govern a territory without regard for local political institutions (i.e., one who is not elected and whose authority supersedes that of local officials). One of the most prominent examples of this is Douglas MacArthur, who was given vast powers to implement reform and recovery efforts in Japan after World War II, and has been described occasionally as ""the American proconsul of Japan"".
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