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A process for analysis of microarray comparative genomics
A process for analysis of microarray comparative genomics

... been used to study numerous biological problems including understanding genome plasticity in pathogenic bacteria. Typically such experiments produce large data sets that are difficult for biologists to handle. Although there are some programmes available for interpretation of bacterial transcriptomi ...
SNPs
SNPs

... Before 1980, genetic maps were constructed by measuring recombination frequencies between genes giving measurable phenotypic traits This goes back at least to Sturtevandt and Morgan, if not to Mendel At that time, phenotypes were the only visible aspect of the genome ...
Horizontal transfer generates genetic variation in an asexual
Horizontal transfer generates genetic variation in an asexual

IMSR File Format
IMSR File Format

... The baseURL attribute, paired with a strain specific peice of data, forms the total URL which takes the user to a page at the submitting facility giving further strain information. The baseURL attribute holds the part of the URL common to all strains in a facility. For example, if a strain’s total U ...
Widespread expression of the bovine Agouti gene results from at
Widespread expression of the bovine Agouti gene results from at

... in the two other species. The second region corresponds to the exon 1A and to the beginning of the subsequent intron, which could be a part of the exon in the other species or an important regulatory sequence. The third region matches 2A-1B-3A exons. ...
Figure 15 - GEP Community Server
Figure 15 - GEP Community Server

Causes, consequences and solutions of
Causes, consequences and solutions of

... The widespread occurrences of phylogenetic incongruence among methods and also among genes are well-known [10, 11]. Although there is no doubt about the existence of statistically significant incongruence among different tree reconstruction methods, but statistically significant incongruence among g ...
Open Access - Cambridge Neuroscience
Open Access - Cambridge Neuroscience

... (rs10873824, rs4144887, rs12130910 rs2809115) were nominally significant (lowest p-value 3.278 61024). Three of the SNPs of interest are located within, or near to, known genes (FAM43A, SFT2D1, C14orf64). The SNP that showed the strongest association, rs789859, is located in a region on chromosome 3 ...
Archives of Microbiology 167:
Archives of Microbiology 167:

... regions as analyzed by comparisons of sequences encoding similar enzymes (Fig. 2b; Siggaard-Anderson 1993) The active site for KS enzymes has the consensus motif GPX5TACSS (underlined region in Fig. 2b), where the cysteine (indicated by an asterisk in Fig. 2b) is important in thioester formation (Do ...
Galaxy Basics: DataSet Manipulation inside of Galaxy
Galaxy Basics: DataSet Manipulation inside of Galaxy

... The “cut” job and new dataset should transition from queued -> in progress -> completed/successful. View the dataset’s content in the Galaxy browser by “Poking the eye” (click on the “eye” icon). Notice that there are duplicate entries in the list. Rename the dataset to something more meaningful: “A ...
The eukaryotic genome: a system regulated at different hierarchical
The eukaryotic genome: a system regulated at different hierarchical

... identified in a variety of loci (Li et al., 1999; Li et al., 2002). Activation of a genomic domain by such control elements is necessary for activation of individual genes in the cluster but may not be sufficient. The second class of element comprises the enhancers and promoters that decide the acti ...
Prevention of DNA Rereplication Through a Meiotic Recombination
Prevention of DNA Rereplication Through a Meiotic Recombination

... kinase inhibitor Sic1 during meiosis can trigger extra rounds of DNA replication. When programmed DNA double-strand breaks are generated but not repaired due to absence of DMC1, a pathway involving the checkpoint gene RAD17 prevents this DNA rereplication. Further genetic analysis has now reveale ...
(2016) Novel constructs for efficient cloning
(2016) Novel constructs for efficient cloning

... CRISPR/Cas [clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR-associated (Cas)] as a gene knock-out or knock-in platform has become widely used, greatly enhancing plant biology study and crop genetic improvements. However, atasiRNA (also amiRNA) technology is a very diff ...
Detection of Polymorphism of Growth Hormone Gene for the
Detection of Polymorphism of Growth Hormone Gene for the

... The PCR amplification generated a 428 bp segment template DNA was made. Then, PCR tubes were kept in a pre-programmed thermocycler (PTC-200, MJ Research, from growth hormone gene in cattle, thus it indicates strong conservation of DNA sequence being existed in the species USA) for amplification. Two ...
Application of a Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Method to
Application of a Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Method to

