CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
... Soya beans were one of the first pulses cultivated by man (Cronje , 1997). The soya bean (Glycine max (L.) (Merrill, family Leguminosae) undoubtedly originated in the Orient , probably China . As early as the sixteenth century, it was exported from Eastern Asia to Europe. Soya beans were first intro ...
... Soya beans were one of the first pulses cultivated by man (Cronje , 1997). The soya bean (Glycine max (L.) (Merrill, family Leguminosae) undoubtedly originated in the Orient , probably China . As early as the sixteenth century, it was exported from Eastern Asia to Europe. Soya beans were first intro ...
The Genera Staphylococcus and Macrococcus
... (Roseville, Australia), is distributed by International Bioproducts, Inc. (Redmond, WA, USA), and an RPLA is available from Oxoid (Columbia, MD, USA). Molecular methods are being investigated for their usefulness in detecting staphylococcal enterotoxin. For example, Western immunoblotting has been u ...
... (Roseville, Australia), is distributed by International Bioproducts, Inc. (Redmond, WA, USA), and an RPLA is available from Oxoid (Columbia, MD, USA). Molecular methods are being investigated for their usefulness in detecting staphylococcal enterotoxin. For example, Western immunoblotting has been u ...
- VU Research Repository
... One of the major yeast stressors during fermentation is ethanol accumulation. Ethanol stress is associated with reduced cell growth and viability, consequently lowering yeast productivity. Although the underlying causes of ethanol inhibition of cells are yet to be identified, it has been discovered ...
... One of the major yeast stressors during fermentation is ethanol accumulation. Ethanol stress is associated with reduced cell growth and viability, consequently lowering yeast productivity. Although the underlying causes of ethanol inhibition of cells are yet to be identified, it has been discovered ...
Interactions between Methadone and Medications Used to Treat HIV
... or associated with increased side effects and toxicities. This review was undertaken to clarify what is known about interactions between pharmacotherapies of opiate dependence and HIV-related medications, to suggest clinically useful approaches to these issues, and to outline areas which need furthe ...
... or associated with increased side effects and toxicities. This review was undertaken to clarify what is known about interactions between pharmacotherapies of opiate dependence and HIV-related medications, to suggest clinically useful approaches to these issues, and to outline areas which need furthe ...
Glycation by Ascorbic Acid Causes Loss of Activity of Ribulose
... glycation process. This rate of loss of Lys residues was higher than that of incorporation of AsA, e.g. for 3 d incubation, eight Lys residues per holoenzyme were lost (Table 1) while 1.5–2 mole of AsA was attached to one holoenzyme (Fig. 1). This is probably due to linkage by one AsA molecule betwe ...
... glycation process. This rate of loss of Lys residues was higher than that of incorporation of AsA, e.g. for 3 d incubation, eight Lys residues per holoenzyme were lost (Table 1) while 1.5–2 mole of AsA was attached to one holoenzyme (Fig. 1). This is probably due to linkage by one AsA molecule betwe ...
Lessons from the Genome Sequence of Neurospora crassa: Tracing
... and Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon 9700624; Department of Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 4321025; The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 2087826; and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California ...
... and Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon 9700624; Department of Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 4321025; The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 2087826; and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California ...
Transcription factor Sp3 is silenced through - IMT
... et al., 2001). In the course of these studies we realized that this lysine lies within a motif (IKEE, amino acids 422±425 according to Kingsley and Winoto, 1992) that could act as a target for SUMO modi®cation (Melchior, 2000). SUMO-modi®ed proteins have an ~20 kDa higher apparent molecular weight c ...
... et al., 2001). In the course of these studies we realized that this lysine lies within a motif (IKEE, amino acids 422±425 according to Kingsley and Winoto, 1992) that could act as a target for SUMO modi®cation (Melchior, 2000). SUMO-modi®ed proteins have an ~20 kDa higher apparent molecular weight c ...
CHRYSAORA QUINQUECIRRHA) Research Article
... Furthermore, collagen is used as a moisturizer in cosmetic creams [14]. Moisturizers are employed for the therapy of so-called ‘dry skin’. Lipids work by the principle of occlusion, whereas humectants, such as collagen, attract water in the stratum corneum. In contrast to low molecular weight humect ...
... Furthermore, collagen is used as a moisturizer in cosmetic creams [14]. Moisturizers are employed for the therapy of so-called ‘dry skin’. Lipids work by the principle of occlusion, whereas humectants, such as collagen, attract water in the stratum corneum. In contrast to low molecular weight humect ...
post- translational modifications
... Post-translational modifications (PTMs) enable the cell to change the properties and activities of proteins after expression. Most of the PTMs are catalyzed by specialized enzymes. Practically all proteinogenic amino acids can be modified, thus PTMs considerably increase the diversity of protein str ...
