Biology 303 EXAM II 3/14/00 NAME
... operon, produces high amount of ß-galactosidase. What is a possible genotype of the cells? (I = lac repressor gene; Z, Y, A = lac operon structural genes; P = lac promoter; ...
... operon, produces high amount of ß-galactosidase. What is a possible genotype of the cells? (I = lac repressor gene; Z, Y, A = lac operon structural genes; P = lac promoter; ...
slides
... lab E. coli contains 10-20 different transposons, with many having multiple copies. Transposons move within a DNA molecule by using a special recombination enzymes - transposases - encoded by the transposon. Sequences in red are recognized only by the particular transposase encoded. Transposons can ...
... lab E. coli contains 10-20 different transposons, with many having multiple copies. Transposons move within a DNA molecule by using a special recombination enzymes - transposases - encoded by the transposon. Sequences in red are recognized only by the particular transposase encoded. Transposons can ...
Complex Germline Architecture: Two Genes
... sometimes called nanochromosomes (Doak et al. 2003) because of their size and because they typically contain just one gene each. These together comprise the gene-dense somatic genome. The process of deletion of up to 98% of the germline DNA removes internal eliminated segments (IES) that interrupt g ...
... sometimes called nanochromosomes (Doak et al. 2003) because of their size and because they typically contain just one gene each. These together comprise the gene-dense somatic genome. The process of deletion of up to 98% of the germline DNA removes internal eliminated segments (IES) that interrupt g ...
RT-PCR lab
... DNA unwind to allow synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA) from one strand (the coding strand) • The mRNA moves out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm • mRNA binds to Ribosomes to code for a protein- protein made (translation) • Protein carries out intent of gene (red hair protein = hair gene) ...
... DNA unwind to allow synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA) from one strand (the coding strand) • The mRNA moves out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm • mRNA binds to Ribosomes to code for a protein- protein made (translation) • Protein carries out intent of gene (red hair protein = hair gene) ...
Genome Organization
... from shortening during replication. – Other minisatellites are “hypervariable”, meaning that the number of copies of the repeat varies greatly among people. This property makes them useful for DNA fingerprinting: getting a unique DNA profile for individuals using a single probe. These hypervariable ...
... from shortening during replication. – Other minisatellites are “hypervariable”, meaning that the number of copies of the repeat varies greatly among people. This property makes them useful for DNA fingerprinting: getting a unique DNA profile for individuals using a single probe. These hypervariable ...
Bioinformatics/Computational Biological Applications of
... between samples either explicity or implicitly and this is a major determinant of their performance • e.g. the hierarchical clustering discussed in previous lectures typically has a (dis)similarity matrix passed into the function so that the particular similarity measure used is decoupled from the c ...
... between samples either explicity or implicitly and this is a major determinant of their performance • e.g. the hierarchical clustering discussed in previous lectures typically has a (dis)similarity matrix passed into the function so that the particular similarity measure used is decoupled from the c ...
Discussion-Activity-GATTACA
... condition, 42% of being manic depressive, 89% of having ADD, 99% of having heart disease. How accurate are these predictions for the various disorders? Diagnosis is generally given based on studied correlation of what has happened to people with the same genetic allele in the past. Hence, it is a st ...
... condition, 42% of being manic depressive, 89% of having ADD, 99% of having heart disease. How accurate are these predictions for the various disorders? Diagnosis is generally given based on studied correlation of what has happened to people with the same genetic allele in the past. Hence, it is a st ...
Nerve activates contraction
... • Almost all of the DNA in a eukaryotic cells is subdivided into chromosomes in the nucleus. • Tiny amounts of DNA are found in mitochondria and chloroplasts. ...
... • Almost all of the DNA in a eukaryotic cells is subdivided into chromosomes in the nucleus. • Tiny amounts of DNA are found in mitochondria and chloroplasts. ...
Heredity and Environment
... 2- Messenger RNA (mRNA): a type of RNA synthesized from DNA; attaches to ribosomes to specify the sequence of amino acids that form proteins. 3- Translation: the transfer of information from an RNA molecule into a Polypeptide, in which language of the nucleic acids is translated into that of amino a ...
... 2- Messenger RNA (mRNA): a type of RNA synthesized from DNA; attaches to ribosomes to specify the sequence of amino acids that form proteins. 3- Translation: the transfer of information from an RNA molecule into a Polypeptide, in which language of the nucleic acids is translated into that of amino a ...