... of DNA using the DNA Stool Mini Kit was rapid and may be a better choice if the processing time is critical. The DNA Stool method took half the time for DNA extraction, and the increase in Ct value was only 1-2 cycles. For spiked egg samples, the Ct values from the CTAB method were 23 for the ricin ...
Module 5: Alternative Open Reading Frame
Module 5: Alternative Open Reading Frame

Bioinformatics with basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) and
Bioinformatics with basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) and

PDF
PDF

... affect the next generation when inherited from the mother. Maternal effect genes play an essential role in early development in many animal species (Riechmann and Ephrussi, 2001; Sardet et al., 2004). In plants, the maternal contribution to early developmental phases is still unclear. The flowering ...
Simplified Insertion of Transgenes Onto Balancer Chromosomes via
Simplified Insertion of Transgenes Onto Balancer Chromosomes via

... Furthermore, autosomal balancers have been engineered to carry the cell death promoter hid in an effort to simplify fly sorting during gene replacement by homologous recombination (Huang et al. 2008). Thus, a pattern exists in which the development of new genetic technologies consistently leads resea ...
Analysis of the mitochondrial COI gene and its
Analysis of the mitochondrial COI gene and its

... markers used in molecular systematics. Portions of this gene are often used to infer phylogenies. In addition, COI is currently the focus of considerable interest, especially its 5' portion, which is used by the DNA Barcoding Consortium (Hebert et al., 2003; Stoeckle, 2003). This region is comprised ...
Chapter 18
Chapter 18

... as the bacterial cell will likely die soon and the phage needs to get out quick. In addition, lytic is favored when nutrients are plentiful allowing the phage to makes lots more of itself, while the lysogenic is favored when nutrients are in low concentration within the bacterium. This makes sense a ...
Factors Affecting synonymous codon Usage Bias in chloroplast
Factors Affecting synonymous codon Usage Bias in chloroplast

... maximize the accuracy of translation; by using codons which match common tRNAs or which bind the tRNA efficiently, it is thought that the time to find and bind the correct tRNA is minimized, along with the probability of misincorporating an incorrect tRNA. Both missense and processivity errors can p ...
Lack of biological significance in the `linguistic features` of
Lack of biological significance in the `linguistic features` of

... indistinguishable graphs. We obtained essentially the same ‘negative’ result for many different natural DNAs, among others: (i) the human HSRETBLAS (cf. above), and (ii) the E.coli sequence ECUW89 (cf. above); see Figure 4b. These results demonstrate quantitatively that the Zipf analysis (2) is unab ...
Identification and characterisation of Bacillus subtilis as cellulase
Identification and characterisation of Bacillus subtilis as cellulase

... C12 and EB6 were amplified using specific primers L15 and L73 to determine the presence of genes encoding cellulase CelL15 and CelL73 respectively. The presence of the expected lengths of nucleotide bands at 1,500 bp and 730 bp respectively, indicated the presence of the putative cellulase genes in ...
CHAPTER 5 General discussion - UvA-DARE
CHAPTER 5 General discussion - UvA-DARE

... suggestingg that genetically diverse regions were present. 2) We observed that fusion productss initially contained both hph and ble genes, but eventually lost the phleomycin markerr (Chapter 4, Fig. 3A). The loss of the ble marker might be the result of nondisjunctionall haploidization. Sincee hapl ...
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Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or ""molecular scissors."" The nucleases create specific double-stranded break (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome, and harness the cell’s endogenous mechanisms to repair the induced break by natural processes of homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). There are currently four families of engineered nucleases being used: Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, and engineered meganuclease re-engineered homing endonucleases.It is commonly practiced in genetic analysis that in order to understand the function of a gene or a protein function one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way and monitors its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to perform site-specific mutagenesis, and therefore more indirect methods have to be used, such as silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA) . Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN is different from siRNA in that the engineered nuclease is able to modify DNA-binding specificity and therefore can in principle cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce modification of the endogenous sequences for genes that are impossible to specifically target by conventional RNAi. Furthermore, the specificity of ZFNs and TALENs are enhanced as two ZFNs are required in the recognition of their portion of the target and subsequently direct to the neighboring sequences.It was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year.
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