... Post-translational modifications (PTMs) enable the cell to change the properties and activities of proteins after expression. Most of the PTMs are catalyzed by specialized enzymes. Practically all proteinogenic amino acids can be modified, thus PTMs considerably increase the diversity of protein str ...
BACILLUS SPHAERICUS TOXINS: Molecular Biology and Mode of
... B.sphaericus (56) is an aerobic bacterium that produces terminal spherical spores. It lacks several biochemical pathways and thus can not use sugars as metabolites. The findings of various genetic and biochemical studies indicate that this species is heterogeneous. The increasing number of isolated ...
... B.sphaericus (56) is an aerobic bacterium that produces terminal spherical spores. It lacks several biochemical pathways and thus can not use sugars as metabolites. The findings of various genetic and biochemical studies indicate that this species is heterogeneous. The increasing number of isolated ...
C H A P
... of the lipase(s) produced by this bacterium remain almost unknown, since only related enzymes such as H. pylori phospholipases A2 and C have been cloned and/or characterized (Weitkamp et al., 1993; Dorrell et al., 1999; General Introduction 3.4.2). Therefore, this chapter is focused on the isolation ...
... of the lipase(s) produced by this bacterium remain almost unknown, since only related enzymes such as H. pylori phospholipases A2 and C have been cloned and/or characterized (Weitkamp et al., 1993; Dorrell et al., 1999; General Introduction 3.4.2). Therefore, this chapter is focused on the isolation ...
ASD v2.0: updated content and novel features
... targets, including kinases (19.3%), ion channels (5.0%) and transcription factors (4.1%). As one of the largest therapeutic targets, the known allosteric sites in GPCRs (1.8%) are rather limited, most likely due to the difficulty of crystallization (44), which severely impedes the progress of rationa ...
... targets, including kinases (19.3%), ion channels (5.0%) and transcription factors (4.1%). As one of the largest therapeutic targets, the known allosteric sites in GPCRs (1.8%) are rather limited, most likely due to the difficulty of crystallization (44), which severely impedes the progress of rationa ...
THE MULTIFARIOUS AND DYNAMIC REGULATION OF THE LIVING CELL Karen van Eunen
... The availability of whole-genome sequences of various organisms made it possible to study the mRNA levels of all genes in the cell simultaneously. Similarly, proteomics approaches are improving and expanding their coverage of the cellular proteome. A genome-wide analysis at a single level of express ...
... The availability of whole-genome sequences of various organisms made it possible to study the mRNA levels of all genes in the cell simultaneously. Similarly, proteomics approaches are improving and expanding their coverage of the cellular proteome. A genome-wide analysis at a single level of express ...
Single-Amino Acid Substitutions Alter the Specificity and Affinity of
... nNOS (Figure 1C, R70A). However, R70A failed to bind Kv1.4. Thus, a single-amino acid substitution (Arg to Ala) confers nNOS binding on PDZ1 of PSD-95, but disrupts C-terminal peptide binding. These results suggest that an Arg or Lys residue in the carboxylate-binding loop of PDZ domains is required ...
... nNOS (Figure 1C, R70A). However, R70A failed to bind Kv1.4. Thus, a single-amino acid substitution (Arg to Ala) confers nNOS binding on PDZ1 of PSD-95, but disrupts C-terminal peptide binding. These results suggest that an Arg or Lys residue in the carboxylate-binding loop of PDZ domains is required ...
Data mining for important amino acid residues in multiple sequence
... Enzymes are highly efficient bio-catalysts interesting for industries and medicine. Therefore, a goal of utmost importance in biochemical research is to understand how an enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction. Here, the computational identification of functionally or structurally important residue po ...
... Enzymes are highly efficient bio-catalysts interesting for industries and medicine. Therefore, a goal of utmost importance in biochemical research is to understand how an enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction. Here, the computational identification of functionally or structurally important residue po ...
Advances in Chemical Protein Modification
... among others, and play a pivotal role in important cellular processes including trafficking, differentiation, migration, and signaling.2 Consequently, reproducing in a highly efficient and controlled way such natural modifications of proteins (by introducing natural PTMs) would provide an invaluable tool ...
... among others, and play a pivotal role in important cellular processes including trafficking, differentiation, migration, and signaling.2 Consequently, reproducing in a highly efficient and controlled way such natural modifications of proteins (by introducing natural PTMs) would provide an invaluable tool ...
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT)
... vesicle-associated membrane protein 2(VAMP2) or synaptobrevin present in synaptic vesicle and synaptosomalassociated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP25) present in plasma membrane respectively 3. Due to this fatal neurological action, botulinum toxin is a potent bio-weapon for spreading terrorism and poses a ...
... vesicle-associated membrane protein 2(VAMP2) or synaptobrevin present in synaptic vesicle and synaptosomalassociated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP25) present in plasma membrane respectively 3. Due to this fatal neurological action, botulinum toxin is a potent bio-weapon for spreading terrorism and poses a ...