Isolation and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Final Third of Satis
... known previously characterized cluster and is considered a Singleton phage. The genome contains 325 protein coding genes, of which our group analyzed Gene 230 to the end of the genome. The vast majority of the genes in this sec)on run 3’ to 5’ and compared to the other tw ...
... known previously characterized cluster and is considered a Singleton phage. The genome contains 325 protein coding genes, of which our group analyzed Gene 230 to the end of the genome. The vast majority of the genes in this sec)on run 3’ to 5’ and compared to the other tw ...
Genomics
... the genetic mapping and DNA sequencing of sets of genes or the complete genomes of selected organisms using high-speed methods, with organizing the results in databases, and with applications of the data (as in medicine or biology) ...
... the genetic mapping and DNA sequencing of sets of genes or the complete genomes of selected organisms using high-speed methods, with organizing the results in databases, and with applications of the data (as in medicine or biology) ...
Timeline of Genetic Engineering
... out of a persons chromosome b. Restriction enzymes cut DNA between base pairs c. DNA from a plasmid (found in bacteria) is cut open using the same enzyme d. Cut between specific DNA sequence producing ...
... out of a persons chromosome b. Restriction enzymes cut DNA between base pairs c. DNA from a plasmid (found in bacteria) is cut open using the same enzyme d. Cut between specific DNA sequence producing ...
how snps help researchers find the genetic
... To understand how invaluable SNPs are in tracking down mutations that cause disease, you have to appreciate the immense size of genome. Consider this: if each of the DNA molecules in our genome was about the size of a ping pong ball, the long unraveled chain of molecules would circle the earth 3 tim ...
... To understand how invaluable SNPs are in tracking down mutations that cause disease, you have to appreciate the immense size of genome. Consider this: if each of the DNA molecules in our genome was about the size of a ping pong ball, the long unraveled chain of molecules would circle the earth 3 tim ...
GENETICS I. Review of DNA/RNA – A. Basic Structure – DNA 3
... a) The two genes controlling these traits are sex-linked b) The two genes controlling these traits might be on different chromosomes c) The two genes controlling these traits are linked with no crossing over d) The two genes controlling these traits are nearby on the same chromosome e) The two genes ...
... a) The two genes controlling these traits are sex-linked b) The two genes controlling these traits might be on different chromosomes c) The two genes controlling these traits are linked with no crossing over d) The two genes controlling these traits are nearby on the same chromosome e) The two genes ...
Chapter 13
... - contains “codons” that code for individual amino acids 2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - a component of the ribosome 3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) - “Transfers” the info on the mRNA to an amino acid sequence (protein). - contains “anticodons” that complement the codons on mRNA. ...
... - contains “codons” that code for individual amino acids 2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - a component of the ribosome 3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) - “Transfers” the info on the mRNA to an amino acid sequence (protein). - contains “anticodons” that complement the codons on mRNA. ...
Human Genome Project - the Centre for Applied Genomics
... Human dna looks like a twisted ladder with three billion rungs. If unwound, your dna would stretch over five feet, but it is only 50 trillionths of an inch wide. The total amount of dna in the 100 trillion or so cells in the human body laid end to end would run to the sun and back some 20 times. The ...
... Human dna looks like a twisted ladder with three billion rungs. If unwound, your dna would stretch over five feet, but it is only 50 trillionths of an inch wide. The total amount of dna in the 100 trillion or so cells in the human body laid end to end would run to the sun and back some 20 times. The ...
ppt - Sol Genomics Network
... Typically, genome projects undergo particular phases: Sequenced BACs are annotated Gene models are published to the community Potentially generates competition rather than collaboration among groups ...
... Typically, genome projects undergo particular phases: Sequenced BACs are annotated Gene models are published to the community Potentially generates competition rather than collaboration among groups ...
Text S1.
... not the product of protein-coding transcript read-through (rt). (Here we use the term noncoding transcript in an operational sense, i.e. those transcripts that were classified as independently transcribed non-coding transcripts by our filters, and thus include unrecognized splice variants of pc gene ...
... not the product of protein-coding transcript read-through (rt). (Here we use the term noncoding transcript in an operational sense, i.e. those transcripts that were classified as independently transcribed non-coding transcripts by our filters, and thus include unrecognized splice variants of pc gene ...
