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The Problem of Quirinius census
The Problem of Quirinius census

... found this tax set down in Caesar's memoranda. It was, in fact, a method which had been introduced once before, but had been abolished later, and was now revived. In this way, then, he increased the revenues." (Roman History LV 25:56) In 6 CE Caesar Augustus issued a worldwide decree that for a seco ...
Rise of an Empire
Rise of an Empire

Introduction - Franz Steiner Verlag
Introduction - Franz Steiner Verlag

... 15 B. C. The rebellions of the Pannonians, who sometimes had the Dalmatians as allies, continued over the following years, 14, 13, 12, 11, 9 and 8 B. C.14 Some of these events were recorded by Velleius Paterculus.15 In the beginning, Agrippa and M. Vinicius were in charge of the military operations. ...
Julius Caesar was a late Republic statesman and general who
Julius Caesar was a late Republic statesman and general who

... connotations that the modern use of the word evokes, the Roman dictator was appointed by the senate during times of emergency as a unilateral decision­maker who could act more quickly than the usual bureaucratic processes of the Republican government would allow. Upon bringing the Roman state out of ...
Skyscrapers of Rome - PDXScholar
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... power.  Vespasian constructed one of the most famous Roman buildings, the Coliseum.  Vespasian, who ruled from 69 A.D.  to 79 A.D., started the construction of the Coliseum, but it  was later finished during the reign of his son, Titus. A giant amphitheater where people came to  view gladiator fight ...
Roman Power and the Mediterranean World
Roman Power and the Mediterranean World

... Sardinia, Spain, Gaul, North Africa and then Greece in the 2nd century B.C.E. Rome rapidly extended her domain into a massive empire after her success in limiting Carthaginian power. Rome then extended her frontiers northwards into Spain and Gaul, and in the first century B.C.E. rapidly extended her ...
Περίληψη : Χρονολόγηση Γεωγραφικός εντοπισμός
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... The emperor greatly cared for price control, issuing an edict (Edictum de maximis pretiis), which aimed to control the unreasonable inflation in the prices of products. It was a very detailed and thorough edict, which was publicly posted in all the cities of the Empire: it set firm limits on the pri ...
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Roman History - St John Brebeuf

... One of Caesar’s most important generals Became Caesar’s co-consul in 44 B.C. Big Trouble in Little Rome Senate ordered Caesar to lay down his command • He had also been told that he would face prosecution upon his return to Rome as a private citizen • This could mean either exile or death  49 B. ...
The Roman Republic - users.miamioh.edu
The Roman Republic - users.miamioh.edu

... A court-martial composed of the tribunes im­ mediately sits to try him [a soldier}, and if he is found guilty, he is punished by beating (jus­ tuarium). This is carried out as follows. The tri­ bune takes a cudgel and lightly touches the condemned man with it, whereupon all the soldiers fall upon hi ...
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The City in Decline: Rome in Late Antiquity

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Aeneas settles down in Latium.
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... • And so when those who had committed crime in other places, and had to flee to escape punishment, found out that Romulus would give them a refuge, they came in large numbers to his city. People also came who had been driven from home by enemies, or had run away for one reason or another. It was no ...
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... own individual welfare. Second, the organization of the Republic fostered a small number of families and clans fighting for pre-eminence. Pre-eminence was gained by serving Rome. The Roman Republic was based on a constant striving for auctoritas, on having a prestige based on family eminence and ind ...
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... features show the veristic style of Republican portraiture of the lst half of the First century BCE. He is depicted as addressing his constituents (Adlocutio). "Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus": Marble reliefs which decorated a statue base set up in Rome in front of the temple of Neptune in Circo Flam ...
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Cimbri and Teutons - waughfamily.ca

Julius Caesar - Brookings School District
Julius Caesar - Brookings School District

... funeral, Caesar announced that he had traced his family line all the way back to Romulus, the founder of Rome. The Roman crowds loved him for the story. In 65BCE, Caesar was elected to direct public works and games. In 62BCE, he became praetor, or judicial magistrate. When his term was over, he was ...
The Roman Republic
The Roman Republic

... B.C., the Romans revolted. They expelled the last Etruscan king, Tarquinius Superbus (pronounced "tahr­ KWIN­ee­us soo­PUR­bus", also known as Tarquin the Proud).      With the Etruscans gone, the Romans decided that they would never want to go back to the days of monarchy. To avoid giving too much  ...
Rome grew quickly. Romulus solved the problem of
Rome grew quickly. Romulus solved the problem of

... family, who were not native Romans but rather of Greek and Etruscan heritage. The first two Tarquin kings, Tarquin the Elder, and Servius Tullius were worthy kings who did much good for the city. Under their reigns the swamp in the center of Rome was drained and the Forum was built. They constructed ...
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Promagistrate

A promagistrate (Latin: pro magistratu) is a person who acts in and with the authority and capacity of a magistrate, but without holding a magisterial office. A legal innovation of the Roman Republic, the promagistracy was invented in order to provide Rome with governors of overseas territories instead of having to elect more magistrates each year. Promagistrates were appointed by senatus consultum; like all acts of the Roman Senate, these appointments were not entirely legal and could be overruled by the Roman assemblies, e.g., the replacement of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Numidicus by Gaius Marius during the Jugurthine War.Promagistrates were usually either proquaestors (acting in place of quaestors), propraetors, acting in place of praetors, or proconsuls acting in place of consuls. A promagistrate held equal authority to the equivalent magistrate, was attended by the same number of lictors, and generally speaking had autocratic power within his province, be it territorial or otherwise. Promagistrates usually had already held the office in whose stead they were acting, although this was not mandatory.One should also mention here the procurator, a posting originally as a financial manager in a province, a position which held no magisterial power until Claudius gave them his power in the mid 40s AD, enabling them to administer provinces.The institution of promagistracies developed because the Romans found it inconvenient to continue adding ordinary magistracies to administer their newly acquired overseas possessions. Therefore, they adopted the practice of appointing an individual to act in place or capacity of (pro) a magistrate (magistratu); a promagistrate was literally a lieutenant. Subsequently, when Pompeius Magnus was given proconsular imperium to fight against Quintus Sertorius, the Senate made a point of distinguishing that he was not actually being appointed a promagistrate: he was appointed to act not in place of a consul (pro consule), but on behalf of the consuls (pro consulibus).The Roman legal concept of imperium meant that an ""imperial"" magistrate or promagistrate had absolute authority within the competence of his office; a promagistrate with imperium appointed to govern a province, therefore, had absolute authority within his capacity as governor of that province; indeed, the word provincia referred both to the governor's office or jurisdiction and to the territory he governed. A provincial governor had almost totally unlimited authority, and frequently extorted vast amounts of money from the provincial population — he had total immunity from prosecution during his term in office. It became fairly common for provincial governors to seek continual election to office to avoid trial for extortion and bribery, two famous examples being Gaius Verres and Lucius Sergius Catilina.The near limitless power of a high-ranking promagistrate has led to the term ""proconsul"" being used to designate any high-ranking and authoritative official appointed from above (or from without) to govern a territory without regard for local political institutions (i.e., one who is not elected and whose authority supersedes that of local officials). One of the most prominent examples of this is Douglas MacArthur, who was given vast powers to implement reform and recovery efforts in Japan after World War II, and has been described occasionally as ""the American proconsul of Japan"".
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