Quality control in tRNA charging — editing of homocysteine
... tRNA is achieved by preferential binding, which is facilitated by structural variation between tRNAs (Schulman, 1991). In contrast, the structural variation between amino acids is not sufficient and an AARS often selects two or more similar amino acids (Baldwin & Berg, 1966). In those cases, faithfu ...
... tRNA is achieved by preferential binding, which is facilitated by structural variation between tRNAs (Schulman, 1991). In contrast, the structural variation between amino acids is not sufficient and an AARS often selects two or more similar amino acids (Baldwin & Berg, 1966). In those cases, faithfu ...
PDF Full-text
... p-hydroxyazobenzene groups, was changed to p-quinonimine by electrolysis and oxidation. Cysteine residues in the peptide reacted with p-quinonimine by 1,4-Michael addition. Meanwhile, Byeon et al. immobilized antibodies on a substrate through condensation of hydrazine and aldehyde in the presence of ...
... p-hydroxyazobenzene groups, was changed to p-quinonimine by electrolysis and oxidation. Cysteine residues in the peptide reacted with p-quinonimine by 1,4-Michael addition. Meanwhile, Byeon et al. immobilized antibodies on a substrate through condensation of hydrazine and aldehyde in the presence of ...
Phosphorylation of the F1Fo ATP Synthase Я Subunit
... striking mutant was the T262 site, for which the phosphomimetic (T262E) abolished activity, whereas the nonphosphorylatable strain (T262A) had an ATPase rate equivalent to wild type. Although T262E, like all of the  subunit mutants, was able to form the intact complex (F1Fo), this strain lacked a f ...
... striking mutant was the T262 site, for which the phosphomimetic (T262E) abolished activity, whereas the nonphosphorylatable strain (T262A) had an ATPase rate equivalent to wild type. Although T262E, like all of the  subunit mutants, was able to form the intact complex (F1Fo), this strain lacked a f ...
Cholesterol Synthesis
... acids, eicosanoids, retinoids, & various non-polar xenobiotics (drugs & other foreign compounds). Some P450 enzymes have broad substrate specificity. Mechanisms for detoxification of non-polar compounds include reactions such as hydroxylations that increase polarity, so that the products of these ...
... acids, eicosanoids, retinoids, & various non-polar xenobiotics (drugs & other foreign compounds). Some P450 enzymes have broad substrate specificity. Mechanisms for detoxification of non-polar compounds include reactions such as hydroxylations that increase polarity, so that the products of these ...
Quantitative Analysis of the Kinetics of End
... RecA protein will form mixed ®laments on DNA with the RecA K72R mutant protein that binds but does not hydrolyze ATP or dATP (Shan & Cox, 1996). In most experiments with the mutant, dATP replaces ATP since the mutant protein functions in some RecA assays only in the presence of dATP (Rehrauer & Kowa ...
... RecA protein will form mixed ®laments on DNA with the RecA K72R mutant protein that binds but does not hydrolyze ATP or dATP (Shan & Cox, 1996). In most experiments with the mutant, dATP replaces ATP since the mutant protein functions in some RecA assays only in the presence of dATP (Rehrauer & Kowa ...
Nucleotide sequence of the Tn10 encoded tetracycline resistance
... Figure 7 displays the distribution of amino acids grouped according to their polarity in hydrophobic, uncharged polar, acidic, and basic residues. The dominance of hydrophobic amino acids, which make up for 58% of the total, is clearly demonstrated in this figure. With two exceptions they are evenly ...
... Figure 7 displays the distribution of amino acids grouped according to their polarity in hydrophobic, uncharged polar, acidic, and basic residues. The dominance of hydrophobic amino acids, which make up for 58% of the total, is clearly demonstrated in this figure. With two exceptions they are evenly ...
The introduction and use of PKU sphere™, a Glycomacropeptide
... information on the safety of GMP). Vitaflo have developed guidelines on the use and introduction of PKU sphere in children over the age of 6 years and adults. Like any GMP-AA, it does contain some Phe (36 mg/20g protein equivalent), so it is essential that every patient with PKU is assessed individu ...
... information on the safety of GMP). Vitaflo have developed guidelines on the use and introduction of PKU sphere in children over the age of 6 years and adults. Like any GMP-AA, it does contain some Phe (36 mg/20g protein equivalent), so it is essential that every patient with PKU is assessed individu ...
Interactome
In molecular biology, an interactome is the whole set of molecular interactions in a particular cell. The term specifically refers to physical interactions among molecules (such as those among proteins, also known as protein-protein interactions) but can also describe sets of indirect interactions among genes (genetic interactions). Mathematically, interactomes are generally displayed as graphs.The word ""interactome"" was originally coined in 1999 by a group of French scientists headed by Bernard Jacq. Though interactomes may be described as biological networks, they should not be confused with other networks such as neural networks or food webs.