Day1-UVM-2ndvisit-Pombe
... • Grow the yeast and treat the control group with buffer (HBSS) and the treated group with buffer containing 0.5 mM H2O2 • Isolate RNA from the yeast grown in two different conditions, prepare target from it and use it on microarrays to see changes in gene expression ...
... • Grow the yeast and treat the control group with buffer (HBSS) and the treated group with buffer containing 0.5 mM H2O2 • Isolate RNA from the yeast grown in two different conditions, prepare target from it and use it on microarrays to see changes in gene expression ...
Chromosomes & Inheritance
... • Production of offspring with new combinations of traits inherited from two parents • If unlinked, there is a 50% frequency of recombination ...
... • Production of offspring with new combinations of traits inherited from two parents • If unlinked, there is a 50% frequency of recombination ...
ppt - Sol Genomics Network
... - all available full-length tomato genes in GENBANK - TIGR full-length cDNA sequences (redundantly sequenced) - SGN unigene contigs with 5 or more ESTs - redundnacy correction 456 of 8,097 genes found in available genome sequence (5.6%) Correcting for 85% expectation yields 6.6% of target gene space ...
... - all available full-length tomato genes in GENBANK - TIGR full-length cDNA sequences (redundantly sequenced) - SGN unigene contigs with 5 or more ESTs - redundnacy correction 456 of 8,097 genes found in available genome sequence (5.6%) Correcting for 85% expectation yields 6.6% of target gene space ...
Genes Expression or Genes and How They Work: Transcription
... Basal factors are essential for transcription but cannot by themselves increase or decrease its rate. A second set of transcription factors called coactivators link the basal factor proteins called ...
... Basal factors are essential for transcription but cannot by themselves increase or decrease its rate. A second set of transcription factors called coactivators link the basal factor proteins called ...
Nucleotide Sequence Databases
... • REFERENCE: credits author(s) who initially determined the sequence; includes ...
... • REFERENCE: credits author(s) who initially determined the sequence; includes ...
Chapter 8 Gene Transfer in Bacteria Conjugation Hfr Cells
... • Some carry resistance to multiple antibiotics • Can be transferred among bacterial species ...
... • Some carry resistance to multiple antibiotics • Can be transferred among bacterial species ...
Human genome
The human genome is the complete set of nucleic acid sequence for humans (Homo sapiens), encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA genes and noncoding DNA. Haploid human genomes, which are contained in germ cells (the egg and sperm gamete cells created in the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction before fertilization creates a zygote) consist of three billion DNA base pairs, while diploid genomes (found in somatic cells) have twice the DNA content. While there are significant differences among the genomes of human individuals (on the order of 0.1%), these are considerably smaller than the differences between humans and their closest living relatives, the chimpanzees (approximately 4%) and bonobos. Humans share 50% of their DNA with bananas.The Human Genome Project produced the first complete sequences of individual human genomes, with the first draft sequence and initial analysis being published on February 12, 2001. The human genome was the first of all vertebrates to be completely sequenced. As of 2012, thousands of human genomes have been completely sequenced, and many more have been mapped at lower levels of resolution. The resulting data are used worldwide in biomedical science, anthropology, forensics and other branches of science. There is a widely held expectation that genomic studies will lead to advances in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and to new insights in many fields of biology, including human evolution.Although the sequence of the human genome has been (almost) completely determined by DNA sequencing, it is not yet fully understood. Most (though probably not all) genes have been identified by a combination of high throughput experimental and bioinformatics approaches, yet much work still needs to be done to further elucidate the biological functions of their protein and RNA products. Recent results suggest that most of the vast quantities of noncoding DNA within the genome have associated biochemical activities, including regulation of gene expression, organization of chromosome architecture, and signals controlling epigenetic inheritance.There are an estimated 20,000-25,000 human protein-coding genes. The estimate of the number of human genes has been repeatedly revised down from initial predictions of 100,000 or more as genome sequence quality and gene finding methods have improved, and could continue to drop further. Protein-coding sequences account for only a very small fraction of the genome (approximately 1.5%), and the rest is associated with non-coding RNA molecules, regulatory DNA sequences, LINEs, SINEs, introns, and sequences for which as yet no function has been elucidated.